Artificial intelligence(AI)has taken breathtaking leaps forward in recent years,evolving into a strategic technology for pioneering the *** growing demand for computing power—especially in demanding inference tasks,e...
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Artificial intelligence(AI)has taken breathtaking leaps forward in recent years,evolving into a strategic technology for pioneering the *** growing demand for computing power—especially in demanding inference tasks,exemplified by generative AI models such as ChatGPT—poses challenges for conventional electronic computing *** in photonics technology have ignited interest in investigating photonic computing as a promising AI computing *** the profound fusion of AI and photonics technologies,intelligent photonics is developing as an emerging interdisciplinary field with significant potential to revolutionize practical *** learning,as a subset of AI,presents efficient avenues for optimizing photonic design,developing intelligent optical systems,and performing optical data processing and *** AI in photonics can empower applications such as smartphone cameras,biomedical microscopy,and virtual and augmented reality ***,leveraging photonics-based devices and systems for the physical implementation of neural networks enables high speed and low energy *** photonics technology in AI computing is expected to have a transformative impact on diverse fields,including optical communications,automatic driving,and astronomical ***,recent advances in intelligent photonics are presented from the perspective of the synergy between deep learning and metaphotonics,holography,and quantum *** review also spotlights relevant applications and offers insights into challenges and prospects.
Laser absorption spectroscopy has proven to be an effective approach for gas sensing, which plays an important rolein the fields of military, industry, medicine and basic research. This paper presents a multiplexed ga...
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Laser absorption spectroscopy has proven to be an effective approach for gas sensing, which plays an important rolein the fields of military, industry, medicine and basic research. This paper presents a multiplexed gas sensing system basedon optical frequency comb (OFC) calibrated frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) tuning nonlinearity. Thesystem can be used for multi-parameter synchronous measurement of gas absorption spectrum and multiplexed opticalpath. Multi-channel parallel detection is realized by combining wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and frequencydivision multiplexing (FDM) techniques. By introducing nonlinear optical crystals, broadband spectrum detection is simultaneouslyachieved over a bandwidth of hundreds of nanometers. An OFC with ultra-high frequency stability is used asthe frequency calibration source, which guarantees the measurement accuracy. The test samples involve H13C14N, C_(2)H_(2)and Rb vapor cells of varying densities and 5 parallel measurement experiments are designed. The results show that themeasurement accuracies of spectral absorption line and the optical path are 150 MHz and 20 m, respectively. The schemeoffers the advantages of multiplexed, multi-parameter, wide spectrum and high resolution detection, which can realize theidentification of multi-gas components and the high-precision inversion of absorption lines under different *** proposed sensor demonstrates great potential in the field of high-resolution absorption spectrum measurement for gassensing applications.
A new microcavity magnetometry with FeGaB thin film achieves 1.68 pT/Hz/2 sensitivity,which is two orders of magnitude improvement over previous *** current detection has been demonstrated using this magnetometer.
A new microcavity magnetometry with FeGaB thin film achieves 1.68 pT/Hz/2 sensitivity,which is two orders of magnitude improvement over previous *** current detection has been demonstrated using this magnetometer.
Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a potent method that is widely adopted for the measurement of thin film thickness and refractive *** conventional ellipsometers utilize mechanically rotating polarizers and grating-based ...
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Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a potent method that is widely adopted for the measurement of thin film thickness and refractive *** conventional ellipsometers utilize mechanically rotating polarizers and grating-based spectrometers for spectropolarimetric ***,we demonstrated a compact metasurface array-based spectroscopic ellipsometry system that allows single-shot spectropolarimetric detection and accurate determination of thin film properties without any mechanical *** silicon-based metasurface array with a highly anisotropic and diverse spectral response is combined with iterative optimization to reconstruct the full Stokes polarization spectrum of the light reflected by the thin film with high ***,the film thickness and refractive index can be determined by fitting the measurement results to a proper material model with high *** approach opens up a new pathway towards a compact and robust spectroscopic ellipsometry system for the high throughput measurement of thin film properties.
Comprehensive and quantitative assessment of human physical activity in daily life is valuable for healthcare,especially for those who suffer from obesity and neurological disorders or are at high risk of *** wearable...
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Comprehensive and quantitative assessment of human physical activity in daily life is valuable for healthcare,especially for those who suffer from obesity and neurological disorders or are at high risk of *** wearable devices,e.g.,smartwatches,are insufficient and inaccurate for monitoring highly dynamic limb movements and assessing human ***,we report a new wearable leg movement monitoring system incorporating a custom-made motion sensor with machine learning algorithm to perceive human motion accurately and comprehensively during diverse walking and running *** system enables real-time multimodal perceptions of personal identity,motion state,locomotion speed,and energy expenditure for wearers.A general law of extracting real-time metabolic energy from leg movements is verified although individual gaits show *** addition,we propose a novel sensing configuration combining unilateral lower leg movement velocity with its angular rate to achieve high accuracy and good generalizability while simplifying the wearable *** performances in personal identification(accuracy of 98.7%)and motion-state recognition(accuracy of 93.7%)are *** wearable system also exhibites high-precision real-time estimations of locomotion speed(error of 3.04%to 9.68%)and metabolic energy(error of 4.18%to 14.71%)for new subjects across various time-varying *** wearable system allows reliable leg movement monitoring and quantitative assessment of bodily kinematic and kinetic behaviors during daily activities,as well as safe identity authentication by gait parameters,which would greatly facilitate smart life,personal healthcare,and rehabilitation training.
