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Study of microstructure and discharge performance in fine-grained AZ31 magnesium alloy air battery anodes produced via single-pass large strain rolling

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Electrochimica Acta 2025年 528卷

作者： Zhao, Yuchen Jiang, Tao Li, Yong Sun, Yonghui Zhao, Hongyang Xu, Guangming School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Analytical and Testing Center Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials of Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China

This study utilized single-pass large strain rolling technology to prepare fine-grained AZ31 magnesium alloy anodes with excellent discharge properties. We systematically examined the microstructural evolution, electrochemical behavior, and discharge characteristics of these materials through EBSD, laser confocal three-dimensional morphology analysis, SEM, electrochemical testing, and constant current discharge experiments. The findings highlighted the interplay between the material's recrystallization and its discharge characteristics, along with the corrosion mechanisms active during discharge. Experimental results showed that increased rolling deformation improved both the degree of recrystallization and the anodes' overall discharge performance. Recrystallized grains that were fine and evenly distributed mitigated the depth of corrosion pits, resulting in a smoother electrolyte interface. This structural alteration reduced the chunk effect, enhancing the stability of the discharge process. Notably, anodes deformed by 80 % demonstrated optimal comprehensive discharge performance. At a discharge current of 20 mA·cm-2, these anodes achieved an efficiency, discharge capacity, and specific energy of 68.88 %, 1538.46 mA h·g-1, and 1764.11 mW h·g-1 respectively, showing an increase of 16.67 %, 16.67 %, and 17.67 % over the base material. Such results confirm the significant benefits of single-pass large strain rolling technology in developing fine-grained magnesium alloy anode materials, offering new avenues for advancing high-performance magnesium-air battery anodes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Recrystallization (metallurgy)

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Transition of dynamic recrystallization mechanism during hot deformation of Incoloy 028 alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第7期42卷 241-253页

作者： XiTing Zhong Lei Wang LinKe Huang Feng Liu State Key Lab of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China State Key Laboratory for Performance and Structure Safety of Petroleum Tubular Goods and Equipment Materials CNPC Tubular Goods Research InstituteXi'an710077China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

Dynamic recrystallization(DRX)plays significant roles in manipulating of microstructures during hot deformation and the result mechanical properties;however,the underling mechanism leading to multi scale-microstructures remains poorly ***,the DRX mechanism under wide processing conditions(i.e.950-1200°C,0.001-10 s-1)in Incoloy 028 alloy was investigated,where the relationships among flow stress,Z parameter and grain size,as well as the evolution of characteristic microstructures(grain size,sub-grain boundaries,and high angle grain boundaries),are *** the values of Z parameters decrease(corresponding to decreased flow stresses),three typical softening mechanisms successively occur,ranging from continuous DRX controlled by dislocation glide,discontinuous DRX dominated by dislocation motion(climb and cross/multiple slip)and grain boundary migration,to dynamic normal/abnormal grain growth resulting from grain boundary migration,with transition regions where two adjacent mechanisms occur ***,these above three softening mechanisms result in ultrafine,fine and coarse grains,*** present findings demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of DRX mechanism over a wide range of processing conditions,and further provide a new guideline for preparing single crystals.

关键词： Hot deformation Dynamic recrystallization Microstructure evolution Incoloy 028

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Application of non-equilibrium dendrite growth model considering thermo-kinetic correlation in twin-roll casting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第9期44卷 209-222页

作者： Yubing Zhang Jinglian Du Kang Wang Huiyuan Wang Shu Li Feng Liu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China School of Science Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150080China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

