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Climate change projections for Diamer Division in lesser Himalayas using multi-global climate model ensemble

Environmental Science and pollution Research 2025年第3期32卷 1668-1680页

作者： Ahmad, Didar Faridullah, Faridullah Irshad, Muhammad Bacha, Aziz Ur Rahim Hafeez, Farhan Iqbal, Akhtar Ullah, Zahid Afridi, Muhammad Naveed Alrefaei, Abdulwahed Fahad Nazir, Rashid Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad22060 Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Prevention and Control School of Eco-Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen518055 China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai200433 China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan430074 China Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia

Pakistan, like many other regions around the world, is experiencing the impacts of climate change, particularly in its northern region. These changes have adverse impacts on ecosystems and biodiversity. Herein, we have investigated future projections of temperature and precipitation trends for three periods historical (HT = 1975–2005), near-term (NT = 2010–2029), and mid-term (MT = 2030–2050) using climate model intercomparison projects along with global climate models (GCMs) including RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The historical records spanning from 1975 to 2005 reveal that the Chilas region has a notable rise of 8 °C in maximum temperature (Tmax), whereas the Astore district exhibited a trend of decreasing temperatures. When examining the projected temperature trends using GCMs (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), the Chilas region is predicted to undergo a further increase of 6 °C in Tmax. In contrast, the Babusar region is projected to observe a significant decrease of 2 °C for the period between 2010 and 2050. Additionally, the precipitation results obtained from historical-based analysis for the period 1975 to 2005 indicated that the Babusar area exhibited increased precipitation patterns to 20 mm on an annual basis. Similarly, the Astore region has the most significant decline in precipitation, with a reduction of 40 mm annually. The predicted precipitation patterns for the period between 2010 and 2050 under the RCP8.5 revealed that the Babusar region has maximum precipitation (25 mm). Conversely, the Astore region exhibited reduced precipitation patterns, recording minimum precipitation (40 mm). In the results from RCP4.5, the precipitation showed a similar pattern with a maximum of 35 mm and a minimum of 15 mm in the Babusar and Astore, respectively. The region’s glaciers, snow cover, and land use systems are deteriorated by these changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. The increased winter and decreased summer precipitation under varied temperatures and precipitation cau

关键词： Miocene

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Peroxymonosulfate enhanced photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants and simultaneously cathodic recycling of silver

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第10期34卷 74-83页

作者： Huixin Shao Xia Li Juanjuan Zhang Xu Zhao Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Beijing Capital Co.Ltd. Beijing 100028China

Degradation of organic contaminants with simultaneous recycling of Ag+from silvercontaining organic wastewater such as photographic effluents is desired. Although photoelectrocatalysis(PEC) technology is a good candidate for this type of wastewater, its reaction kinetics still needs to be improved. Herein, peroxymonosulfate(PMS) was employed to enhance the PEC kinetics for oxidation of phenol(PhOH) at the anode and reduction of Ag^(+) at the cathode. The degradation efficiency of phenol(PhOH, 0.1 mmol/L) was increased from 42.8% to 96.9% by adding 5 mmol/L PMS at a potential of 0.25 V. Meanwhile, the Ag(by wt%)deposited on the cathode was 28.1%(Ag_(2)O) in PEC process, while that of Ag(by wt%) was 69.7%(Ag^(0)) by adding PMS. According to the electrochemistry analysis, PMS, as photoelectrons acceptor, enhances the separation efficiency of charges and the direct hoxidation of Ph OH at the photoanode. Meantime, the increasing cathode potential avoided Hevolution and strongly alkaline at the surface of cathode, thus enabling the deposition of Ag+in the form of metallic silver with the help of PMS. In addition, PMS combined with PEC process was effective in treating photographic effluents.

