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Non-contact video-based vital signs continuous monitor for uncontrained conscious rodents

IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 16628-16639页

作者： He, Yuke Gao, Tong Lv, Yong Zhang, Jingjing China University of Geoscienceis Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education School of Automation Wuhan430074 China

Animal experiments should minimize pain and discomfort and maximize animal welfare to satisfy the experimental animal 3R principle. The quality of vital signs monitor results collected from conscious and stress-free rodents is superior, ensuring experimental data's reliability, accuracy, and scientificity. This work proposes a non-contact video-based vital signs continuous monitoring method for uncontrained conscious rodents. Firstly, rodents are tracked using keypoint detection, and Regions of Interest (ROI) on the rodents are selected based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) distribution of vital signs. Secondly, corner motion within the ROI region is tracked to synthesize skin pulsations, from which respiratory signals are extracted. Finally, a method is proposed to eliminate the influence of respiratory harmonics, thereby removing respiratory interference and extracting the heart rate. Four rats and four mice were used to measure the performance of the proposed method. This work is the first to use a camera to continuously monitor the heart rate of unrestrained and conscious rodents. Compared with the ground truth (semi-implantable electrocardiogram), the relative heart rate (HR) error was 1.86 ± 0.82% and 1.20 ± 0.33% for rats and mice, respectively. This method is used for uncontrained conscious rodents and has high applicability, allowing it to be used in various experimental environments and conditions. At the same time, this work contributes to the development of new methods for continuously and objectively evaluating animal welfare, thereby promoting the development of modern biomedical and ethical research. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Invertebrates

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Time-Varying Formation Tracking Control of Heterogeneous Multi-Agent systems With Intermittent Communications and Directed Switching Networks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 294-296页

作者： Yuhan Wang Zhuping Wang Hao Zhang Huaicheng Yan the Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University the National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems the Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous System of Ministry of Education the College of Electronic and Information Engineering the Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University the Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes of Ministry of Education the School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology

Dear Editor,This letter is concerned with the problem of time-varying formation tracking for heterogeneous multi-agent systems(MASs) under directed switching networks. For this purpose, our first step is to present so... 详细信息

关键词： Switches Topology Observers Formation control Event detection Switched systems Multi-agent systems Control theory Autonomous systems Stability

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FDCPNet:feature discrimination and context propagation network for 3D shape representation

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虚拟现实与智能硬件(中英文) 2025年第1期7卷 83-94页

作者： Weimin SHI Yuan XIONG Qianwen WANG Han JIANG Zhong ZHOU State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Background Three-dimensional(3D)shape representation using mesh data is essential in various applications,such as virtual reality and simulation *** methods for extracting features from mesh edges or faces struggle with complex 3D models because edge-based approaches miss global contexts and face-based methods overlook variations in adjacent areas,which affects the overall *** address these issues,we propose the Feature Discrimination and Context Propagation Network(FDCPNet),which is a novel approach that synergistically integrates local and global features in mesh *** FDCPNet is composed of two modules:(1)the Feature Discrimination Module,which employs an attention mechanism to enhance the identification of key local features,and(2)the Context Propagation Module,which enriches key local features by integrating global contextual information,thereby facilitating a more detailed and comprehensive representation of crucial areas within the mesh *** Experiments on popular datasets validated the effectiveness of FDCPNet,showing an improvement in the classification accuracy over the baseline ***,even with reduced mesh face numbers and limited training data,FDCPNet achieved promising results,demonstrating its robustness in scenarios of variable complexity.

关键词： 3D shape representation Mesh model MeshNet Feature discrimination Context propagation

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Continuous Monitoring of Blood Pressure by Measuring Local Pulse Wave Velocity Using Wearable Micromachined Ultrasonic Probes

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 2025年第5期72卷 1615-1624页

作者： Zhou, Jie Qu, Mengjiao Liu, Weiting Wang, Yancheng Zhang, Guojun Zheng, Yinfei Xie, Jin Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang China North University of China State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology China Zhejiang University College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Zhejiang China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Hangzhou310027 China

