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Adsorption of typical NDMA precursors by superfine powdered activated carbon:Critical role of particle size reduction

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 101-113页

作者： Ying Wang Zhichen Zhang Zhihang Yin Jun Wang Xiaojian Zhang Chao Chen State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Research Institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou) TsinghuaSuzhou 215163China

control of N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)in drinking water could be achieved by removing its precursors as one practical ***,superfine powdered activated carbons with a diameter of about 1μm(SPACs)were successfully prepared by grinding powdered activated carbon(PAC,D50=24.3μm)and applied to remove model NDMA precursors,***(RAN)and nizatidine(NIZ).Results fromgrain diameter experiments demonstrated that the absorption velocity increased dramatically with decreasing particle size,and the maximum increase in k2 was 26.8-folds for RAN and 33.4-folds for ***,kinetic experiments explained that rapid absorption could be attributed to the acceleration of intraparticle diffusion due to the shortening of the diffusion ***,performance comparison experiments suggested that the removal of RAN and NIZ(C_(0)=0.5 mg/L)could reach 61.3%and 60%,respectively,within 5 min,when the dosage of SAPC-1.1(D_(50)=1.1μm)was merely 5 mg/L,while PAC-24.3 could only eliminate 17.5%and 18.6%.The adsorption isotherm was well defined by Langmuir isotherm model,indicating that the adsorption of RAN/NIZ was a monolayer coverage *** adsorption of RAN or NIZ by SAPC-1.1 and PAC-24.3 was strongly pH dependent,and high adsorption capacity could be observed under the condition of pH>pk_(a)+*** coexistence of humic acid(HA)had no significant effect on the adsorption performance because RAN/NIZ may be coupled with HA and removed *** coexistence of anions had little effect on the adsorption *** study is expected to provide an alternative strategy for drinking water safety triggered by NDMA.

关键词： Adsorption NDMA Kinetics Superfine powdered activated carbon Intraparticle diffusion Drinking water

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Performance Evaluation Method for Automated Driving System in Logical Scenario

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Automotive Innovation 2022年第3期5卷 299-310页

作者： Peixing Zhang Bing Zhu Jian Zhao Tianxin Fan Yuhang Sun State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchunChina

With the continuous improvement of automated driving technology,how to evaluate the performance of an automated driving system is attracting more and more ***,with the creation of scenario-based test methods,the traditional evaluation index based on a single test can no longer meet the requirements of high-level safety verification for automated driving system,and the performance evaluation of such a system in logical scenarios will be the *** on the scenario-based test method and Turing test theory,a performance evaluation method for an automated driving system in the whole parameter space of a logical scenario is *** logical scenario parameter space is partitioned according to the risk degree of concrete scenario,and the evaluation process in different zones are ***,the anthropo-morphic index in the safe zone and the collision-avoidance index in the danger zone are defined by comparing test results of human driving and ideal vehicle *** front vehicle low-speed and cut-out scenarios as examples,two automated driving algorithms are tested in the virtual environment,and the test results are evaluated both by the proposed method and by human *** results show that the results of the proposed method are consistent with the subjective feelings of humans;additionally,it can be applied to scenario-based tests and the verification process of an automated driving system.

关键词： Automated driving system Logical scenario Performance evaluation Anthropomorphic index

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Structural Topology and Dynamic Response Analysis of an Electric Torque Vectoring Drive-Axle for Electric Vehicles

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Automotive Innovation 2022年第2期5卷 164-179页

作者： Junnian Wang Shoulin Gao Yue Qiang Meng Xu Changyang Guan Zidong Zhou State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchunChina

In-wheel motor-drive electric vehicles have the advantage of independently controllable wheel torque and the disadvantages of unsprung mass rise and power *** address the disadvantages,a centralized layout electric torque vectoring drive-axle system(E-TVDS)with dual motors is proposed,which can realize arbitrary distribution of driving torque between the left and right ***,the speed and torque distribution principle of E-TVDS based on velocity diagram are analyzed,and a virtual prototype of the whole vehicle with basic gear ratio relation model of the E-TVDS is built for simulation to verify the theoretical results and the basic effect of E-TVDS on the steering performance of the ***,the charac-teristics of 36 types of the novel E-TVDS topology structure are compared and analyzed,and the optimal structure scheme is ***,the accurate multiple degrees of freedom dynamic model for the optimal structure is established by using the bond graph method,and its dynamic response characteristics are *** results show that the vehicle equipped with the proposed E-TVDS can distribute the driving torque with the almost identical amount but opposite sign between the left and right wheels in any direction,and varying amount according to different chassis dynamics control requirements,and the torque response performance is great with little delay and *** function and dynamic response of the proposed E-TVDS show that it has potential application value for various performance improvements of electric vehicles.

关键词： Electric vehicle Torque vectoring Differential Structural topology Bond graph

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A corrosion-resistant and age-hardenable Mg-Al-Mn-Ca-Ce dilute alloy with fine-grained structure processed by controlled rolling

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第32期163卷 223-236页

作者： Jia-Sheng Li Mei-Xuan Li Zhen-Ming Hua Yuan-Ting Mo Kai Guan Min Zha Yipeng Gao Hui-Yuan Wang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education&School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanling CampusJilin UniversityChangchun 130025China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China International Center of Future Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Low strength and poor corrosion resistance are two long-standing bottlenecks with dilute Mg ***,we report that the corrosion resistance of Mg-0.6Al-0.5Mn-0.2Ca(wt.%)alloy sheet can be significantly improved by micro-alloying with 0.3 wt.%Ce,and the strength can be considerably augmented after aging *** optimization of strength,ductility,and corrosion resistance is difficult due to the inherent trade-off in Mg ***,our aged Mg-0.6Al-0.5Mn-0.2Ca-0.3Ce alloy features with yield strength(YS)of∼194 MPa,ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of∼265 MPa,elongation to failure(EF)of∼17.2%,and corrosion rate(CR)of 2.2 mm y^(−1),the combination of which exhibits competitive advantage over other comparative dilute Mg *** is found that Ce addition decreases the activity of cathodic phases,inhibits detrimental effects of Fe impurities,and forms a protective Ce-containing surface *** high strength stems from the precipitation of ordered Guinier-Preston(G.P.)zones dispersed in uniform fine grains with an average grain size of∼8.2μ*** atomic-scale *** result in a noticeable age hardening response but do not act as crack initiation and propagation site,so our alloy also performs satisfactory *** work sheds light on the design and fabrication of strong,ductile,and corrosion-resistant dilute magnesium alloys to be used in electronic products and automotive bodies.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Micro-alloying Aging G.P.zones Mechanical property Corrosion

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Impacts of electrochemical disinfection on the viability and structure of the microbiome in secondary effluent water

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 73-83页

作者： Marvin Yeung Lan Tian Yuhong Liu Hairong Wang Jinying Xi Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China

Electrochemical disinfection(ECD)is a promising disinfection technique for wastewater reclamation;however,the impacts of ECD on the microbiome in secondary effluent wastewater remain *** this study,Propidium monoazide-qPCR(PMA-qPCR)and the plate count method were used to evaluate the inactivation performance,and the PMA-16S rRNA gene sequences of living cells were targeted to study the microbiome.A discrepancy was found between PMA-qPCR and the plate count method in the evaluation of cell count,with increases of 1.5 to 2.2 orders of magnitude in the disinfection rate after 150 s of ***,the cell count recovered and occasionally exceeded original levels within 3 d after *** was suppressed after ECD,but the microbiome after 150 s disinfection retained a higher level of evenness and stability in the community with a median Shannon index(>3.7).Pathogenic bacteria remained high in relative abundance even after 150 s of 25 V disinfection,but the biofilm-forming population was effectively suppressed by *** co-occurrence network revealed a centralized and fragile network as disinfection persisted,demonstrating the destabilizing effects of ECD on the *** pathways for cell membrane synthesis and organic compound degradation were enriched after *** reaction of the microbiome after ECD was similar to other disinfection techniques in terms of community structure.

