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A probe into the acid deposition mitigation path in China over the last four decades and beyond

National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 84-92页

作者： Qian Yu Xiaodong Ge Haotian Zheng Jia Xing Lei Duan Dongwei Lv Dian Ding Zhaoxin Dong Yisheng Sun Posch Maximilian Danni Xie Yu Zhao Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang Jan Mulder Thorj?rn Larssen Jiming Hao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex School of EnvironmentTsinghua University International Institute for Applied System Analysis(IIASA) School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norwegian Institute for Water Research

China currently has the highest acid deposition globally, yet research on its status, impacts, causes and controls is lacking. Here, we compiled data and calculated critical loads regarding acid deposition. The results showed that the abatement measures in China have achieved a sharp decline in the emissions of acidifying pollutants and a continuous recovery of precipitation p H, despite the drastic growth in the economy and energy consumption. However, the risk of ecological acidification and eutrophication showed no significant decrease. With similar emission reductions, the decline in areas at risk of acidification in China(7.0%) lags behind those in Europe(20%) or the USA(15%). This was because, unlike Europe and the USA, China's abatement strategies primarily target air quality improvement rather than mitigating ecological impacts. Given that the area with the risk of eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition remained at 13%of the country even under the scenario of achieving the dual targets of air quality and carbon dioxide mitigation in 2035, we explored an enhanced ammonia abatement pathway. With a further 27% reduction in ammonia by 2035, China could largely eliminate the impacts of acid deposition. This research serves as a valuable reference for China's future acid deposition control and for other nations facing similar challenges.

关键词： acid deposition critical loads acidification eutrophication ammonia abatement

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Single and combined effects of secondary polyethylene microplastic on the growth of Pak choi and the soil microbiome composition

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 1-12页

作者： Jiamin Hu Zhenwen Xie Jiane Zuo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen518055China

It has been confirmed that microplastics(MPs)are present in the *** study simulated secondary PE-MPs via aging and mechanical processes to evaluate their effects on Pak choi(Brassica rapa L.)over 21 *** common pollutants,dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDT)and naphthalene,were used in the combined toxicity *** results indicated that the growth of Pak choi was significantly inhibited after exposure to secondary PE-MPs,and the combined effects were antagonistic,owing to the adsorption capacity of secondary PE-MPs to DDT and *** stress in Pak choi can be markedly affected,leading to oxidative damage to plant *** moisture content,soil bulk density,soil density,cation exchange capacity(CEC),and FDA hydrolase in the planted soils increased in the treated groups,and the TOC content changed *** also found that the microbial composition of the soil in the DDT and naphthalene groups showed more significant alterations than that in the other *** diversity analysis showed that species diversity increased in the combined groups but indicated a clear downward trend in the single MPs *** study suggests that secondary PE-MPs harm the growth of Pak choi and can change soil properties,revealing the harm to the ecosystem of MPs in the soil.

关键词： Secondary PE-MPs Combined effects Oxidative stress Soil properties Bacterial community

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Distributed Vehicle Longitudinal and Lateral Stability Coordinated control for High-speed Obstacle Avoidance 7

Distributed Vehicle Longitudinal and Lateral Stability Coord...

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7th CAA International Conference on Vehicular control and Intelligence, CVCI 2023

作者： Niu, Rui Zhang, Wei Liu, Jiayong Chen, Guoying Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Changchun China Chongqing Changan Automobile Company Limited Chongqing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340488