Continuous monitoring of dynamic blood pressure (BP) is crucial for cardiovascular status analysis and holds significant value in the clinical prevention and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, existing methods are often limited by their bulky design and complex procedures, which are incompatible with the demands of smart, portable devices. Here, we present a wearable, non-invasive, and continuous BP monitoring system based on piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUT) with flexible encapsulation. This device is compact, lightweight (29 dB), enabling it to capture distinct echoes from different arterial sites. The system adopts ultrasonic pulse-echo to record arterial diameter waveforms from dual sites and calculates the incremental local pulse wave velocity (PWV) beat-to-beat to determine arterial stiffness index and BP. When benchmarked against a cuff sphygmomanometer, our device demonstrates a mean absolute error and standard deviation for systolic BP and diastolic BP measurements of less than 4 mmHg and 3 mmHg, respectively, and a heart rate error of less than 3 bpm. Compared with a photoplethysmography finger clip as waveform references, the correlation coefficients for all measurements range from 0.951 to 0.998, and the root mean square error falls within an error band of ±5 mmHg, validating the reliability and stability of our device. Furthermore, the capability to track large-range dynamic changes in BP is also verified, highlighting its potential for daily BP management. © 1964-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Blood pressure

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Mechanical Properties Inside Origami-Inspired Structures: An Overview

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Applied Mechanics Reviews 2025年第1期77卷 011001页

作者： Yan, Peng Huang, Hailin Meloni, Marco Li, Bing Cai, Jianguo Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518052 China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518052 China Key Laboratory of C & PC Structures of Ministry of Education National Prestress Engineering Research Center Southeast University Nanjing211189 China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Morphing Mechanisms and Adaptive Robotics Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518052 China Key University Laboratory of Mechanism Machine Theory and Intelligent Unmanned Systems of Guangdong Habin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518052 China

In recent decades, origami has transitioned from a traditional art form into a systematic field of scientific inquiry, characterized by attributes such as high foldability, lightweight frameworks, diverse deformation modes, and limited degrees-of-freedom. Despite the abundant literature on smart materials, actuation methods, design principles, and manufacturing techniques, comprehensive reviews focusing on the mechanical properties of origami-inspired structures are relatively rare and unsystematic. This review aims to fill this void by analyzing and summarizing the significant studies conducted on the mechanical properties of origami-inspired structures from 2013 to 2023. We begin with an overview that includes essential definitions of origami, classical origami patterns, and their associated tessellated or stacked structures. Following this, we delve into the principal dynamic modeling method for origami and conduct an in-depth analysis of the key mechanical properties of origami-inspired structures. These properties include tunable stiffness, bistability and multistability, metamechanical properties demonstrated by origami-based metamaterials, and bio-inspired mechanical properties. Finally, we conclude with a comprehensive summary that discusses the current challenges and future directions in the field of origami-inspired structures. Our review provides a thorough synthesis of both the mechanical properties and practical applications of origami-inspired structures, aiming to serve as a reference and stimulate further research. © 2025 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). All rights reserved.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Residential Energy Scheduling With Solar Energy Based on Dyna Adaptive Dynamic Programming

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 403-413页

作者： Kang Xiong Qinglai Wei Hongyang Li the Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology IEEE the State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Learning-based methods have become mainstream for solving residential energy scheduling problems. In order to improve the learning efficiency of existing methods and increase the utilization of renewable energy, we propose the Dyna actiondependent heuristic dynamic programming(Dyna-ADHDP)method, which incorporates the ideas of learning and planning from the Dyna framework in action-dependent heuristic dynamic programming. This method defines a continuous action space for precise control of an energy storage system and allows online optimization of algorithm performance during the real-time operation of the residential energy model. Meanwhile, the target network is introduced during the training process to make the training smoother and more efficient. We conducted experimental comparisons with the benchmark method using simulated and real data to verify its applicability and performance. The results confirm the method's excellent performance and generalization capabilities, as well as its excellence in increasing renewable energy utilization and extending equipment life.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) dynamic residential scenarios optimal residential energy management smart grid

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Decentralized Federated Learning Algorithm Under Adversary Eavesdropping

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 448-456页

作者： Lei Xu Danya Xu Xinlei Yi Chao Deng Tianyou Chai Tao Yang the State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University the Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University IEEE the Institute of Advanced Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In this paper, we study the decentralized federated learning problem, which involves the collaborative training of a global model among multiple devices while ensuring data *** classical federated learning, the communication channel between the devices poses a potential risk of compromising private information. To reduce the risk of adversary eavesdropping in the communication channel, we propose TRADE(transmit difference weight) concept. This concept replaces the decentralized federated learning algorithm's transmitted weight parameters with differential weight parameters, enhancing the privacy data against eavesdropping. Subsequently, by integrating the TRADE concept with the primal-dual stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm, we propose a decentralized TRADE primal-dual SGD algorithm. We demonstrate that our proposed algorithm's convergence properties are the same as those of the primal-dual SGD algorithm while providing enhanced privacy protection. We validate the algorithm's performance on fault diagnosis task using the Case Western Reserve University dataset, and image classification tasks using the CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets,revealing model accuracy comparable to centralized federated learning. Additionally, the experiments confirm the algorithm's privacy protection capability.

