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The Aerobic Biodegradability of Mono-fluorophenols by the Activated Sludge

Journal of Donghua University 2006年第3期000卷

作者： ZHANG Chao-jie ZHOU Qi CHEN Ling YUAN Yuan State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092

By measuring the respiratory oxygen consumption, a study on the aerobic biodegradability of 2-fluorophenol, 3-fluorophenol and 4-fluorophenol was conducted using activated sludge acclimated by themselves respectively. The experimental results showed that bio-oxidation ratios of 2-fluorophenol, 3- fluorophenol and 4- fluorophenol were 25.30%, 35.28% and 36. 60% respectively, and the oxygen consuming rate constants were 0.009 3, 0.0133 and 0.0145 L/gSS· h respectively. The aerobic biodegradability of the mono-fluorophenols decreased in the order of 4- fluorophenol＞3 - fluorophenol ＞2 - fluorophenol, resulting mainly from the different octanol/water partition coefficient and the different steric parameter of the fluorophenols which can affect the penetration of fluorophenol into cell membrane.

关键词： aerobic biodegradability bio-oxidation ratio fluorophenols oxygen consuming rate constant

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Study on the bacteria's killing effect and organism' removal in the coagulation process

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Xi'an Jianzhu Keji Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology 2006年第3期38卷 437-440页

作者： Liu, Cheng Gao, Nai-Yun Huang, Ting-Lin Su, Ding-Jiang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China School of Enviv. and Muni. Eng. Xi'an Univ. of Arch. and Tech. Xi'an 710055 China

The thesis carried out a research on the removal effects of organics, bacterial, turbidity, THMFP with different coagulants using jar-testing. The result shows: Aluminum-Ferric Chloride Sulfate (AFCS) can remove the organics THMFP effectively. The coagulation process helps remove bacteria through two ways: the floes packing and direct killing. To decrease the quantity of bacteria to a proper degree can do favor to the disinfection process, and can be a part of optimization of disinfection.

关键词： Bacterial Coagulation The effect of killing bacterial

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Catastrophic model of water bloom breaking out of eutrophication waters

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Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue/China Environmental Science 2006年第1期26卷 125-128页

作者： Chen, Yun-Feng Yin, Fu-Cai Lu, Gen-Fa State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Anhui Academy for Environment Science Research Hefei 230061 China

Facing the serious situation of lakes and reservoirs, the prevention and control of algae water bloom was an urgent matter;while the effective premonition of the water bloom based on the eutrophication status quo was the important basic work of preventing and controlling the water bloom. The systemic analysis of the water quality data of certain south reservoir in the years 1991-2004 found that the evolution rule of the April TP and Chla indexes at the reservoir bend monitor section fitted cusp model characteristics of catastrophe theory. As viewed from the aquatic ecosystem, TP, N:P, Chla and DO, four most outstanding factors influencing the eutrophication and water bloom of this reservoir, were synthetically considered;the cusp model of water bloom catastrophe of this reservoir was constructed. Through test the relative error of the model was controlled less than 5% possessing better modeling precision. Based on distinguishing the model catastrophe, the aquatic ecosystem of the reservoir happened catastrophe in the year 1997, this simulating conclusion echoed with the catastrophe distinguishing conclusion of TP index, judged that the first outbreak of water bloom would happen in 1997 in the reservoir. The conclusion was consistent with the fact of water bloom breaking out for the first time in 1997 in the reservoir.

关键词： Catastrophe theory Cusp model Eutrophication Reservoir Water bloom

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Water quality risk assessment for sediment dredging operations, wulihu in taihu lake

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Huanjing Kexue/Environmental Science 2006年第10期27卷 1946-1952页

作者： Liu, Ai-Ju Kong, Fan-Xiang Wang, Dong State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

To assess impacts and risks of sediments dredging on water environmental quality of Wulihu Lake, the principal components analysis method and the Monte Carlo romantic sampling model were used. Five principal constituents of Wulihu Lake were generalized and defined by using sixteen water quality index data, and it was studied the characteristics of the variation of every principal component and the comprehensive component with sediment dredging. The result show that during sediment dredging the water quality of Wulihu Lake were more serious, and the values of the comprehensive component and the principal component Fl increased to the highest level, were 1.15 and 5.0, respectively. This indicated that sediment dredging had great impacts on the water environment of Wulihu Lake, including sediment re-suspension, water transparency decrease, release of the internal nutrients and heavy metal ions etc. The risk of heavy metal release from re-suspended sediments and its certainty level were assessed and forecasted with the equilibrium partitioning model and the Monte Carlo romantic sampling method. The results also suggested that during sediment dredging, most of heavy metal ions have a great risk of release from re-suspended sediments with the certainty level over 90%;especially for Ni2+ and As, the release levels of which were 28.6% ~ + infinity of EQS and 34% ~ + infinity of EQS, respectively. Thus, sediment dredging would cause a temporary risk of water quality deterioration in Wulihu Lake. Others, the application of Monte Carlo sampling model may offer a new tool to assess a potential risk of deteriorations in water environment with sediments dredging.

