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The co-evolution of East Asian subtropical westerly jet and East Asian summer monsoon during different time periods in the Holocene and its influence on precipitation patterns in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第4期68卷 1100-1115页

作者： Yawen LIU Mi YAN Jian LIU Sumin WANG Zhengyu LIU Liang NING Ziyi WANG Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of Education/State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution and Regional Response/Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of GeographyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation of Large Scale Complex Systems School of Mathematical SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210008China Department of Geography The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Generally,the interaction between the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ)and the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)is regarded as a critical dynamic factor in the evolution of precipitation patterns in *** simulation results from the transient climate evolution since the last glacial maximum,this study applies the multivariate empirical orthogonal function(MVEOF)analysis method to investigate the co-evolution relationships of the EASWJ and the EASM during the early,middle,and late Holocene,as well as their influence on precipitation patterns in *** results indicate that all the first MVEOF modes in different time periods of the Holocene display an out-of-phase relationship in the intensity anomaly between the EASWJ and the ***,the jet stream is wider and more tilted in the late *** the influence of secondary circulations formed during their co-evolution,a north-south dipolar precipitation pattern in eastern China(“flood in the south and drought in the north”or“drought in the south and flood in the north”)and an east-west dipolar pattern in northern China(“wet in the west and dry in the east”or“wet in the east and dry in the west”)are found in the early and middle Holocene,while in the late Holocene a regionally-consistent precipitation pattern is witnessed across the whole *** this mode,the precipitation in the middle and late Holocene is primarily dominated by trend *** second MVEOF mode reveals that the EASM weakens when the EASWJ shifts eastward and the jet steam axis shortens during the early Holocene,resulting in a north-south dipolar precipitation pattern in eastern China and a regionally-consistent pattern in northern *** the middle Holocene,dipolar precipitation patterns are also observed in both eastern China and northern China when the EASWJ moves northward and the EASM strengthens,while the moisture condition in North China is less pronounced,and vice *** the late Holocene,the intensity anomali

关键词： Holocene East Asian subtropical westerly jet East Asian summer monsoon Co-evolution Precipitation pattern

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Complementary Learning System Theory-based Active Learning for Audio Classification

Complementary Learning System Theory-based Active Learning f...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Geng, Hui Gao, Zijian Wan, Tianjiao Feng, Dawei Wang, Changjian Xu, Kele College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Deep learning has significantly advanced the audio classification, achieving remarkable results. However, these successes often rely on extensive manual annotation of audio, a labor-intensive and costly process. Active Learning (AL) presents a promising solution by minimizing the required amount of annotation through the iterative selection of the most informative audio samples. Current AL methods for audio classification typically depend solely on the latest model checkpoint, overlooking the dynamics of the entire training process. The Complementary Learning Systems (CLS) theory posits that the interplay between short-term and long-term memory systems can effectively measure sample uncertainty, offering a means to capture training dynamics. In this work, we introduce a novel AL framework for audio classification, termed CLS-AL, which addresses the limitations of existing methods by simultaneously maintaining both short-term and long-term memory models. This dual-memory approach allows for a more comprehensive consideration of training dynamics. The divergence in predictions between these memory models provides a new metric for evaluating the uncertainty of unlabeled samples, enhancing the effectiveness of the AL sample selection process. We demonstrate the effectiveness and generalizability of CLS-AL through extensive experiments on a diverse set of audio datasets, showing that CLS-AL obviously outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Active Learning Audio Classification Complementary Learning System Uncertainty Estimation

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Stereoselective effects and its potential mechanism of ofloxacin on the growth and development of Rana nigromaculata:mainly liver lipid metabolism

