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Advances in thermal-related analysis techniques for solid-state lithium batteries

InfoMat 2023年第4期5卷 77-116页

作者： Jianan Wang Kai Yang Shiyi Sun Qianyue Ma Gong Yi Xin Chen Ze Wang Wei Yan Xinhua Liu Qiong Cai Yunlong Zhao Department of Environmental Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anthe People's Republic of China Department of Chemical&Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuildfordUK School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingthe People's Republic of China

Solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs)have been broadly accepted as a promising candidate for the next generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with high energy density,long duration,and high *** intrinsic non-flammable nature and electrochemical/thermal/mechanical stability of solid electrolytes are expected to fundamentally solve the safety problems of conventional ***,thermal degradation and thermal runaway could also happen in *** example,the large interfacial resistance between solid electrolytes and electrodes could aggravate the joule heat generation;the anisotropic thermal diffusion could trigger the uneven temperature distribution and formation of hotspots further leading to lithium dendrite *** research efforts have been devoted to exploring solid electrolytes with outstanding performance and harmonizing interfacial incompatibility in the past *** have been fewer comprehensive reports investigating the thermal reaction process,thermal degradation,and thermal runaway of *** review seeks to highlight advanced thermal-related analysis techniques for SSLBs,by focusing particularly on multiscale and multidimensional thermal-related characterization,thermal monitoring techniques such as sensors,thermal experimental techniques imitating the abuse operating condition,and thermalrelated advanced *** perspectives are proposed to bridge fundamental studies to technological relevance for better understanding and performance optimization of SSLBs.

关键词： characterization monitoring simulation solid-state batteries thermal technique

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Synergy of porous structure and cation doping in Ta3N5 photoanode towards improved photoelectrochemical water oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第1期30卷 343-350,I0011页

作者： Yubin Chen Hongyu Xia Xiaoyang Feng Ya Liu Wenyu Zheng Lijing Ma Rui Li International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Herein,a cross-linked porous Ta3N5 film was prepared via a simple solution combustion route followed by a high-temperature nitridation process for photoelectrochemical(PEC) water ***,the metal cations(Mg2+ and Zr4+) were incorporated into the porous Ta3N5 to enhance the PEC *** porous Mg/Zr co-doped Ta3N5 photoanode yielded a photocurrent density of 1.40 mA cm^(-2) at 1.23 V vs RHE,which is 5.6 times higher than that of the dense Ta3N5 *** enhanced performance should be ascribed to the synergistic effect of porous structure and cation doping,which can enlarge the electrochemical active surface area and accelerate the charge transfer by introducing ON substitution ***,Co(OH)2 cocatalyst was loaded on the Mg/Zr-Ta3N5 photoanode to negatively shift the onset potential to 0.45 V vs RHE and further improve the photocurrent density to 3.5 mA cm^(-2)at 1.23 V ***,with a maximum half-cell solar to hydrogen efficiency of 0.45%.The present study provides a new strategy to design efficient Ta3N5 photoelectrodes via the simultaneous control of the morphology and composition.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical water oxidation Ta3N5 Porous structure Doping Solution combustion

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Development of a filtered drag model considering effect of the solid shear rate

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Particuology 2022年第12期71卷 63-74页

作者： Lingxue Wang Ming Jiang Qiang Zhou School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China Engineering Research Center of New Energy System Engineering and Equipment University of Shaanxi ProvinceXi'an710049China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China

This study investigates a 2D gas-solid fast fluidized bed of typical Geldart A particles using highly resolved simulations with two-fluid *** results show that the solid shear rate has a considerable impact on the orientation of the meso-scale structures and hence on the filtered drag *** the basis of the correlation for the filtered drag force established in the literature using the traditional markers(such as filtered solid volume fraction,filtered slip velocity and filter scale),a correction correlated with the solid shear rate in the direction of gravity is proposed for better prediction of the filtered drag *** corrected model is shown to produce improved results in posterior tests of flows in different fluidization regimes including bubbling,turbulent and fast fluidization.