关键词： Peroxymonosulfate Photoelectrocatalysis Organic contaminants degradation Silver recycling Photographic effluents

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Exogenous Application of Hesperidin Ameliorates Chromium Toxicity in Wheat Irrigated with Tannery Wastewater

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第3期94卷 929-951页

作者： Gohar Ayoub Shafaqat Ali Muhammad Arslan Ashraf Shoaib Ahmad Mohamed A.El-Sheikh Department of Environmental Sciences Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Biological Sciences and Technology China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Botany Government College University FaisalabadFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Plant Biotechnology College of Life SciencesKorea UniversitySeoul02841Republic of Korea State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Botany and Microbiology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Chromium (Cr), a persistent soil pollutant, has detrimental effects on plants and living things, and its contamination in soil increased as a result of human-induced activities. Pakistan suffers from a lack of fresh water supplies;hence most people use metal-containing water and wastewater to irrigate their crops. Exposure to Cr toxicity, the plant reduces their morphological and physiological growth which ultimately decreases crop productivity. The current study was designed to investigate the foliar application of hesperidin (HSP) at varying effluent rates (25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L^(−1)) on wheat growth under tannery wastewater irrigated soil. Cr toxicity caused a change in the concentration of chlorophyll molecules, indicating early signs of stress. Modifications in the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, the elevated activity of chlorophyllase, and the generation of reactive oxygen species were causing the reduction in chlorophyll. Cr stress disrupted total soluble protein concentrations and the activity of antioxidation-related enzymes and NRA, suggesting the onset of oxidative stress. On the other hand, the application of HSP reduced oxidative damage by improving protein concentration (37%), chlorophyll concentration (37%), and antioxidant enzyme activity such as CAT (65%), SOD (46%), and POD (68%). Furthermore, HSP raised the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules, which may indicate better redox homeostasis and stress tolerance. These molecules include GSH, GSSG, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, phenolics, and anthocyanins. HSP therapy lessened the impact of Cr stress on lipid peroxidation markers. HSP enhanced these measures during the investigation. Cr stress raised the concentrations of total free amino acids and nitrogen oxide and decreased the radical scavenging activity in wheat. Cr stress raised the concentration of all soluble sugars, primarily reducing and non-reducing sugars, whereas the application of HSP strengthened these osmo protectants e

关键词： Chlorophyll concenttration foliar application hesperidin heavy metal.oxidant SPAD stress wheat crop

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Degradation of Enrofloxacin Antibiotic by Ultraviolet Activated Persulfate Advanced Oxidation Process: Inorganic Anions Effects and Mechanisms 6th

Degradation of Enrofloxacin Antibiotic by Ultraviolet Activa...

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6th International Symposium on Water resource and Environmental Management, WREM 2023

作者： Chen, Juxiang Wang, Kai Xie, Wanying Gao, Yuqiong Liao, Zhenliang Gao, Naiyun College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Xinjiang University Xinjiang Urumqi830017 China School of Environment and Architecture Shanghai University of Technology Shanghai200093 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031559884

Enrofloxacin (ENR) is continually detected in natural water environment, becoming one threaten if treating untimely. Performance and mechanism of ENR degradation by ultraviolet (UV)/persulfate (PDS) technology was systematically investigated. Degradation efficiency by UV/PDS was 5.4 times of UV alone, due to the higher rate constant (kobs) of 5.848 × 10–2 min−1. Quencher experiments showed, ·SO4- and ·OH were the major free radicals generated by UV/PDS, and the corresponding contribution rate on degrading ENR was 65.2 and 17.2%. Results of electrical energy per order (EE/O) demonstrated, UV/PDS was less energy consumption and more economical. Moreover, when high concentration of Cl- (10 mM) or low concentration of NO3- (1 mM) co-existed with ENR, the degradation capability by UV/PDS process was slightly promoted, while the negatively effect of CO32- was obvious. Using density functional theory (DFT) and Fukui functions to analyze the possible active sites of ENR, and the results illustrated that C28 and C30 on piperazine ring of ENR was attacked by UV/PDS process, according to the effect of substitution and de-alkylation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Free radicals

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Selective oxidation of emerging contaminants in sewer overflows: insights into the role of molecular structure

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 516卷

作者： Guo, Qian Xu, Zuxin Chu, Wenhai Zhang, Jingyi Ren, Xueer Templeton, Michael R. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom