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2025年第4期19卷 125-138页

作者： Wenjun Zhang Miaomiao Teng Jin Yan Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education College of EnvironmentHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Most research on antibiotics in the environment disregards chiral antibiotics,such as ofloxacin(OF).In this study,tadpoles of Rana nigromaculata were exposed to 1μg/L OF and levofloxacin(LVFX,an enantiomer of OF)for 75 *** with dextrofloxacin,LVFX treatment had a greater effect on the inhibition of bodyweight,body length,development stage,and pathological liver ***,OF exerts a stereoselective inhibitory effect on both growth and development,which is consistent with the results at the systemic metabolism *** analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes between OF and LVFX were mainly immune *** metabolomics showed that the stereoselective biological effect of OF on *** was caused by differences in contents of PE-O 16:0-22:4,PE 16:0-14:0,TAG 45:0-FA16:0,PE-P 18:0-16:0,PE 16:0-16:0,PC 16:0-22:4+AcO,PE 18:1-18:3,PC 16:1-18:1+AcO,and PC 18:1-18:3+***,two enantiomers of OF were selectively bound to enzymes related to lipid *** study provides both theoretical and practical references for the accurate evaluation and scientific control of the ecological risk of chiral antibiotics.

关键词： Chiral antibiotics Amphibians Targeted metabolomics Molecular docking Obesity

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Insight into the bimetallic structure sensibility of catalytic nitrate reduction over Pd-Cu nanocrystals

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第3期149卷 221-233页

作者： Zhiqiang Zhang Wenhang Li Cailin Zheng Kunyu Chen Heliang Pang Wenxin Shi Jinsuo Lu School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources Environment and EcologyMinistry of EducationXian 710055China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Construction engineering quality and safety supervision center station House and Urban Rural Development Department of AnkangAnkang 725000China College of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Catalytic reduction of nitrate over bimetallic catalysts has emerged as a technology for sustainable treatment of nitrate-containing ***,the structure of bimetallic has been much less investigated for catalyst ***,two main types of Pd-Cu bimetallic nanocrystal structures,heterostructure and intermetallic,were prepared and characterized using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that two individual Pd and Cu nanocrystals with a mixed interface exist in the heterostructure nanocrystals,while Pd and Cu atoms are uniformly distributed across the intermetallic Pd-Cu *** catalytic nitrate reduction experiments were carried out in a semibatch reactor under constant hydrogen *** nitrate conversion rate of the heterostructure Pd-Cu nanocrystals supported onα-Al_(2)O_(3),γ-Al_(2)O_(3),SBA-15,and XC-72R exhibited 3.82-,6.76-,4.28-,2.44-fold enhancements relative to the intermetallic nanocrystals,and the nitrogen and nitrite were the main products for the heterostructure and intermetallic Pd-Cu nanocrystals,*** indicates that the catalytic nitrate reduction over Pd-Cu catalyst is sensitive to the bimetallic structures of the catalysts,and heterostructure bimetallic nanocrystals exhibit better catalytic performances on both the activity and selectivity,which may provide new insights into the design and optimization of catalysts to improve catalytic activity and selectivity for nitrate reduction in water.

关键词： Catalytic nitrate reduction Pd-Cu bimetallic catalyst Heterostructure Intermetallic Activity and selectivity

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Spatial-Frequency Cross-Domain Mutual Guidance for Visible-Infrared Image Fusion

Spatial-Frequency Cross-Domain Mutual Guidance for Visible-I...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Zhili Lin Biao Leng School of Computer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

The primary objective of Visible-Infrared Image Fusion (VIF) is to combine the rich texture and color information from visible light images with the comprehensive thermal radiation data provided by infrared images. However, most current fusion algorithms focus solely on spatial domain feature transformations, which results in fused images lacking sufficient detail and failing to effectively preserve crucial details from the source images. In this paper, we propose Spatial-Frequency Mutual Guidance for VIF. The framework comprises two branches. Each branch reconstructs input features in the frequency and spatial domains. We introduce a novel cross-domain mutual guidance mechanism. It fully integrates information between the frequency and spatial domains to enhance the detail quality of fused images. Furthermore, a weight allocation network is utilized to adaptively assign importance to visible and infrared images based on scene characteristics. Experiments on three VIF datasets show that our method outperforms recent advanced algorithms.

