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A Fault Location Method for Student Homework Program

计算机教育 2025年第3期 111-121页

作者： Li Zhang Zheyu Yang Hao Li Jing Jiang Zian Sun the State Key Laboratory of Complex&Critical Software Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

In order to solve the code debugging difficulties faced by students and relieve the pressure of manual personalized tutoring,this paper proposes a method for locating faults in student code,called SCFL(student code fault location).This method utilizes a historical correct code repository composed of correct codes submitted by previous students in the same *** standardizes the erroneous code and historical correct code variables simultaneously and calculates the abstract syntax change ***,by establishing the mapping between the abstract syntax change tree and the student assignment code,the fault location results of the student assignment are *** evaluation experiments show that the SCFL method has a result of 9.25 in the cumulative inspection statement count and 15.9%in the fault localization cost *** indicators are better than the three currently commonly used spectrum-based baseline methods.

关键词： Programming education Fault localization Personalized tutoring Programming practice

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Experimental study on the mechanical properties of sandstone under different temperatures and cooling methods

Geoenergy Science and Engineering

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Geoenergy Science and Engineering 2025年 252卷

作者： Zhang, Jinsong Huang, Jialing Bu, Yishun Lu, Yu Zhang, Xiangyang State Key Laboratory for Safe Mining of Deep Coal Resources and Environment Protection Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan232001 China State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources Xuzhou221116 China School of Mining Engineering Anhui University of Science and Technology Huainan232001 China

To explore the damage mechanism of sandstone mechanical properties under the coupling effect of high temperature and water cooling during the geothermal exploitation of hot dry rock, this paper conducts comparative experiments of natural cooling and water cooling on sandstone treated at 200–600 °C, and combines uniaxial compression mechanical tests with microscopic morphology analysis to systematically reveal the macroscopic and microscopic damage evolution laws of sandstone under the combined effect of temperature and cooling. The research shows that with the increase of temperature, the peak stress and elastic modulus of sandstone show a phased decline, and 400 °C is the threshold temperature for the sudden change of mechanical properties. Water cooling aggravates thermal damage compared with natural cooling. At 600 °C, the peak stress reduction of water-cooled samples is 1.8 times that of naturally cooled samples, and the volume expansion rate increases by 37 %. Microscopic analysis indicates that water cooling induces thermal mismatch stress between mineral particles, which leads to a more significant increase in the proportion of transgranular cracks at 600 °C. The established polynomial model can accurately characterize the temperature dependence of mechanical parameters. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of thermal fracturing in hot dry rock reservoirs and the assessment of wellbore stability. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Rock mechanics

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Diffusion-4K: Ultra-High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Jinjin Huang, Qiuyu Liu, Junjie Guo, Xiefan Huang, Di State Key Laboratory of Complex and Critical Software Environment Beihang University Beijing100191 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Meituan China

In this paper, we present Diffusion-4K, a novel framework for direct ultra-high-resolution image synthesis using text-to-image diffusion models. The core advancements include: (1) Aesthetic-4K Benchmark: addressing the absence of a publicly available 4K image synthesis dataset, we construct Aesthetic-4K, a comprehensive benchmark for ultra-high-resolution image generation. We curated a high-quality 4K dataset with carefully selected images and captions generated by GPT-4o. Additionally, we introduce GLCM Score and Compression Ratio metrics to evaluate fine details, combined with holistic measures such as FID, Aesthetics and CLIPScore for a comprehensive assessment of ultra-high-resolution images. (2) Wavelet-based Fine-tuning: we propose a wavelet-based fine-tuning approach for direct training with photorealistic 4K images, applicable to various latent diffusion models, demonstrating its effectiveness in synthesizing highly detailed 4K images. Consequently, Diffusion-4K achieves impressive performance in high-quality image synthesis and text prompt adherence, especially when powered by modern large-scale diffusion models (e.g., SD3-2B and Flux-12B). Extensive experimental results from our benchmark demonstrate the superiority of Diffusion-4K in ultra-high-resolution image synthesis. Code is available at https://***/zhang0jhon/diffusion-4k. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Method for Simultaneous Quantifying Five Types of Microplastics by Tubular Furnace Pyrolysis-thermal Desorption-gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry

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Huanjing Kexue/environmental Science 2025年第5期46卷 3200-3208页

作者： Wu, Zhi-Xin Liu, Lin Yu, Ruo-Zhen Deng, Zi-Yi Yang, Gang Wu, Yu-Xuan Liu, Cheng-You Liu, Fan-Chen Zhang, Bing Yang, Ying Zheng, Han-Yun Zhang, Zi-Ye Li, Jia-Nan Huang, Lin-Yan Yang, Yu-Jue Zhao, Ya-Xian Zhao, Gao-Feng Zhang, Li-Fei Liu, Guo-Rui Dai, Ran Liu, Ya-Qing Pei, Shu-Wei Tang, Han-Yu Wang, Hong-Wei Gao, Jun-Min Abdul, Qadeer An, Li-Hui Zhao, Xing-Ru State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Environmental Standards Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012 China School of Life Sciences Hebei University Baoding071002 China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing100081 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollutant Metrology and Reference Materials Institute of Environmental Reference Materials Environmental Development Center The Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing100029 China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement Beijing100029 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China Markes International Limited / SepSolve Analytical Ltd. Shanghai200233 China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of Education Chongqing University Chongqing400045 China

A susceptible method has been established to simultaneously quantify five types of microplastics greater than 0.22 µm across various environmental matrices，namely，polyethylene（PE），polypropylene（PP），polystyrene（PS），polyvinyl chloride（PVC），and polyethylene terephthalate（PET）. In detail，five types of microplastics were completely pyrolyzed within a tubular furnace. Pyrolyzates were captured using a Tenax TA absorbent. Subsequently，target compounds were rereleased in a thermal desorption instrument and transferred into gas chromatography/mass spectrometry（GC/MS）. The indicative compounds were filtered and selected to identify and quantify target microplastics. The instrument detection limits for the five types of microplastics ranged from 0.03 µg to 1.91 µg，whereas the method detection limits of target microplastics were 0.07-2.87 µg·L-1in water，0.31-16.52 µg·g-1 in soil/sediment，and 0.11-7.41 µg·g-1 in the organism，respectively. The relative standard deviations of 3.31%-22.37%，recoveries of 74.21%-119.63%，and quantitative ranges of 3.7-75 µg for PS;15-300 µg for PP，PVC，and PET;and 30-600 µg for PE were also implemented. Importantly，this method had simple requirements for sample pretreatment，avoided the interference of complex matrix，and improved the repeatability and reliability of results. Subsequently，the technique quantified target microplastics in water，soil，sediments，and biological tissue. The results showed that the total mass concentrations of five microplastics in water samples were 4.48-37.34 µg·L-1 and 10.55-218.98 µg·g-1 in soil and sediments，respectively，and 8.82-19.81 µg·g-1 in biological samples. This present study provided a reliable technical guarantee for future investigation and monitoring of environmental microplastic pollution. © 2025 Science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polyvinyl chlorides

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AISE v2.0: Combining Loop Transformations: (Competition Contribution)

AISE v2.0: Combining Loop Transformations: (Competition Cont...

引用

31st International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2025, which was held as part of the International Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of software, ETAPS 2025

作者： Lin, Yao Chen, Zhenbang Wang, Ji College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Complex and Critical Software Environment National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031906596

AISE is a C program verifier that synergizes symbolic execution and abstract interpretation. This year, AISE v2.0 introduces a loop transformation scheme based on recurrence analysis to handle programs involving nonlinear arithmetic. By combining loop transformations, AISE v2.0 achieved a score of 1031 and won first place in the ReachSafety-Loops category, demonstrating the effectiveness of the methods employed in AISE v2.0. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： C (programming language)

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Tensor decomposition of transportation temporal and spatial big data: A brief review

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Fundamental Research 2025年

作者： Li, Linchao Lin, Xiang Ran, Bin Du, Bowen National Key Laboratory of Green and Long-Life Road Engineering in Extreme Environment (Shenzhen) Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Wisconsin 53706 Madison United States State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Key Laboratory of Structural Health Monitoring and Control Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Shijiazhuang 050043 China