Electrostatic generators show great potential for powering widely distributed electronic devices in Internet of Things(IoT)***,a critical issue limiting such generators is their high impedance mismatch when coupled to...
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Electrostatic generators show great potential for powering widely distributed electronic devices in Internet of Things(IoT)***,a critical issue limiting such generators is their high impedance mismatch when coupled to electronics,which results in very low energy utilization ***,we present a high-performance energy management unit(EMU)based on a spark-switch tube and a buck converter with an RF *** optimizing the elements and parameters of the EMU,a maximum direct current output power of 79.2 mW m^(-2)rps^(-1)was reached for a rotary electret generator with the EMU,achieving 1.2 times greater power output than without the ***,the maximum power of the contact-separated triboelectric nanogenerator with an EMU is 1.5 times that without the *** excellent performance is attributed to the various optimizations,including utilizing an ultralow-loss spark-switch tube with a proper breakdown voltage,adding a matched input capacitor to enhance available charge,and incorporating an RF inductor to facilitate the high-speed energy transfer *** on this extremely efficient EMU,a compact self-powered wireless temperature sensor node was demonstrated to acquire and transmit data every 3.5 s under a slight wind speed of 0.5 m/*** work greatly promotes the utilization of electrostatic nanogenerators in practical applications,particularly in IoT nodes.
Microsphere lenses have emerged as essential tools in nanoscopic imaging due to their high resolution and real-time imaging capabilities. The improvements in magnification and resolution of composite microsphere lense...
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The emitter-cavity strong coupling manifests crucial significance for exploiting quantum technology,especially in the scale of individual ***,due to the small light-matter interaction cross-section,the single emitter-...
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The emitter-cavity strong coupling manifests crucial significance for exploiting quantum technology,especially in the scale of individual ***,due to the small light-matter interaction cross-section,the single emitter-cavity strong coupling has been limited by its harsh requirement on the quality factor of the cavity and the local density of optical ***,we present a strategy termed waveguide-assisted energy quantum transfer(WEQT)to improve the single emitter-cavity coupling strength by extending the interaction *** ancillary emitters are optically linked by a waveguide,providing an indirect coupling channel to transfer the energy quantum between target emitter and *** enhancement factor of coupling strength eg=g>10 can be easily achieved,which dramatically release the rigorous design of *** an extension of concept,we further show that the ancillae can be used as controlling bits for a photon gate,opening up new degrees of freedom in quantum manipulation.
Micro-vibration is an important factor affecting the imaging quality and pointing accu-racy of the in-orbit *** address the problem of micro-vibration compensation,a general summary for modeling,analysis,suppression,a...
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Micro-vibration is an important factor affecting the imaging quality and pointing accu-racy of the in-orbit *** address the problem of micro-vibration compensation,a general summary for modeling,analysis,suppression,and compensation approach should be *** this review,micro-vibration characteristics and its impacts on the payloads are firstly ***,methods for micro-vibration measurement are *** detail,the principles and practical applications of these methods are ***,advanced technologies for micro-vibration suppression are summarized from micro-vibration source attenuation,transfer path opti-mization and sensitive load *** approaches have been found to be effective for micro-vibration *** one is the Line-of-Sight(LOS)stabilization assisted with Inertial Ref-erence Unit(IRU).The other is using image restoration technology to remove the blur caused by platform *** compensation technique and research status of the two techniques are *** work will provide researchers with technical guidelines for micro-vibration suppression.
The electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)is a promising pathway to generate renewable fuels and ***,its advancement is impeded by the absence of electrocatalysts with both high selectivity and ***,we present a scalable...
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The electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)is a promising pathway to generate renewable fuels and ***,its advancement is impeded by the absence of electrocatalysts with both high selectivity and ***,we present a scalable in-situ thermal evaporation technique for synthesizing series of Bi,In,and Sn nanofilms on carbon felt(CF)substrates with a high-aspect-ratio *** resulting main-group metal nanofilms exhibit a homogeneously distributed and highly exposed catalyst surface with ample active sites,thereby promoting mass transport and ad-/desorption of reaction *** from the unique fractal morphology,the Bi nanofilms deposited on CF exhibit optimal catalytic activities for CO_(2)electroreduction among the designed metal nanofilms electrodes,with the highest Faradaic efficiency of 96.9%for formate production at−1.3 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)in *** an industrially relevant current density of 221.4 mA·cm−2 in flow cells,the Bi nanofilms retain a high Faradaic efficiency of 81.7%at−1.1 V(***)and a good long-term stability for formate ***,a techno-economic analysis(TEA)model shows the potential commercial viability of electrocatalytic CO_(2)conversion into formate using the Bi nanofilms *** results offer a green and convenient approach for in-situ fabrication of stable and inexpensive thin-film catalysts with a fractal structure applicable to various industrial settings.
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