Upon non-equilibrium solidifications, dendrite growth, generally as precursor of as-solidified structures,has severe effects on subsequent phase transformations. Considering synergy of thermodynamics and kinetics controlling interface migration and following conservation of heat flux in solid temperature field, a more flexible modeling for the dendrite growth is herein developed for multi-component alloys,where, two inherent problems, i.e. correlation between thermodynamics and kinetics(i.e. the thermokinetic correlation), and theoretical connection between dendrite growth model and practical processing,have been successfully solved. Accordingly, both the thermodynamic driving force G and the effective kinetic energy barrier Qeffhave been found to control quantitatively the dendrite growth(i.e. especially the growth velocity, V), as reflected by the thermo-kinetic trade-off. Compared with previous models, it is the thermo-kinetic correlation that guarantees quantitative connection between the practical processing parameters and the current theoretical framework, as well as more reasonable description for kinetic behaviors involved. Applied to the vertical twin-roll casting(VTC), the present model, realizes a good prediction for kissing points, which influences significantly alloy design and processing *** work deduces quantitatively the thermo-kinetic correlation controlling the dendrite growth, and by proposing the parameter-triplets(i.e. G-Qeff-V), further opens a new beginning for connecting solidification theories with industrial applications, such as the VTC.

关键词： Dendrite growth Multi-component alloys Thermo-kinetic correlation Vertical twin-roll casting

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In- and Ex-Situ Study of Phase Transformation Behavior in the Ternary Ru-Containing Γ-Tial Alloys

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wu, Yulun Hu, Rui Yang, Jieren Song, Lin Gao, Xiangyu Stark, Andreas Liang, Zhida Pyczak, Florian State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'An710072 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China Analytical & Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'An710072 China Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Geesthacht21502 Germany

The phase transformation pathways and phase transition temperatures in six Ru-containing γ-TiAl alloys with different Ru and Al contents were determined by means of in-situ synchrotron radiation high energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) from 1000 oC to 1420 oC. To validate the HEXRD results, a series of water-quenching experiments after isothermal holding were performed. The results indicate that the phase transformation behavior of Ru-containing γ-TiAl alloys is quite sensitive to Ru and Al content. Ru is one of the strongest β-stabilizers, which increases the α2 disordering temperature. According to the experimental quasi-binary phase diagrams, the β transus temperature is obviously decreased and the single α phase field is moved to the higher Al contents. Moreover, the γ-containing phase field extends to the Al-depleted side in an alloy with 2.0 at.% Ru addition, indicating that Ru is also a kind of γ-stabilizer. In addition, the higher contents of Ru and Al will lead to the precipitation of ternary intermetallic τ1 phase during solid-state phase transformation, but not during solidification as mentioned by previous researches. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Synchrotron radiation

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Partial dislocation slip induced plasticity

Journal of Alloys and Compounds Communications

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds Communications 2024年 1卷

作者： Xiangyu Gao Yan Wang Jie Wang Ying Ding Xiaolin Li Analytical & Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an Shaanxi 710072 PR China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an Shaanxi 710072 PR China

Both twinning and transformation can produce a macroscopic strain and cause a significant plastic deformation, which are known as twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) and transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), enhancing the plastic deformability of structural materials dramatically. As far as the authors believe, the underlying origin behind these kinds of plastic deformation should not be the twinning and transformation themselves. By deciphering microstructural origins of the two effects in a kind of interstitial high entropy alloy (iHEA), the slip of partial dislocations causing TWIP and TRIP is analogous to the full dislocation slip governing ductility of materials, determines the plastic deformation.

关键词： Twinning-induced plasticity Transformation-induced plasticity Partial dislocation slip Full dislocation slip Slip-induced plasticity

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A multiphase sodium vanadium phosphate cathode material for high-rate sodium-ion batteries

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第7期66卷 121-127页

作者： Chuan Wang Hai Long Lijiao Zhou Chao Shen Wei Tang Xiaodong Wang Bingbing Tian Le Shao Zhanyuan Tian Haijun Su keyu Xie Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi'an 710072China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Central Analytical Research Facility Queensland University of Technology.Australia International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Technology Institute Co. Ltd.Jinye RoadXi'an 710070China