关键词： Electrochemical disinfection Secondary effluent Microbiome

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Research on the Driving Capability Evaluation Method Basing on the Parallel Driving System for Automated Vehicles 2

Research on the Driving Capability Evaluation Method Basing ...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on control, Electronics and Computer Technology, ICCECT 2024

作者： Ma, Wenxiao Sun, Bohua Luo, Tong Wang, Zhuofan Li, Wenjin Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380958

In order to solve the time cost and safety issues brought by testing the driving capability of drivers in real scenarios, this paper develops a hardware in the loop virtual simulation platform based on the parallel driving system between humans, vehicles, and roads, and realizes the evaluation of the driving capability of virtual drivers. Based on BP neural network, we establish a virtual driver driving capability evaluation model. Combining virtual environment and hardware in the loop system for verification, the experimental results show that the virtual vehicle controlled by the virtual driver model and the real vehicle have synchronization, which verifies the effectiveness of the parallel driving system among humans, vehicles, and roads. The virtual driver driving capability evaluation model has high identification accuracy and can accurately output the results of virtual driver driving capability evaluation. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： simulation platform

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Research on the Influence of Door and Window Sealing on Interior Wind Noise Based on Statistical Energy Analysis

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SAE International Journal of Vehicle Dynamics, Stability, and NVH 2025年第3期9卷

作者： Zhang, Yingchao He, Tengsheng Wang, Yuqi Niu, Jiqiang Zhang, Zhe Shen, Chun Zhang, Chengchun Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control China Southwest Jiaotong University School of Mechanical Engineering China Jilin University Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education China

Wind noise is an important indicator for evaluating cabin comfort, and it is essential to accurately predict the wind noise inside the vehicle. In the early stage of automotive design, since the geometry and properties of the sealing strip are often unknown, the contribution of the sealing strip to the wind noise is often directly ignored, which makes the wind noise obtained through simulation in the pre-design stage to be lower than the real value. To investigate the effect of each seal on wind noise, an SUV model was used to simulate the cases of not adding body seals, adding window seals, and further adding door seals, respectively. The contribution of each seal to wind noise was obtained and verified by comparing it with the test results. The influence of the cavity formed at the door seal was also addressed. In the simulations, a CFD solver based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) was used to solve the external flow field, and the noise transmitted into the interior of the vehicle through each sealing strip was analyzed using the statistical energy analysis (SEA) method. The results show that the simulation method used in this article can predict the effect of each seal on wind noise more accurately in the pre-design stage of the automobile, which provides guidance for the control of seal noise in the pre-design of the automobile. By analyzing the impact of various sealing strips on the noise inside the car, the significance to take into account the effect of door and window seals on interior noise during the early stages of car design is verified, and it proves that the adopted method can provide effective guidance for controlling sealing noise in the early stage of car design. © 2025 Yingchao Zhang, Tengsheng He, Jiqiang Niu, Chun Shen, Zhe Zhang, Chengchun Zhang.

关键词： Sealing (finishing)

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Analysis on carbon emission reduction intensity of fuel cell vehicles from a life-cycle perspective

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第1期18卷 16-27页

作者： Ziyuan TENG Chao TAN Peiyuan LIU Minfang HAN Fuel Cell and Energy Storage Center Department of Energy and Power EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power Systems and Generation EquipmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is rapidly developing in China for carbon reduction and *** paper evaluated the life-cycle cost and carbon emission of hydrogen energy via lots of field surveys,including hydrogen production and packing in chlor-alkali plants,transport by tube trailers,storage and refueling in hydrogen refueling stations(HRSs),and application for use in two different *** also conducted a comparative study for battery electric vehicles(BEVs)and internal combustion engine vehicles(ICEVs).The result indicates that hydrogen fuel cell vehicle(FCV)has the best environmental performance but the highest energy ***,a sufficient hydrogen supply can significantly reduce the carbon intensity and FCV energy cost of the current *** carbon emission for FCV application has the potential to decrease by 73.1%in City A and 43.8%in City *** only takes 11.0%–20.1%of the BEV emission and 8.2%–9.8%of the ICEV *** cost of FCV driving can be reduced by 39.1%in City *** improvement can be obtained with an economical and“greener”hydrogen production pathway.

