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Simultaneous Elimination of Sulfamethoxazole, Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Resistance Genes by Mgfe2O4/Mgo Modified Biochar Activated Peroxymonosulfate: Performance, Mechanism and Application Potential

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wang, Xuejiang Wang, Guanlu Sun, Zhenhua Liu, Yiyang Chen, Xi Yan, Changchun State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Laboratory of Solid Waste Environmental Risk Control Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science Guangzhou510045 China Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai200233 China

The extensive utilization of antibiotics has resulted in an escalation of antibiotic resistance (AR), which represent a significant threat to human health. In this study, a MgFe2O4/MgO modified biochar (MMFBC) activated peroxymonosulfate oxidation system (MMFBC/PMS) was constructed to eliminate sulfamethoxazole (SMX), antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) simultaneously. Experimental results demonstrated that the oxidation system was capable of fully inactivating E. coli DH5α within 30 min, and the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) frequency of sulfonamides ARG (sul1) was decreased to the lowest level within just 2 min ([MMFBC] = 0.4 g/L, [PMS] = 1.0 mM, initial E. coli DH5α concentration: ~ 108 CFU/mL). Meanwhile, the MMFBC/PMS could achieve synchronous removal of SMX within 30 min ([SMX] = 20 mg/L). Singlet oxygen (1O2) was the primary reactive oxygen species for the disinfection process. From the perspective of time evolution, the mechanism underlying simultaneous elimination of ARB and ARGs were analyzed. It was found that proteins were preferentially damaged, and the leakage of cellular contents due to membrane impairment played an important role in the initial decrease of HGT frequency. Furtherly, the system was implemented for treatment of actual livestock wastewater to assess its application potential. The metagenomic analysis revealed that MMFBC/PMS treatment effectively achieved sterilization, and led to a significant reduction in the relative abundance of HGT-related functional genes and ARGs. Overall, this work provided a practical approach to control AR and new insights for improvement of disinfection efficiency. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Escherichia coli

Acceleration of Start-Up of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor at Low Temperature by Adding Specialized Quorum Sensing Bacteria

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Fu, Hui-Min Wang, Jinfeng Ren, Hongqiang Ding, Lili State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Jiangsu Nanjing210023 China

This study aims to accelerate biofilm formation and operational performance of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) at 5 ℃ by adding specialized Quorum Sensing bacteria (sphingomonas rubra BH3T). Results showed that bio augmented MBBR (RS) achieved a higher COD and NH4+-N removal rate (93% and 75%), which in accordance with its increased biofilm thickness, higher biofilm activity, and nitrifying bacteria abundance (Nitrospira). The increased biofilm thickness during the whole operating time, accompanied by more potent adhesion force, was related to increased polysaccharides and proteins in the biofilm. Pyrosequencing analysis indicated that BH3T contributed to higher species richness and triggered the rapid growth of precursor microorganisms (Nakamurella, Micropruina, and Zoogloea) and the enrichment of multifunctional microorganisms (Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Arcobacter, Dechloromonas, and Flavobacterium) at low temperatures. This study provides an economical and practical new insight into accelerating start-up of MBBR system at low temperature. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature

control locations confuse evaluation of passivation effects of iron-based biochar and selenium applications on wheat grain cadmium accumulation in a Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soil

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Pedosphere 2025年第3期35卷 549-559页

作者： JING, Feng GAO, Yan LI, Hongbo FAN, Guangping ZHANG, Qingya GAO, Xuezhen ZHOU, Dongmei State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China Jiangsu DDBS Environmental Remediation Co. Ltd. Nanjing 210012 China

Inhibiting cadmium (Cd) accumulation in wheat grains could reduce the risk of human exposure to Cd. This study conducted a field experiment and evaluated the effects of iron (Fe)-based biochar and selenium (Se) applications alone or in combination on Cd accumulation in wheat grains in a Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soil of rice-wheat rotation farmland. Considering soil Cd heterogeneity in the field, we set up 22 replicates of control (CK) and three replicates of each Fe-based biochar and/or Se treatment. Results clearly showed that the CK locations could greatly affect the evaluation of whether the difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between treatments and CK was significant. There was an insignificant difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between the treatment and the adjacent CK replicates. Although soil Se application at 2 mg kg⁻¹ and foliar Se application at 4 mg L⁻¹ significantly increased the grain Se concentration as compared with the adjacent CK replicates, they still could not reduce the Cd concentration in wheat grains. However, when compared to the CK replicates that had the highest grain Cd concentration, foliar and soil applications of Se could significantly reduce the wheat grain Cd concentration by 47.7% and 41.3%–46.1%, respectively. No matter which CK replicates were selected, the application of Fe-based biochar had no significant impact on Cd accumulation in wheat grains, and there was no significant difference in diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-Cd concentration between the Fe-based biochar treatment and adjacent CK replicates. In conclusion, applying Fe-based biochar and Se in the field could not reduce the Cd accumulation in wheat grains in Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soils. © 2025 Soil Science Society of China