The unsatisfactory rate capability and poor cycling stability at high rate of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) have impeded their practical applications. Herein, a Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/Na_(3)V_(3)(PO_(4))_(4) multiphase cathode materials for high-rate and long cycling SIBs was successfully synthesized by regulation the stoichiometric ratio of raw materials. The combined experiment and simulation results show that the multiphase materials consisted of NASICON structural phase Na3V2(PO4)3 and layered structure phase Na_(3)V_(3)(PO_(4))_(4), possess abundant phase boundaries. Electrochemical experiments demonstrate that the multiphase materials maintain a remarkable reversible capacity of 69.0 mA h g^(-1) even at an ultrahigh current density of 100 C with a high capacity retention of 81.25 % even after 10,000 cycles. Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/Na_(3)V_(3)(PO_(4))_(4) electrode exhibits a higher working voltage, superior rate capability and better cycling stability than Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) electrode, which indicates that the introduction of second phase can be an effective strategy for the development of novel cathode materials for SIBs.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries High-rate capability Multiphase Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3) Na_(3)V_(3)(PO_(4))_(4)

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3D misfit potentials dependent deformation behaviors with respect to different dislocation core structures of fcc metals

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Physical Review Materials 2025年第6期9卷 063604-063604页

作者： Hao Li Jinglian Du Shun-Li Shang Zi-Kui Liu Feng Liu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 People's Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania 16802 USA Analytical & Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 People's Republic of China

Dislocations, both screw and nonscrew, in fcc metals are crucial in forming dislocation substructures, significantly influencing deformation mechanisms such as deformation twinning and martensite transformation. In this work, the effects of dislocation types on the deformation behaviors of fcc Al, Cu, and Fe are investigated using the semidiscrete variational Peierls-Nabarro (PN) model. The three-dimensional (3D) misfit potentials are determined from first-principles calculations. The deformation mechanisms and mechanical behaviors are analyzed in terms of variations in the dislocation core structures, along with the PN stress τp and Peierls potential Ep. It is found that the decomposition behaviors of dislocations in fcc metals, as characterized by the stacking fault width, are influenced by the dislocation line angle θ. The interplanar distance Δx perpendicular to the dislocation line, as a function of θ in fcc metals, dominates the magnitude of PN stress τp and Peierls potential Ep. For instance, with Δx decreasing from 3/2 to 1/2, the τp, e.g., for fcc Cu, reduces from 3.20 MPa (screw dislocation) to 0.002 MPa (edge dislocation). The increase of θ is unfavorable to dislocation cross-slip but promotes the occurrence of dislocation climb, deformation twinning, and ε-martensite transformation. Consequently, the strain hardening rate can be enhanced in terms of such variations in the deformation behaviors for fcc Al, Cu, and Fe. Our investigations offer an insightful guidance for qualitatively assessing the likelihood and degree of deformation twinning and ε-martensite transformation in fcc metals via examining the dislocation core structures.

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Great Increasing N Content in Fe-Embedded Carbon Nanotubes To Effectively Activate Persulfate for Radical and Nonradical Degradation of Organic Contaminants

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Junjie Wang, Wenxi Gao, Wenran Cai, Yuncheng Wang, Wei Tan, Fatang Wang, Xinyun Qiao, Xueliang Wong, Po Keung State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Forestry University Jiangsu Nanjing210037 China Huazhong University of Science & Technology Analytical and Testing Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong NT Shatin Hong Kong

N atoms in carbonaceous catalysts are usually considered as the key active centers for catalytic/activated reactions. However, the raise of N content in metal-carbonaceous composites is still a great challenge. In this work, the N content in Fe-embedded carbon nanotubes (Fe@CNTs) was greatly enriched via a Zn-N linkage process, giving Fe-embedded N-rich carbon nanotubes (Fe@NRCNTs). The N content of Fe@NRCNTs was up to 7.43 atom%, reaching the highest value among other Fe-embedded carbonaceous materials. Zn-N linkage could induce more active C sites in g-C3N4 intermediate for N-doping and inhibit the release of N-containing gases, resulting in N enrichment during the formation of Fe@NRCNTs. More importantly, the as-obtained Fe@NRCNTs exhibited excellent performance towards persulfate (PS) activation for TC degradation, and its rate constant was four times higher than that of Fe@CNTs. The high N content provided more active site for nonradical activation, and also accelerated the electron transfer between Fe and CNTs, beneficial for radical activation. Furthermore, Fe@NRCNTs could work in a very wide pH range (2.2-10.3), accompanying with high adaptability and reusability. This work provided a feasible strategy to increase N content in metal-embedded carbonaceous materials for highly efficient radical and nonradical persulfate activation. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Single crystal metal-organic framework constructed by vertically self-pillared nanosheets and its derivative for oriented lithium plating