关键词： Dredging Equilibrium portioning model Principal components analysis Risk assessment Taihu Lake

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Study on advanced treatment of raw water of Huangpu River by combination process of PAC and UF

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Shenyang Jianzhu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science) 2006年第5期22卷 799-803页

作者： Fan, Maojun Zhang, Dong Fu, Jinxiang Le, Linsheng Gao, Naiyun State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Shibei Co. Ltd. Shanghai Municipal Waterworks Shanghai 200082 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu University Shenyang 110168 China

The purpose of the study is to enhance the eliminating efficiency of the dissolved organic substance in original water of Huangpu River so as to obtain the high quality tap water. A combination of powder activated carbon (PAC) and ultrafiltration (UF) is used to have an advanced treatment on the original water of Huangpu river. The result shows that the eliminating ratio is respectively 33.5%, 40.67%, 25% to CODMn, UV254 and TOC under the conditions of 22.0 mg/L powder activated carbon added in water, which can meet the national standard. This technique can guarantee the water-yielding turbines effectively and reduce the mutagenic activity. Therefore, it is feasible to use the combination of PAC and UF to have a deep treatment on the original water of Huangpu River.

关键词： Water treatment

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Influence of sediment dredging on the ecotoxic effect of lake sediments

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Zhongguo Huanjing Kexue/China Environmental Science 2006年第5期26卷 565-569页

作者： Liu, Ai-Ju Kong, Fan-Xiang Shi, Xiao-Li Yu, Yang Tan, Xiao Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

The ecotoxicities of the extracted liquor and whole sediment in Wulihu Lake before and after dredging were studied and analyzed, adopting the freshwater sediment quality guidelines and the microbial toxicity test technique. The total content of each heavy metal pollutant in sediment was all reduced after dredging;but the contents of chromium, lead and nickel were still distributed in the grey area between the threshold effect low value (TEL) and the possible effect level value (PEL);and still would produce bad effect on waters ecosystem;the EC50 value of luminescences test in the sediment extracted liquor was reduced about 50% at one month after dredging;toxicity increased near one time;the EC50 values of the whole sediment bacteria toxicity test were reduced 11%-30% compared with these before dredging;and there was also a marked decrease of EC50 value of the toxicity test of the whole sediment crescent algae.

关键词： Dredging Luminescent bacteria method Sediment quality guidelines Toxicity Whole sediment microbe test

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Holographic QSAR of environmental estrogens

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第2期48卷 156-161页

作者： WANG Xiaodong XIAO Qianfen CUI Shihai LIU Shushen YIN Daqiang WANG Liansheng State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources ReuseSchool of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources ReuseSchool of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources ReuseSchool of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources ReuseSchool of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources ReuseSchool of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Experimental and epidemiological studies suggest that some man-made and natu- rally occurring chemicals related to the environment have the potential to interrupt normal func- tioning of the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife. These chemicals, termed EDCs (Endo- crine disrupting Chemicals), pose serious threats to the reproductive capability of humans and wildlife. Because of the structural diversity and various types, development of structure-based rapid screening methodologies is important and necessary for the assessment of the environ- mental pollutants. In this paper molecular hologram based QSAR models were developed with the combinatory application of partial least square (PLS) regression for a large diverse set of 105 environmental estrogens. Quantitatively predictive models were developed based on only mo- lecular structures, which can be used for the accurate prediction of estrogenicity to rapidly screen potential environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals.

关键词： EDCs, RBA, molecular hologram, QSAR, CoMFA.

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Influence of the environmental behavior and ecological effect of cropland heavy metal contaminants by CO_2 enrichment in atmosphere

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2006年第B08期25卷 212-212页

作者： Hongyan GUO Haixia JIA Jianguo ZHU Xiaorong WANG State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

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Modeling of membrane flux in surface water treatment by ultrafiltration

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Shenyang Jianzhu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science) 2006年第2期22卷 303-306页

作者： Xia, Sheng-Ji Xu, Bin Yan, Dong-Han Li, Gui-Bai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute Shanghai 200092 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

Prediction of flux decline for ultrafiltration and generally all membrane applications is very important both for the assessments of overall productivity, optimization, automation and for scaling up these systems. Surface water is purified by ultrafiltration membrane to produce drinking water. The membrane flux decreases with increasing turbidity and there is a somehow linear relationship between membrane flux and the log of turbidity. Mathematic model is built to predict the membrane flux based on this. The parameters which concern the model were raw water quality (turbidity), operation pressure and temperature. The result shows that the model can well predict the membrane flux.

关键词： Ultrafiltration

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Joint estimation of carrier frequency offset and IQ imbalance for 4G mobile wireless systems

Joint estimation of carrier frequency offset and IQ imbalanc...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Stefaan De Rore Eduardo Lopez-Estraviz Francois Horlin Liesbet Van Der Perre Interuniversity Micro-Electronics Center (IMEC) Wireless Research Group Kapeldreef 75 B-3001 Leuven Belgium. stefaan.derore@imec.be Wireless Research Group Inter University Micro Electronics Center Leuven Belgium Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Tongji University Shanghai China Interuniversity Micro-Electronics Center (IMEC) Wireless Research Group Kapeldreef 75 B-3001 Leuven Belgium

In the context of 4G wireless mobile systems with direct conversion receivers, an new algorithm for carrier frequency offset (CFO) and IQ-imbalance estimation and compensation at the receiver is proposed. All processing for estimation and compensation of both CFO and IQ-imbalance is done in the time domain. Because the CFO is estimated while taking into account the presence of IQ-imbalance, a very precise estimate of the CFO can be obtained, even in the presence of large IQ-imbalance. The algorithm uses a repetitive low peak-to-average preamble sequence. At the transmitter, in order to improve the estimation result, an artificial CFO is digitally super-imposed on a part of the preamble sequence. The new algorithm yields better results than existing CFO estimation algorithms for SNRs where the IQ imbalance is dominant over the Gaussian noise. The structure of the preamble also allows an effective IQ-imbalance estimation.

关键词： Frequency estimation Multiaccess communication Phase estimation Iterative algorithms Frequency synchronization Detectors Temperature measurement Rotation measurement Phase measurement Iterative methods

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