关键词： Adversary eavesdropping decentralized federated learning privacy protection stochastic gradient descent

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Attention-Modulated Feature Fusion Neural Network for Inverse Modeling of Microwave Filters

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IEEE Microwave and Wireless technology Letters 2025年第4期35卷 376-379页

作者： Guo, Linwei Cao, Weihua Hu, Wenkai Lu, Zhengyang Wu, Min China University of Geosciences School of Automation Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China

Inverse modeling is extensively applied in the design and tuning of microwave filters (MFs). Inverse models (IMs) take the features extracted from the high-dimensional electromagnetic parameters as input. How to make full use of features from multiple perspective is a critical issue for improving model accuracy. To solve it, this letter proposes an attention-modulated feature fusion neural network (AMFFNN). AMFFNN achieves multiperspective feature fusion (MPFF) at the input side and independent feature fusion (IFF) at the output side. In addition, feature fusion in AMFFNN is enhanced by attention modules to dynamically identify the importance of each feature. Statistical and comparative results of simulations demonstrate that AMFFNN outperforms existing methods in terms of accuracy, stability, and generalization. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Multi-objective concurrent isogeometric topology optimization of multiscale structures

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2025年第1期20卷 105-127页

作者： Jianli LIU Hongshuo FAN Tao NIE Haobo ZHANG Jingui YU Shuting WANG Zhaohui XIA State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

Multiscale structures require excellent multiphysical properties to withstand the loads in various complex engineering *** this study,a concurrent isogeometric topology optimization method is proposed to design multiscale structures with high thermal conductivity and low mechanical ***,the mathematical description model of multi-objective topology optimization for multiscale structures is constructed,and a single-objective concurrent isogeometric topology optimization formulation for mechanical and thermal compliance is ***,by combining the isogeometric analysis method,the material interpolation model and decoupled sensitivity analysis scheme of the objective function are established on macro and micro *** solid isotropic material with penalization method is employed to update iteratively the macro and microstructure topologies ***,the feasibility and advantages of the proposed approach are illustrated by several 2D and 3D numerical examples with different volume fractions,while the effects of volume fraction and different boundary conditions on the final configuration and multi-objective performance of the multiscale structure are *** show that the isogeometric concurrent design of multiscale structures through multi-objective optimization can produce better multi-objective performance compared with a single-scale one.

关键词： isogeometric topology optimization multiscale structure multi-objective optimization thermal conductivity mechanical compliance

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Interfacial coupling enables high carrier mobility in PbS colloidal quantum dot photodetectors

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Nano Research 2025年第3期18卷 619-630页

作者： Qing Li Lier Deng Yuxuan Du Shasha Chang Shuai Wen Rui Qin Jiuhong Wang Wenzhi Feng Boao Gu Huan Liu Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education&Thin Film and Optical Manufacturing Technology School of Opto-Electronic EngineeringXi'an Technological UniversityXi'an 710021China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Carrier transport in colloidal quantum dot(CQD)films is strongly influenced by the interfacial coupling between ***,the shape of PbS CQDs synthesized using traditional methods results in random orientation relationships between the crystal facets in CQD films,limiting the coupling strength and the final performance of optoelectronic *** this study,post-synthesis surface treatment of PbS CQDs was employed to achieve facet control during secondary growth,manipulating the facets of PbS CQDs at the nanoscale to enhance interfacial coupling within CQD ***,mixed ligands of PbX_(2)(X=Br,I)and anhydrous sodium acetate were used to passivate the PbS CQDs,ensuring sufficient *** method combines facet passivation with strong coupling through the(100)facets of CQDs,thereby enhancing carrier mobility and improving device *** results showed that,compared to standard PbS CQD films,the electron and hole mobilities of the PbS CQD films subjected to secondary growth were significantly improved,with hole mobility increased by 6 *** fabricated using these films achieved a quantum efficiency of 33%at 1500 nm under 0 V bias,a threefold improvement compared to standard devices.

关键词： interfacial coupling carrier mobility liquid-phase atomic layer deposition liquid-phase ligand exchange PbS colloidal quantum dot photodetectors

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