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2021年第9期42卷 1553-1560页

作者： Xiaomin Jia Shaowen Li Tu Sun Yanzhi Wang Yaqi Fan Chaochao Zhang Yang Xu Zuozhong Liang Haitao Lei Wei Zhang Yuye Zhou Yanhang Ma Haoquan Zheng Yue Ma Rui Cao Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119ShaanxiChina Center for Nano Energy Materials State Key Laboratory of Solidification ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072ShaanxiChina School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry Biotechnology and HealthDepartment of ChemistryDivision of Applied Physical ChemistryAnalytical ChemistryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySE‐10691StockholmSweden

This vertically self‐pillared(VSP)structure extends the application range of traditional porous materials with facile mass/ion transport and enhanced reaction ***,we prepare a single crystal metal‐organic framework(MOF),employing the ZIF‐67 structure as a proof of concept,which is constructed by vertically self‐pillared nanosheets(VSP‐MOF).We further converted VSP‐MOF into VSP‐cobalt sulfide(VSP‐CoS2)through a sulfidation *** plays an important role in almost all battery technologies;for metallic batteries,lithium anodes exhibit a high theoretical specific capacity,low density,and low redox ***,during the half‐cell reaction(Li++e=Li),uncontrolled dendritic Li penetrates the separator and solid electrolyte interphase *** employed as a composite scaffold for lithium metal deposition,there are many advantage to using this framework:1)the VSP‐CoS2 substrate provides a high specific surface area to dissipate the ion flux and mass transfer and acts as a pre‐catalyst,2)the catalytic Co center favors the charge transfer process and preferentially binds the Li+with the enhanced electrical fields,and 3)the VSP structure guides the metallic propagation along the nanosheet 2D orientation without the protrusive *** these features enable the VSP structure in metallic batteries with encouraging performances.

关键词： Vertically self‐pillared structure Metal organic framework Pre‐catalyst preparation Lithium plating orientation Metallic battery

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High-density metastable annealing twin boundaries-induced extraordinary strain hardening in ultrafine-grained high-entropy alloy

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Acta Materialia 2025年 295卷

作者： P.D. Huo L.K. Huang K.X. Song G. Qin F. Liu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an Shaanxi 710072 PR China Institute of Materials Henan Academy of Science Zhengzhou Henan 450002 PR China School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 PR China Analytical & Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an Shaanxi 710072 PR China

Twin boundaries (TBs) are well known to play a critical role in affecting the mechanical properties of face-centered cubic (FCC) metals and alloys. However, most existing strategies that leverage TB-dislocation interaction for strengthening while maintaining ductility rely primarily on stable TBs, following the widely held “stable-is-better” belief. Here, we report, for the first time, the fabrication of highly dense, metastable annealing TBs (ATBs) with the highest density of 1.93 μm −1 ever achieved, within an ultrafine-grained FCC Fe 49 Mn 30 Co 10 Cr 10 C high-entropy alloy. This structure delivers a superior strength–ductility synergy while preserving a remarkable strain hardening ability typically observed in coarse-grained materials, even surpassing that of base material with stable ATBs upon deformation and, thus, demonstrating the paradigm “metastable is also better”. On this basis, we reveal a previously unidentified strain hardening mechanism driven by densely metastable ATBs, which interact with dislocations to dynamically transform into high-angle grain boundaries. This transformation enables the production of high-density dislocations, generates a new type of dynamic Hall–Petch effect, and promotes cross slip. These effects play a major role in enhancing strain hardening, resulting in sluggish dislocation slip controlled by the high driving force and high generalized stability. Our findings provide new insights into the role of ATBs upon deformation that is different from that conventionally reported in the literature, and highlight the potential of manipulating high-density metastable ATBs to significantly improve the strain hardening capability of FCC metals and alloys.

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