Recent development in sensing and communication technologies has made the collection of a large amount of traffic data easy and transportation engineering has entered the big data era. The massive traffic data provides some good opportunities for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), while some great challenges because of its characteristics of large value, variety, velocity, veracity, and volume. In recent few years, tensor decomposition has played an important role in traffic data analytic solutions and attached great interest from both academic and industrial areas. In this paper, the preliminary background and the implementation of tensor decomposition are presented. Then, some recent studies of tensor decomposition for traffic data imputation, traffic state prediction, and analysis of travel pattern are reviewed. Furthermore, advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Finally, remaining challenges of the application of tensor decomposition in transportation engineering are pointed out. © 2024

关键词： Data mining Intelligent transportation system Survey Traffic prediction

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Biochar amendment modulates xylem ionic constituents and ABA signaling:Its implications in enhancing water-use efficiency of maize(Zea mays L.)under reduced irrigation regimes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 132-146页

作者： Heng Wan Zhenhua Wei Chunshuo Liu Xin Yang Yaosheng Wang Fulai Liu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas Ministry of Education/Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenHajbakkegaard Alle 13Taastrup DK-2630Denmark Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101499China Soil Physics and Land Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.0.Box 47Wageningen 6700 AAthe Netherlands State Engineering Laboratory of Eficient Water Use of Crops and Disaster Loss Mitigation/Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureChinese Academy ofAgricultural SciencesBejing100081China Institute of Facility Agriculture Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

While biochar amendment enhances plant productivity and water-use efficiency(WUE),particularly under waterlimited conditions,the specific mechanisms driving these benefits remain ***,the present study aims to elucidate the synergistic effects of biochar and reduced irrigation on maize(Zea mays L.)plants,focusing on xylem composition,root-to-shoot signaling,stomatal behavior,and *** plants were cultivated in splitroot pots filled with clay loam soil,amended by either wheat-straw biochar(WSB)or softwood biochar(SWB)at 2%(w/w).Plants received full irrigation(FI),deficit irrigation(DI),or partial root-zone drying rrigation(PRD)from the 4-leaf to the grain-filling *** results revealed that the WSB amendment significantly enhanced plant water status,biomass accumulation,and WUE under reduced irrigation,particularly when combined with *** reduced irrigation inhibited photosynthesis,it enhanced WUE by modulating stomatal morphology and *** amendment combined with reduced rrigation significantly increased xylem K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NO_(3)^(-),Cl^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),and SO_(4)^(2-)-but decreased Na+,which in turn lowered xylem ***,biochar amendment and especially WSB amendment further increased abscisic acid(ABA)contents in both leaf and xylem sap under reduced irrigation conditions due to changes in xylem ionic constituents and *** synergistic interactions between xylem components and ABA led to refined adjustments in stomatal size and density,thereby affecting stomatal conductance and ultimately improving the WUE of maize plants at different *** combined application of WSB and PRD can,therefore,emerge as a promising approach for improving the overall plant performance of maize plants with increased stomatal adaptations and WUE,especially under water-limited conditions.

关键词： biochar alternate partial root-zone drying irrigation xylem composition abscisic acid stomatal morphology stomatalconductance

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Identification of carbon dioxide and methane emission characteristic across Heihe River, China

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Science of the Total environment 2025年 977卷 179175页

作者： Hu, Wenhan Du, Zhiheng Wang, Lei Yan, Fangping Han, Chuntan Wang, Xiqiang Tao, Changlian Liu, Jingfeng College of Geography and Environmental Science Northwest Normal University Lanzhou730070 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou730000 China Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu610041 China Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences China