A hierarchical longitudinal and lateral motion coordinated control method is proposed for the driving stability problem of distributed drive vehicles under high-speed obstacle avoidance conditions. Firstly, the desired acceleration of the driver and the ideal vehicle state calculated by the reference model are used as references in the upper-level controller to establish a three-degree-of-freedom nonlinear model of the vehicle. The model has limitations on its control quantity and control increment. A longitudinal and lateral coupled motion controller is designed using the Adaptive Model Predictive control (AMPC) method. The lower-level tire force distribution algorithm uses the external positive octagon of the tire force attachment friction circle to simplify the tire force distribution constraint and optimally distribute the total force moment solved by the upper-level motion controller to obtain the longitudinal force and lateral force of the tire to improve the driving stability of the distributed vehicle. In this paper, two typical operating conditions, open-loop angular step, and double-shifted line, are selected and validated by combined simulation with Carsim software and MATLAB/Simulink software. The results show that the longitudinal and lateral coordinated control method can effectively improve the driving stability of the distributed vehicle under high-speed obstacle avoidance conditions. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive Model Predictive control Distributed Vehicle Stability control

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Integrated Motion control Method Based on Stability Constraints for Distributed Chassis by Wire 7

Integrated Motion Control Method Based on Stability Constrai...

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7th CAA International Conference on Vehicular control and Intelligence, CVCI 2023

作者： Chen, Guoying Bi, Chenxiao Du, Xiao-Xia Qiao, Bin State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University Changchun China Chongqing Changan Automobile Company Limited Chongqing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340488

In order to improve trajectory tracking accuracy and driving stability, this paper proposes an integrated motion control method considering stability constraints based on distributed chassis by wire. The control algorithm adopts a hierarchical architecture, where the upper control algorithm integrates the dynamics model of distributed chassis by wire with the vehicle longitudinal and lateral coupling integrated motion prediction model to construct multi-objective optimization functions, then designs stability constraints based on Phase plane diagram boundary, suppressing changes of vehicle yaw rate and centroid sideslip angle during motion control, to seek the expected whole-vehicle control input. The lower algorithm is based on vehicle state feedback and expected whole-vehicle control input, using tire utilization adhesion rate as the optimization index, introducing linear simplified tire friction circle constraints, and optimizing the allocation of tire force to improve stability. This paper builds a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test platform, designs test under high-speed obstacle avoidance conditions on low adhesion road surfaces, comparing with active front wheel steering control, to verify the effectiveness of the integrated motion control algorithm. The results indicate that the control algorithm proposed in this paper improves trajectory tracking accuracy and vehicle driving stability. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Distributed Chassis by Wire Integrated Motion control Model Predictive control Phase Plane

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Correlation Analysis of Drivers' Natural Driving Behavior Based on Kernel Density Estimation

SAE International journal of Sustainable Transportation, Ene...

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SAE International journal of Sustainable Transportation, Energy, Environment, and Policy 2023年第2期4卷

作者： Sun, Tianjun Hu, Hongyu Cai, Ronggui Yu, Tong Yu, Feng Jilin University Changsha Automobile Innovation Research Institute China Jilin University State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control China Jilin University College of Automotive Engineering China

To investigate the interplay between driver handling behaviors, this article collects data on vehicle kinematic parameters characterizing driver handling characteristics under natural driving, estimates the probability density curves of the parameters using the kernel density method, and fits the curve equations. On this basis, a percentile correlation analysis was performed between the parameters to obtain the influence relationship between the handling behaviors. The results show that longitudinal maneuvers are frequent and intense in the 0-10 km/h speed range, lateral maneuvers are more intense in the 10-30 km/h speed range, and the interaction between longitudinal and lateral maneuvers is more intense in the acceleration phase. This study enriches the natural driving dataset and illustrates the correlation of driving behavior under natural driving, providing a theoretical and data basis for the development of driver-oriented intelligent driving technologies. © 2023 SAE International. All rights reserved.