关键词： Gas-solid flows Fluidization Two-fluid model Dimensionless solid shear rate Filtered drag force

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Recent advances in nonmetallic atom-doped metal nanocrystals:Synthesis and catalytic applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第9期32卷 2679-2692页

作者： Ruiyun Guo Ke Zhang Shangdong Ji Yangzi Zheng Mingshang Jin Frontier Institute of Science and Technology and State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

Metal nanocrystals have been recognized as the main catalytic materials in many fields,but insufficient activity and stability,as well as high prices,have limited their large-scale potential *** one of the extremely promising alternatives toward metal in boosting their catalytic performance,nonmetallic atoms-doped metal nanocrystals have recently received extensive attention because of their high efficiency,chemical and structural durability,abundant reserve,and low *** this review,we highlight the most recent progress in this field and provide insights into their catalytic *** metalnonmetal nanocrystals prepared by doping metal nanocrystals with nonmetallic atoms are introduced and classified based on the types of nonmetallic atoms,including metal hydrides,borides,carbides,nitrides,oxides,phosphides,and ***,their applications in catalysis,especially in electrocatalysis and organic catalysis,have been summarized and ***,the conclusions and perspectives are given for the catalysis-driven rational design of metal-nonmetal nanocrystals in this minireview.

关键词： Nonmetallic atom-doping Metal-nonmetal nanocrystals Organic catalysis Electrocatalysis Catalyst design

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Molecular Dynamics Simulation Investigation of the Solubility Parameter of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide-Cosolvent

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Investigation of the Solubilit...

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International Multidisciplinary Conference on Computer and Energy Science (SpliTech)

作者： Junying Wang Hui Jin State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

ISBN: (数字)9789532901351

ISBN: (纸本)9798350390797

In this work, solubility parameters of the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) system and the SC-CO2 adding cosolvent systems were calculated using molecular dynamics simulation. How temperature and pressure changes affected the solubility parameter were studied by molecular dynamics simulation. In addition, the mechanism of interaction between cosolvent and SC-CO2 was investigated. It was discovered that the SC-CO2 solubility parameter rose with rising pressure at constant temperature and fell with rising temperature at constant pressure. Additionally, it is obvious that increasing the solubility parameter of the SC-CO2 system as a whole can be achieved by adding a specific quantity of cosolvent. The solubility parameter of the SC-CO2-cosolvent system increased with increasing cosolvent content. The addition of cosolvent to improve the solubility parameter works by increasing the combined system's polar strength. The hydrogen bonding interaction energy has the greatest impact on the increase of solubility parameter.

关键词： Ethanol Hydrogen Carbon dioxide Bonding Carbon

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engineering practice and economic analysis of ozone oxidation wet denitrification technology

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2021年第1期34卷 401-408页

作者： Yang Li Defu Che Chenglong Yang Mingyu Yao Tingwen Zhao Kangli Fu Hanchen Zhao Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co LtdXi’an 710032China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow for Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

SO_(2)and NO emitted from coal-fired power plants have caused serious air pollution in *** this study,a test system for NO oxidation using O_(3)is *** basic characteristics of NO oxidation and products forms are studied.A separate test system for the combined removal of SO_(2)and NO_(x)is also established,and the absorption characteristics of NO_(x)are *** characteristics of NO oxidation and NO_(x)absorption were verified in a 35 t·h^(-1)industrial boiler wet combined desulfurization and denitrification *** operating economy of ozone oxidation wet denitrification technology is *** results show that O_(3)has a high rate and strong selectivity for NO *** O_(3)is insufficient,the primary oxidation product is NO_(2).When O_(3)is present in excess,NO_(2)continues to get oxidized to N_(2)O_(5)or NO_(3).The removal efficiency of NO_(2)in alkaline absorption system is low(only about 15%).NOx removal efficiency can be improved by oxidizing NO_(x)to N_(2)O_(5)or NO_(3)by increasing ozone *** the molar ratio of O_(3)/NO is 1.77,the NOx removal efficiency reaches 90.3%,while the operating cost of removing NO_(x)per kilogram is 6.06 USD(NO_(2)).