Rivers are major sources of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into the atmosphere. However, limited research on CH4 and CO2 fluxes and production mechanisms in high-altitude and arid-region rivers constrains a comprehensive understanding of riverine carbon cycle. Heihe River is the second- largest inland basin in China, which originates from the Tibetan Plateau and flows through the arid regions of northwestern China. This study focused on CH4 and CO2 emissions along the Heihe River using the headspace technique and a gas chromatograph method. A total of 31 sampling sites were selected along the upstream and downstream stretches of the Heihe River, with 18 sites from the upstream and 13 from the downstream. The results indicate that the Heihe River is the sources of both CH4 and CO2 emissions, with higher concentrations and fluxes in the downstream arid region. The average diffusion fluxes of CH4 and CO2 in the downstream region are 80.1 μmol·m−2·d−1 and 63.6 mmol·m−2·d−1, respectively, while they are 35.9 μmol·m−2·d−1 and 31.1 mmol·m−2·d−1 in the upstream region. CH4 and CO2 fluxes in the upstream region were primarily controlled by the physical and chemical parameters (salinity, conductivity, air temperature, pH) and groundwater recharge (222Rn), while downstream emissions were influenced by DIC (Dissolved Inorganic Carbon) concentration and groundwater recharge. CH4 primarily originates from thermogenic sources (δ13C-CH4 > −50 ‰) in the upstream region, while CO2 was primarily derived from atmospheric input and CH4 oxidation (αc 4 was produced via acetoclastic methanogenesis (1.04 c 2 sources were influenced by both anthropogenic activities and CH4 oxidation. This study has enhanced our understanding of the carbon cycle in inland rivers of arid regions through the analysis of CH4 and CO2 fluxes and production mechanisms along the Heihe River. © 2025

关键词： Gas chromatography

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A PSO-CNN-LSTM Model for Seismic Facies Analysis: Methodology and Applications

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 84094-84111页

作者： Liao, Luyao Zhou, Huailai Liu, Junping Zhou, Jie Zhang, Donghang Wang, Jian Chengdu University of Technology Key Lab of Earth Exploration and Information Techniques Ministry of Education College of Geophysics Sichuan Chengdu610059 China Geophysical Technology Research and Development Center of BGP Inc China Chengdu University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Sichuan Chengdu610059 China Chengdu University of Technology College of Environment and Civil Engineering Sichuan Chengdu610059 China Sinopec Southwest Oil & Gas Company Sichuan Chengdu610095 China

Seismic facies analysis, as a crucial step in the study of depositional facies, effectively delineates the distribution patterns of depositional facies between wells. To address the limitations of conventional manual interpretation methods, particularly their low efficiency and strong subjectivity, this study proposes a hybrid CNN-LSTM model integrated with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO-CNN-LSTM). The model systematically extracts spatial features of seismic reflections through CNN architecture while capturing temporal waveform dependencies via LSTM networks, with PSO automatically optimizing critical parameters including initial learning rate and LSTM neuron count. Experimental results demonstrate that PSO-CNN-LSTM achieves a classification accuracy of 89.74%, surpassing CNN (81.48%), LSTM (81.63%), and basic CNN-LSTM (84.61%) models by 8.26%, 8.11%, and 5.13% respectively. The model exhibits superior performance on the SEG 2020 benchmark dataset, confirming that automated parameter optimization effectively reduces manual intervention while enhancing convergence stability. Practical applications reveal consistent interpretation outcomes between the model's predictions (using limited training samples) and expert analyses, providing reliable evidence for identifying favorable zones in heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs. The established intelligent waveform classification workflow validates PSO-CNN-LSTM model's robustness and offers an efficient solution for seismic facies analysis, particularly in complex geological settings. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Travel Patterns Analysis of Urban Residents Using Automated Fare Collection System

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2016年第1期25卷 40-47页

作者： WANG Ya DU Bowen RONG Qiannan LIN Xia State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University School of Software Beihang University

As one of the essential information, passenger Origin-destination(OD) matrix is crucial for transit system planning. Automated fare collection(AFC) system is widely used in big cities all around the world, OD data not only can be collected in dynamic way but also through citywide. It is only a byproduct of AFC and have the imperfection. This paper proposes a novel method to infer trip chain information of each commuter’s OD matrix based on travel pattern identify, and then the relationship between lines which have the character of the geographical proximity is used to calibrate the result of inferring. A serious of experiment results based on the real data show that the method has relatively high accuracy and can be use to practical application.

关键词： Smart card Public transportation Travel patterns

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