关键词： field experiment foliar Se application Se accumulation soil Cd heterogeneity toxic metal wheat Cd

Paired electrochemical N−N coupling: potential-mediated selective electrosynthesis of azoxy aromatics plus 5,5′-azotetrazolate energetic materials in aqueous media

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年 107卷 861-871页

作者： Xiong, Dengke He, Xiaoyang Liu, Xuan Tu, Zhentao Xue, Shujie Wang, Jianying Wu, Deli Chen, Zuofeng Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science & Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Azoxy aromatics are extensively utilized in materials science, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic chemistry, but their controlled and environmentally-friendly synthesis has rarely been reported. Herein, a potential-mediated electrosynthesis strategy was developed by selective reduction of 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol (4-NBA) on Mn-doped Ni2P nanosheets@nickel foam (Mn-Ni2P/NF), enabling efficient N−N coupling to produce Azoxy with 100% selectivity at potentials of −0.6 to −0.8 V (vs. Hg/HgO). At more cathodic potentials, the product was converted to Azo and then to amino aromatics due to facilitated nitrogen hydrogenation. Additionally, the organic energetic material, 5,5′-azotetrazolate, was also synthesized by anodic N−N coupling of 5-amino-1H-tetrazole on Cu(OH)2 nanowires@copper foam (Cu(OH)2/CF). It bypassed harsh conditions (strong oxidants, high temperature, by-products separation, etc.) for the traditional synthesis of this class of materials. As a consequence, a two-electrode electrolyzer Cu(OH)2/CF||Mn-Ni2P/NF was assembled, allowing paired electrochemical N−N coupling into Azoxy and 5,5′-azotetrazolate. It achieves a current density of 50 mA cm−2 at a voltage of only 1.19 V, 880 mV lower than the competitive water splitting. This electrolyzer can be efficiently driven by a 1.2 V solar panel with excellent yield and selectivity, paving the way for green synthesis of valuable chemicals through electrochemical N−N coupling strategies. © 2025 Science Press

关键词： Green Synthesis

Harnessing conductive materials for sustainable food waste treatment: Comparative evaluation of biochar and magnetite in volatile fatty acid production

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Journal of Environmental Management 2025年 387卷 125887页

作者： Zheng, Xiong Zhao, Zhengzheng Zhu, Zizeng Wu, Yang Long, Min Chen, Yinguang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai200092 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urban Renewal and Spatial Optimization Technology Shanghai200092 China

Anaerobic fermentation offers a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to converting food waste (FW) into high-value volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Although both carbon- and metal-based conductive materials can enhance VFAs yields during FW fermentation, a comprehensive comparison of these materials and their underlying mechanisms remains unexplored, limiting their practical selection and application. This study systematically investigated the differences between biochar and magnetite, which are representative carbon- and metal-based conductive materials, in promoting VFAs production during FW fermentation. The results indicated that VFAs yields increased by 106 % and 81.2 % in the presence of biochar and magnetite, respectively, compared to the control, with notable enhancements during critical fermentation stages, including solubilization, hydrolysis, and acidification. Microbial analysis demonstrated that biochar more effectively enriched electroactive bacteria with acid-forming functions (e.g., Clostridium was enriched 1.3-fold more than in the control) compared to magnetite. Additionally, biochar more efficiently upregulated metabolic pathways associated with VFAs biosynthesis, including pyruvate metabolism (e.g., aceE and pckA), acetate production (e.g., pta and acyP), and butyrate production (e.g., ptb and bok). Biochar also enhanced microbial adaptability to external environmental conditions through quorum sensing (e.g., luxS and lsrA) and two-component systems (e.g., phoA and atoA). The enhanced TCA cycle, which provides electrons and energy for VFAs production and environmental adaptability, was more pronounced with biochar, ultimately leading to increased overall VFAs production. This work provides a deeper understanding about the impact of conductive materials on anaerobic fermentation and offers valuable direction for optimizing FW treatment. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Volatile fatty acids

Insights into the Role of Vocs Properties on Desorption Behaviors of Two Porous Polymeric Resins