关键词： hydrogen energy life-cycle assessment(LCA) fuel cell vehicle carbon emission energy cost

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Regional transport characteristics of PM2.5 pollution events in Beijing during 2018–2021

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第6期152卷 503-515页

作者： Dejia Yin Qian Song Yuanxi Guo Yueqi Jiang Zhaoxin Dong Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Da Gao Xing Chang Haotian Zheng Shengyue Li Yunting Li Baoxian Liu State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Airborne Particulate Matter Monitoring Technology Beijing 100048China Beijing Municipal Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100048China Laboratory of Transport Pollution Control and Monitoring Technology Transport Planning and Research InstituteMinistry of TransportBeijing 100028China

Although air pollutant emissions have sharply reduced in recent years,the occurrence of PM_(2.5) pollution events remains an intractable environmental problem in Beijing,and regional transport is the key influence ***,it has been difficult to identify regional transport characteristics and the main contributors to pollution events in recent *** this study,the relative contribution of regional transport was quantified(61.3%)in PM_(2.5) pollution events during 2018-2021 by the Community Multiscale Air Quality model embedded with the Integrated Source Apportionment Model(CMAQ-ISAM).The four regions with the largest fractional contributions to Beijing for all events were Shandong(7.7%),South Hebei(7.3%),Baoding(6.2%),and Langfang(5.8%).Pollution events were classified into the following types based on regional transport directions:local,southwest(SW),southeast(SE),south-mixed(SM),and *** on the transport distance,the SW,SE,and SM types can be subdivided into SW-short,SW-long,SE-short,SE-long,SM-short,SM-long distance from southwest,SM-long distance from southeast,and SM-long distance from southwest and ***-long was regarded as the most important type,with the highest relative frequency(20%).The transport directions were related to the southwest wind at 925 hPa and southeast wind at 1000 hPa in the south of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei(BTH)region,and the distance was mainly controlled by wind *** wind-field difference can be attributed to the low-pressure and high-pressure systems that control the BTH *** results suggest that regional joint pollution control should be optimized based on the transport type.

关键词： PM2.5 Pollution events Regional transport CMAQ-ISAM

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Ultrahigh-energy and-power aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion microbatteries based on highly cation-compatible vanadium oxides

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第25期120卷 159-166页

作者： Sheng-Bo Wang Qing Ran Wu-Bin Wan Hang Shi Shu-Pei Zeng Zi Wen Xing-You Lang Qing Jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Jilin University) Ministry of Education and School of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130022China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022China

Aqueous multivalent-metal-ion intercalation chemistries hold genuine promise to develop safe and powerful microbatteries for potential use in many miniaturized ***,their development is beset by state-of-the-art electrode materials having practical capacities far below their theoretical *** we demonstrate that high compatibility between layered transition-metal oxide hosts and hydrated cation guests substantially boost their multi-electron-redox reactions to offer higher capacities and rate capability,based on typical bipolar vanadium oxides preintercalated with hydrated cations(M_(x)V_(2)O_(5)).When seamlessly integrated on Au current microcollectors with a three-dimensional bicontinuous nanoporous architecture that offers high pathways of electron transfer and ion transport,the constituent Zn_(x)V_(2)O_(5) exhibits specific capacity of as high as∼527 mAh g^(−1) at 5 mV s^(−1) and retains∼300 mAh g^(−1) at 200 mV s^(−1) in 1 M ZnSO_(4) aqueous electrolyte,outperforming the M_(x)V_(2)O_(5)(M=Li,Na,K,Mg).This allows aqueous rechargeable zinc-ion microbatteries constructed with symmetric nanoporous Zn_(x)V_(2)O_(5)/Au interdigital microelectrodes as anode and cathode to show high-density energy of∼358 mWh cm^(−3)(a value that is forty-fold higher than that of 4 V/500μAh Li thin film battery)at high levels of power delivery.

关键词： Multivalent metal ions Aqueous rechargeable batteries Microbatteries Nanoporous metals Metal/oxide composites

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