Sewer overflows are an important source of emerging contaminants (ECs) into to receiving waters. Efficient and selective oxidation of ECs is significant. Herein, the Fe(Ⅵ)/Fe(Ⅲ)/peroxymonosulfate(PMS)/sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) reaction system was proposed for the degradation of nine ECs in overflows. The target ECs were effectively degraded with a variation in the pseudo-first-order rate constant (kobs) due to the structure–activity relationship. The pollutants with electron-donating groups, high energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (EHOMO), and low energy gap were more susceptible to attack, while electron-withdrawing groups impeded the degradation process. The benzene rings on pollutants were susceptible to attack by SO4∙-. The contribution of ClO∙ was related to the presence of –NH2 on pollutants. The electron-rich moieties were vulnerable to attack by 1O2. Notably, phosphate in the overflows can effectively activate PMS to produce more SO4∙-, which enhanced the pollutant degradation mediated by SO4∙-. Different pathways were involved in the degradation of pollutants even if they had the same parent structure, and the toxicity of the degradation intermediates was reduced compared to the parent. This study deepens the understanding of the relationship between molecular structure and pollutant degradation, which can provide guidance for the selective oxidation of ECs. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Molecular orbitals

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Effect of Pre-Stage Thermal Hydrolysis on the Yield, Chemical Composition, and Thermal Decomposition of Sewage Sludge Hydrochar

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Xiaoguang Yuan, Shijie Dai, Xiaohu State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai200092 China

Hydrothermal carbonization has attracted considerable interest in sewage sludge treatment. However, it suffers from a low degree of carbonization due to limited hydrolysis of carbohydrates and proteins. In this study, pre-stage thermal hydrolysis was adopted to increase the degree of carbonization and obtain high quality hydrochar with low nitrogen and sulfur content. The nitrogen and sulfur content in hydrochars with pre-stage thermal hydrolysis decreased to 1.46-1.63 from 1.71, and to 0.38-0.41 from 0.53, respectively. Thermal decomposition stability of hydrochars were improved with thermal hydrolysis as well. The two major reactions occurred during thermal hydrolysis at 90 oC and 125 oC were decomposition of particulate matter and further oxidation by free radicals, which enhanced organic matter solubilization, reduced the polymerization degree of sewage sludge, and promoted hydrolysis, dehydration, and the Diels-Alder reaction during hydrothermal carbonization, resulting in lower hydrochar yield and higher H/C and O/C atomic ratio. The Maillard reaction occurred during pre-stage thermal hydrolysis at 155 oC led to the formation of large molecular refractory compounds, which retained in the hydrochar and increased the hydrochar yield. Compared to hydrochars with pre-stage thermal hydrolysis at 90 oC and 125 oC, the energy retention of hydrochar with pre-stage thermal hydrolysis at 155 oC was higher, because of higher C, H, N, and O contents and hydrochar yield. Furthermore, pre-stage thermal hydrolysis can accelerate pyrolysis reaction of hydrochars, thus reducing energy consumption. The results of this study could provide valuable, quantitative information for a deeper understanding of hydrothermal carbonization process for sludge treatment. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sewage sludge

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Nitrated and parent PAHs in the surface water of Lake Taihu,China:Occurrence,distribution,source,and human health risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 159-169页

作者： Jijie Kong Yuxuan Dai Mengshu Han Huan He Jiapeng Hu Junyi Zhang Junzhe Shi Qiming Xian Shaogui Yang Cheng Sun The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Ecological and Resource Engineering Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green TechnologyWuyi UniversityWuyishan 354300China Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Centre Wuxi 214121China

Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(NPAHs)have toxic potentials that are higher than those of their corresponding parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and thus have received increasing attention in recent *** this study,the occurrence,distribution,source,and human health risk assessment of 15 NPAHs and 16 PAHs were investigated in the surface water from 20 sampling sites of Lake Taihu during the dry,normal,and flood seasons of *** PAH concentrations ranged from 255 to 7298 ng/L and the NPAH concentrations ranged from not-detected(ND)to 212 ng/*** the target analytes,2-nitrofluorene(2-n Flu)was the predominant NPAH,with a detection frequency ranging from 85%to 90%and a maximum concentration of 56.2 ng/*** three-ringed and four-ringed NPAHs and PAHs comprised the majority of the detected *** terms of seasonal variation,the highest levels of the NPAHs and PAHs were in the dry season and flood season,*** ratio analysis indicated that the prime source of NPAHs was direct combustion,whereas in the case of PAHs the contribution was predominantly from a mixed pattern including pollution from unburned petroleum and petroleum *** human health risk of NPAHs and PAHs was evaluated using a lifetime carcinogenic risk assessment *** carcinogenic risk level of the targets ranged from 2.09×10^(-7)to 5.75×10^(-5)and some surface water samples posed a potential health risk.