关键词： Image color analysis Frequency-domain analysis Heuristic algorithms Signal processing algorithms Signal processing Resource management Speech processing Image fusion Image reconstruction Visual perception

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On the Applicability of Code Language Models to Scientific Computing Programs

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IEEE Transactions on software Engineering 2025年

作者： Zhao, Qianhui Liu, Fang Long, Xiao Wu, Chengru Zhang, Li State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment Beihang University Beijing China

Scientific Computing Programming Languages (SCPLs), like MATLAB and R, are popular and widely used for computational mathematics. In recent years, pre-trained code language models (CLMs) have automated many code-related tasks, covering various general programming languages. SCPLs share many similarities with general programming languages, including similar syntactic structures and the semantics of identifiers. Despite the similarities, there exist many differences between them. For example, lots of numerical operations and dedicated libraries exist in SCPLs. However, there has been little comprehensive work analyzing CLMs’ capabilities in the understanding and generation of pragmatic scientific computing programs. To this end, we investigate the applicability of code language models for the SCPL analysis, especially focus on real-world code in open-source repositories. We first create a benchmark that contains programs and documentation from three widely used scientific computing programming languages, then perform an adequate evaluation of existing advanced code language models on both code understanding and generation tasks using the new benchmark, and study the relations of different training strategies, model types, and model sizes to the performance of different tasks and languages. Evaluation results confirm that, compared to general programming languages, SCPLs are more challenging to understand, and especially to generate, but the use of code language models is nevertheless feasible, and the knowledge obtained from the general languages can be transferred to SCPL analysis. A deeper analysis reveals additional challenges in generating code that incorporates API calls relevant to computational mathematics. We believe that our findings can provide guidance on improving tooling and analyses for the scientific programming language, and also inspire and motivate researchers to improve the robustness of existing code language models. © 1976-2012 IEEE.

关键词： System program documentation

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AISE v2.0: Combining Loop Transformations: (Competition Contribution) 31th

AISE v2.0: Combining Loop Transformations: (Competition Cont...

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31st International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2025, which was held as part of the International Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of software, ETAPS 2025

作者： Lin, Yao Chen, Zhenbang Wang, Ji College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Complex and Critical Software Environment National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031906596

AISE is a C program verifier that synergizes symbolic execution and abstract interpretation. This year, AISE v2.0 introduces a loop transformation scheme based on recurrence analysis to handle programs involving nonlinear arithmetic. By combining loop transformations, AISE v2.0 achieved a score of 1031 and won first place in the ReachSafety-Loops category, demonstrating the effectiveness of the methods employed in AISE v2.0. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： C (programming language)

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Video Motion Blur Attack via Grad-Weighted and Discrete-Fusion based Perturbation Generation

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Guoming Li, Jun Xu, Yangfan Shi, Zhiping Liu, Xianglong Capital Normal University Information Engineering College Beijing100048 China Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beijing100191 China

Recent research has shown that deep learning networks are vulnerable to adversarial samples. Although there has been great progress in the study of adversarial attacks on images, there is relatively little research on adversarial attacks in the video domain, especially on intrinsic factors of videos, such as motion blur. In this paper, we devise a novel Grad-Weighted based One-step Motion Blur Attack (GWO-MBA) and a Discrete-Fusion based Progressive Motion Blur Attack (DFP-MBA) for video recognition, starting from the idea of integrating global adversarial attacks and adversarial patch attacks. Concretely, we use gradient maps to filter and weighted fusion motion blur (termed GWO-MBA) to achieve the attack that matches the motion information in the context of the video. In order to make the generated motion blur attack perturbations more natural and improve the attack success rate, we further introduce a progressive decomposition motion blur strategy (termed DFP-MBA) to progressively fuse more realistic discrete motion blurs. Besides, we propose an Aggressive Motion Blur Generation (AMBG), which generates natural motion blur based on the video context and has a better attack effect. The extensive experiments, on the HMDB-51 and UCF-101 datasets, demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed attack method. In addition, the attack effectiveness of the mainstream denoising defense model and the deblur model further validates the robustness of our attack method. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial Attack Discrete-Fusion Gradient-Weighted Motion Blur Video Action Recognition