关键词： Curve fitting

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Ambient particle composition and toxicity in 31 major cities in China

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Fundamental Research 2024年第3期4卷 505-515页

作者： Lu Zhang Maosheng Yao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Current assessment of air quality or control effectiveness is solely based on particulate matter(PM)mass levels,without considering their toxicity differences in terms of health ***,we collected a total of 465 automo-bile air conditioning filters from 31 major Chinese cities to study the composition and toxicity of PM at a national *** assay showed that normalized PM toxicity(NIOG)in different Chinese cities varied greatly from the highest 4.99×10^(-3)for Changsha to the lowest 7.72×10^(-4)for ***0G values were observed to have significant correlations with annual PM_(10) concentration(r=-0.416,p=0.020)and some PM components(total fungi,so.2-and calcium element).The concentrations of different elements and water-soluble ions in PM also varied by several orders of magnitude for 31 cities in *** concentrations in PM analyzed using limulus amebocyte lysate assay ranged from 2.88 EU/mg PM(Hangzhou)to 62.82 EU/mg PM(Shijiazhuang)among 31 Chinese ***,real-time qPCR revealed 10~100-fold differences in total bacterial and fungal levels among 31 Chinese *** concentrations of chemical(water soluble ions and trace elements)and bi-ological(fungi,bacteria and endotoxin)components in PM were found to be significantly correlated with some meteorological factors and gaseous pollutants such as SO_(2).Our results have demonstrated that PM toxicity from 31 major cities varied greatly up to 6.5 times difference;and components such as fungi and SO_(4)^(2-)in PM could play important roles in the observed PM *** city-specific air pollution control strategy that integrates toxicity factors should be enacted in order to maximize health and economic *** work also provides a comprehensive view on the overall PM pollution situation in China.

关键词： PM toxicity Oxidative potential Biologicals Chemical components Endotoxin

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Synergetic PM_(2.5) and O_(3) control strategy for the Yangtze River Delta,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 281-291页

作者： Zhaoxin Dong Jia Xing Fenfen Zhang Shuxiao Wang Dian Ding Hongli Wang Cheng Huang Haotian Zheng Yueqi Jiang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

PM_(2.5)concentrations have dramatically reduced in key regions of China during the period 2013-2017,while O_(3)has *** there is an urgent demand to develop a synergetic regional PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control *** study develops an emission-to-concentration response surface model and proposes a synergetic pathway for PM_(2.5)and O_(3)control in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)based on the framework of the Air Benefit and Cost and Attainment Assessment System(ABaCAS).Results suggest that the regional emissions of NOx,SO_(2),NH3,VOCs(volatile organic compounds)and primary PM_(2.5)should be reduced by 18%,23%,14%,17%and 33%compared with 2017 to achieve 25%and 5% decreases of PM_(2.5)and O_(3)in 2025,and that the emission reduction ratios will need to be 50%,26%,28%,28% and 55%to attain the National Ambient Air Quality *** effectively reduce the O_(3) pollution in the central and eastern YRD,VOCs controls need to be strengthened to reduce O_(3)by 5%,and then NOx reduction should be accelerated for air quality ***,control of primary PM_(2.5)emissions shall be prioritized to address the severe PM_(2.5)pollution in the northern *** most cities in the YRD,the VOCs emission reduction ratio should be higher than that for NOx in Spring and *** control should be increased in summer rather than winter when a strong VOC-limited regime ***,regarding the emission control of industrial processes,on-road vehicle and residential sources shall be prioritized and the joint control area should be enlarged to include Shandong,Jiangxi and Hubei Province for effective O_(3)control.

关键词： PM_(2.5) O_(3) Response surface model Synergistic control pathway Cost-benefit analysis

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Assessing the effectiveness and mechanisms of Fe/PS, Fe/H_(2)O_(2), and O_(3) treatment for water disinfection: Spotlight on VBNC bacteria