关键词： Nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Surface water Occurrence Seasonal variation Human health risk assessment

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Waste Biomass-Derived Biochar in Adsorption-Photocatalytic Conversion of Co2 for Sustainable Energy and Environment: Evaluation, Mechanism, and Life Cycle Assessment

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wei, Xiaoqian Zhang, Xueyang Jin, Li Yang, Xianli Zou, Weixin Gao, Bin Dong, Lin State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Engineering Xuzhou University of Technology Xuzhou221018 China School of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Biochar is an environmentally friendly material with great potential for carbon capture and storage. As the first of its kind, waste biomass-derived biochar was utilized to convert CO2 into fuel in solar. Herein, among four representatives herbaceous, woody, sludge, and manure wastes, the pine sawdust-derived biochar produced the highest CO assisted by higher CO2 adsorption, more than 10 times higher than that of graphene and activated carbon. The function groups of carbonyl and carboxyl on biochar controlled the CO2 capture and solar conversion by decreasing adsorption and activation energies of CO2 molecules. The biochar performed even better for 15% CO2/N2 atmosphere, a typical CO2 concentration in the flue gas, demonstrating its promising potential in waste gas resource utilization. The life-cycle assessment indicates that feedstock with more cellulose and lignin provide better environmental and economic benefits. The work highlights a sustainability pathway for waste biomass-derived biochar in CO2-to-fuel under ambient conditions. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Acceleration of floc-water separation and floc reduction with magnetic nanoparticles during demulsification of complex waste cutting emulsions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第3期32卷 80-89页

作者： Yongjiao Xiong Xiangfeng Huang Bin Lu Baoqiang Wu Lijun Lu Jia Liu Kaiming Peng College of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water EnvironmentShanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological SecurityTongji UniversityShanghai200092China

Waste cutting emulsions are difficult to treat efficiently owing to their complex composition and stable emulsified *** an important treatment method for emulsions,chemical demulsification is faced with challenges such as low flocs-water separation rates and high sludge ***,in this study,Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)were used to enhance chemical demulsification performance for treating waste cutting emulsions under a magnetic *** addition of MNPs significantly decreased the time required to attain sludge-water separation and sludge compression equilibrium,from 210 to 20 *** addition,the volume percentage of sludge produced at the equilibrium state was reduced from 45% to 10%.This excellent flocculation-separation performance was stable over a pH range of *** magnetization of the flocculants and oil droplets to form a flocculant-MNP-oil droplet composite,and the magnetic transfer of the composite were two key processes that enhanced the separation of cutting ***,the interactions among MNPs,flocculants,and oil droplets were important in the magnetization process,which was controlled by the structures and properties of the three *** the magnetic field,the magnetized flocculant-MNP-oil droplet composites were considerably accelerated and separated from water,and the sludge was simultaneously ***,this study expands the applicability of magnetic separation techniques in the treatment of complex waste cutting emulsions.

关键词： Waste cutting emulsion Magnetic nanoparticle Flocculation Separation Acceleration

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Molybdenum phosphide(MoP) with dual active sites for the degradation of diclofenac in Fenton-like system

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第3期33卷 1321-1324页

作者： Xiuying Li Shuangqiu Huang Huaihao Xu Yuepeng Deng Zhu Wang Zhao-Qing Liu Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta Ministry of EducationGuangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and MaterialsInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater BayGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute of Clean Energy and MaterialsGuangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and MaterialsKey Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River DeltaMinistry of EducationGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The leaching and non-recoverability of mental ions have always limited the practical application of Fenton-like processes. For the first time, we synthesized molybdenum phosphide (MoP) with dual active sites for the degradation of diclofenac (DCF) in the Fenton-like process. The DCF degradation rate constant (k) of MoP + H_(2)O_(2) process was calculated to be 0.13 min^(-1) within 40 min, indicating a highly efficient catalytic ability of MoP. In addition, this catalyst exhibits a stable structure and good activity, which could apply in a broad pH range, different ions solution and real wastewater condition. Accordingly, this efficient catalytic capability may be attributed to the presence of the metal sites Mo^(δ+) and the electron-rich sites P^(δ-) in MoP, which could induce the generation of hydroxyl radical (^(·)OH) and superoxide radical (^(·)O_(2)^(-)) through electron transfer, resulting in the effective removal of DCF. This study provides an idea for the optimization of Fenton-like technologies and environmental remediation.

关键词： MoP Dual active sites Fenton-like Diclofenac degradation

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