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The Influence of Microbial Community on Oil Reservoirs:A Case Study on the Mesozoic Natural Gas in the Pengyang Area,Southwestern Ordos Basin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 144-158页

作者： SHANG Ting NIU Xiaobing LI Mingrui ZHANG Zhongyi HUANG Xuan HAN Tianyou ZHANG Xiaolei LI Jihong CHU Meijuan LIU Xin School of Geography and the Environment Xianyang Normal UniversityXianyang712000China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an 710018China Exploration&Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an 710018China National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil&Gas Fields Xi'an 710018China Northwest University Xi’an 710069China

The formation of Mesozoic natural gas in the Pengyang area of southwestern Ordos Basin is discussed,from the perspective of microbial community characteristics,in order to clarify the relationship between the origin of natural gas and its associated indigenous microbial *** types and diversity of indigenous microbial communities associated with the oil reservoir were studied by means of collecting reservoir formation water samples from exploration *** indigenous microbial communities in the Chang 8 member of the Yanchang Formation were primarily distributed within Proteobacteria and Firmicutes,including the specific species and genera of Methylobacter,Pseudomonas,Haibacter,Toxobacillus,Acinetobacter and Adura *** results of diversity analysis shows that the number of common genes was 5448,while the number of unique genes and information was *** reflects the fact that the strata in the study area are relatively closed and not invaded by external water sources,which leads to the development of biological community *** conjunction with the analysis of geochemical characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs in this area,this indicates that the study area possesses the necessary geological conditions for microbial *** is the first time that the species and diversity of the indigenous microbial community in the Ordos Basin have been analyzed,showing that microbial degradation is the main cause of natural gas formation here,changes the characteristics of crude oil in this area and provides first-hand information on the impact of indigenous microorganisms on the reservoir.

关键词： microbial community source of natural gas Yanchang Formation Pengyang area Ordos Basin

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Soil–plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere:incremental amplification induced by localized fertilization

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2025年第1期12卷 57-68页

作者： Liyang WANG Dan LIAO Zed RENGEL Jianbo SHEN Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient Resources Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionCollege of GrasslandResources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management Key Laboratory of Plant–Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)Department of Plant NutritionCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Soil Science&Plant Nutrition UWA School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation Split 21000Croatia

Localized fertilization strategies(banding fertilizers)developed to minimize nutrient fixation by soil are used widely in intensive agricultural *** fertilization encourages root foraging for heterogeneously distributed soil *** review focuses on the advances in root growth and nutrient acquisition of heterogeneously distributed soil *** is proposed that the incremental amplification of root foraging for nutrients induced by localized fertilization:(1)increased absorption area due to altered root morphology,(2)enhanced mobilization capacity underpinned by enhanced root physiological processes,and(3)intensified belowground interactions due to selective stimulation of soil *** increase in root proliferation and the nutrient mobilization capacity as well as microbiome changes caused by localized fertilization can be amplified stepwise to synergistically enhance root foraging capacity,nutrient use efficiency and improve crop *** the roots/rhizosphere through localized,tailored nutrient application to stimulate nature-based root foraging for heterogeneously distributed soil nutrients,and scaling up of the root foraging capacity and nutrient acquisition efficiency from the rhizosphere to the field offers a potential pathway for green and sustainable intensification of agriculture.

关键词： Incremental amplification localized fertilization root/rhizosphere engineering high nutrient-use efficiency

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