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Huijuan Yu, Yansong Yang, Zemin Liu, Zhimin Long, Chao School of Eco-Environment Hebei University Baoding071002 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

Desorption is a critical process in the recovery or post-treatment of adsorbents saturated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this study, the thermal desorption behaviors for eight VOCs on hypercrosslinked polymeric resin (HPR) and macroporous polymeric resin (MPR) were investigated through isothermal desorption and temperature programmed desorption (TPD). Compared with MPR, HPR with more micropores exhibited a lower desorption rate constant, lower desorption efficiency and higher desorption activation energy due to the strong binding energy generated between VOCs molecules and narrow micropores. As the polarizability of VOCs increased, the desorption rate constants on two porous polymeric resins decreased, while the desorption activation energy showed an incremental trend. Excellent linear correlations were observed between VOC polarizability and desorption rate constants (R2=0.957 for HPR and R2=0.940 for MPR) as well as between VOC polarizability and desorption activation energy (R2=0.981 for HPR and R2=0.969 for MPR). Furthermore, a polyparameter linear free energy relationship (PP-LFER) was developed to explore the influences of intermolecular interactions on desorption behaviors of VOCs on porous polymeric resins. The results indicated that the dispersive interaction, which is directly related to polarizability of VOCs, was the primary factor influencing the desorption activation energy of VOCs on porous polymeric resins. The find from this study helps evaluate fleetly and availably the desorption properties of VOCs based on their polarizability. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds

Titanium Dioxide Enhanced Di-Butyl Phthalate of Developmental Neurotoxicity in Zebrafish Larvae

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Yingjia Chen, Haiyue Liang, Hongwu Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia University Hohhot010021 China

Butyl phthalate (DBP) is a plasticizer widely used with a high detection rate in water. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2) may enhance the harmfulness of organic contaminants by increasing their bioavailability in aquatic environments. Despite their co-occurrence in water systems, DBP and n-TiO2 have no known joint effects on aquatic life. This study investigated the combined effects of n-TiO2 and DBP on zebrafish larvae developmental neurotoxicity. Our results indicated that exposure combined to DBP and n-TiO2 increased deformities in zebrafish embryos and significantly reduced active larval duration after combined exposure. With DBP and n-TiO2, antioxidation genes are significantly inhibited, oxidative damage is aggravated, neurodevelopment-related genes are profoundly affected, glutamate excitatory toxicity is induced, and nerve damage is more severe in larva. In addition, the puma-p53-bcl2/bax-apaf-1-caspase signaling pathway was activated by high concentrations of DBP combined with n-TiO2, leading to cell apoptosis in zebrafish larvae. The metabolomics results showed that co-exposure, amino acid metabolism disorder will be aggravated, lipid metabolism is disrupted, and nerve damage results in zebrafish larvae. In general, our work showed that n-TiO2 aggravated developmental neurotoxicity of DBP in zebrafish larvae. It is thus imperative to consider the risks that coexisting phthalate esters and nanomaterials pose to aquatic environments. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

Displacement Efficiency of Intermittent Renewable Energy Generation in China

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhu, Ziao Xu, Zhongwen Zhang, Bing State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University 163 Xianlin Avenue Nanjing210023 China Center for Environmental Management and Policy China

As the world’s largest carbon emitter, China has made significant investments in wind and solar power. However, the extent to which these intermittent renewable energy sources can replace the predominant thermal generation remains uncertain. This study examines the displacement of fossil-fuel-generated electricity by intermittent energy sources in China from 2011 to 2020. The results indicate that a 1% increase in intermittent renewable generation leads to a decrease of approximately 0.03% in thermal generation. A rough estimate suggests that a 1% rise in renewable generation results in carbon emission reduction benefits of about 645 million USD. The impact of wind and solar generation on the operation of thermal units varies due to disparities in penetration rates and supply patterns. Evidence underscores the absence of co-benefits from the ultra-high voltage transmission network in improving the displacement efficiency of intermittent renewable energy, primarily attributed to the relatively modest proportion of renewable energy electricity transmitted through UHV lines. These findings highlight the need for tailored investment plans based on the characteristics of wind and solar resources, the importance of alternative measures to enhance grid flexibility, and the imperative of integrating a diverse range of policy instruments to effectively facilitate the penetration rate of intermittent renewable energy sources. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fossil fuels

Insights into the Role of Vocs Properties on Desorption Behaviors of Two Porous Polymeric Resins

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liu, Huijuan Yu, Yansong Long, Chao School of Eco-Environment Hebei University Baoding071002 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China

关键词： Volatile organic compounds