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第6期152卷 389-400页

作者： Zheng Qi Zaihui Huang Chunguang Liu School of Environmental Science and Engineering Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment in Universities of ShandongShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Pollutant Prevention Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and HealthShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) exhibit significant potential forwater disinfection dueto their generation of large quantities of highly oxidizing free radicals. However, the neglectof viable but nonculturable (VBNC) cells obscures their true disinfection efficacy and potentialenvironmental health risks. Therefore, the study evaluated the disinfection effectivenessand mechanisms of typical AOPs, including Fe/H_(2)O_(2), Fe/persulfate (PS), and O_(3), fromthe perspective of the production of VBNC bacteria. The results indicate that Fe/PS exhibitsthe strongest bacterial inactivation rate (99.94%), and the cells lose their ability to ***/H_(2)O_(2) and O_(3) induce more cells to enter the VBNC state compared to Fe/PS. Moreover,different AOPs result in varying levels of free radical production and utilization efficiency,with SO(4)^(·−) and O_(3) exhibiting greater selectivity in deactivating bacteria comparedto HO^(·). The inhibition of VBNC bacteria production by Fe/PS treatment may be attributed tothe combined action of HO^(·) and SO(4)^(·−) on microorganisms, leading to oxidative stress andmetabolic disruption in bacteria through the inhibition of biofilm formation and aminoacyltRNAbiosynthesis (p < 0.05), thereby causing direct bacterial death rather than entry intothe VBNC state. In contrast, Fe/H_(2)O_(2) and O_(3) result in the upregulation of the metabolismof alanine, aspartate, and glutamate, as well as styrene degradation capacity by the bacteria,leading to the production of more VBNC bacteria. Overall, the study offers insights intomitigating potential biological risks in water disinfection and developing environmentallyfriendly and efficient disinfection technologies.

关键词： Advanced oxidation processes Disinfection Oxidative stress Reactive oxygen species Viable but nonculturable cells

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Study on the control Mechanism of DBD-PA on Near Wall Flow 5

Study on the Control Mechanism of DBD-PA on Near Wall Flow

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2023 5th International Conference on Modeling, simulation, Optimization and Algorithm, ICMSOA 2023

作者： Zhang, Yanghui Qian, Qiaochu Hu, Xingjun Systerm Overall Technical Department China North Vehicle Research Institute Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Automobile Simulation and Control Jilin University Jilin Changchun China

Based on the Shyy plasma simulation model, this paper studied the control mechanism of positive and reverse DBD-PA (dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuator) on near wall flow, and discussed the influence of incoming boundary layer thickness and parallel double DBD-PA on control effect. The results showed that: the positive DBD-PA had an obvious acceleration effect on the near wall flow field, and the acceleration effect first increased and then decreased;the reverse DBD-PA had an obvious deceleration effect on the near wall flow field, and the deceleration effect decreased gradually;increasing the thickness of the incoming boundary layer can improve the control effect, but the improvement effect is gradually reduced;when parallel double DBD-PA, the control effect of positive and reverse DBD-PA is improved by 88.7 % and 62.5 % respectively. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Flow fields

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Vehicle Platoon Motion Planning Based on Dual-Mode Strategy 1

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2023中国汽车工程学会年会暨展览会

作者： Lv Ying Sun Liangliang Li Haomiao Hu Hongyu He Lei Intelligent and Connected Vehicle Development Institute China FAW Corporation Limited State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Technology on Automobile Vibration and Noise & Safety Control State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin University

ISBN: (数字)9789819702527

ISBN: (纸本)9789819702510;9789819702541

Intelligent connected vehicle platooning technology utilizes vehicle-to-vehicle communication to enhance urban road efficiency and ensure driving *** paper focuses on the vehicle platoon motion planning algorithm,which constructs a reference path for platoon vehicles based on smoothed historical trajectory points of the lead *** algorithm generates path boundaries considering road and obstacle information,creates candidate paths using lateral and longitudinal sampling,and selects the optimal path using a cost function.A velocity planning algorithm is developed for platoon vehicles,incorporating dual-mode strategies for platoon cruise and obstacle avoidance based on different scenarios.A safety risk assessment is established,guiding the choice of speed planning ***-world experiments validate the planning outcomes,evaluating speed,acceleration,and inter-vehicle *** indicate well-smoothed trajectories with good comfort and safety attributes.

关键词： Intelligent connected vehicle Path planning Speed planning Vehicle platoon

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