关键词： Ozone Denitrification Wet process engineering practice

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Comparative analysis on gas–solid drag models in MFIX-DEM simulations of bubbling fluidized bed

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2023年第12期64卷 64-75页

作者： Ruiyu Li Xiaole Huang Yuhao Wu Lingxiao Dong Srdjan Beloševic Aleksandar Milicevic Ivan Tomanovic Lei Deng Defu Che State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Shunde Institute of Inspection Guangdong Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and ResearchFoshan 528300China Department of Thermal Engineering and Energy "VINCA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences–National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeMike Petrovica Alasa 12-1411351 VincaPO Box 52211001 BelgradeSerbia

In this study,the open-source software MFIX-DEM simulations of a bubbling fluidized bed(BFB)are applied to assess nine drag models according to experimental and direct numerical simulation(DNS)*** influence of superficial gas velocity on gas–solid flow is also *** results show that according to the distribution of time-averaged particle axial velocity in y direction,except for Wen–Yu and Tenneti–Garg–Subramaniam(TGS),other drag models are consistent with the experimental and DNS *** the TGS drag model,the layer-by-layer movement of particles is observed,which indicates the particle velocity is not correctly *** time domain and frequency domain analysis results of pressure drop of each drag model are *** is recommended to use the drag model derived from DNS or fine grid computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method(CFD-DEM)data first for CFD-DEM *** the investigated BFB,the superficial gas velocity less than 0.9 m·s^(-1) should be adopted to obtain normal hydrodynamics.

关键词： MFIX-DEM Simulation Dense flow Gas-solid Bubbling fluidized bed Drag model

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Numerical study of specific C-shaped heat exchanger using porous medium and coarse mesh coupling method

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International Journal of Thermal Sciences 2025年 210卷

作者： He, Shaopeng Wang, Shiqi Wang, Mingjun Tian, W.X. Qiu, S.Z. Su, G.H. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China

Porous medium method is an effective simplified approach for the heat exchanger simulation when the numerous tubes and complex structures bring unacceptable computational resources to full-scale simulation. However, for the specific C-shaped heat exchanger, the tube side resistance and flow distribution characteristics that significantly affects the heat transfer and natural circulation performance cannot be obtained by the traditional porous medium method coupled with the one-dimensional node model for tube side. It is urgent to develop a new coupling method that can not only simplify modeling and calculation, but also obtain tube side high-resolution flow heat transfer characteristics. This study presents a novel calculation method which couples the porous medium mesh and the tube side coarse mesh. The coupling method was then applied to a typical C-shaped passive residual heat removal heat exchanger (PRHR HX), which is significant to the stable operation and the mitigation of accident conditions in the nuclear power plant. The coupling calculation method was validated against the full-scaled simulation and data from scaled-down experiment. The average relative error of heat transfer power is 2.1 % under steady state conditions. Under transient conditions, the average absolute error of the fluid temperature and wall temperature are less than 6 K. Then the 3D thermal-hydraulic characteristics of PRHR HX was studied. Owing to a greater gravitational pressure head, the mass flow rates in the extended tubes surpass those in the shorter tubes by a relative deviation of 27.4 %. The upper horizontal tube's heat exchange capacity constitutes approximately 70 % of the total power, leading to enhanced natural circulation. The outlet temperatures from various tubes tend to equalize. The boiling area gradually extended down along the heat transfer tubes. Our work would present an innovative calculation method to the numerical study and design optimization of the C-shaped heat

关键词： Nuclear power plants

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Improvement on Numerical Simulation of Supercritical Water flow in Horizontal Tubes: A Buoyancy-Tuned Turbulence Prandtl Number Model

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hou, Zhenghui Guo, Xinyang Liang, Zhicheng Yang, Kuang Yang, Chaofan Wang, Haijun State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

To improve the predictive accuracy of numerical simulations for supercritical water, the effect of turbulence Prandtl number (Prt) on supercritical water heat transfer was extensively studied using the Shear-Stress Transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model. The efficacy of typical turbulence Prandtl number models for predicting heat transfer in horizontal tubes with supercritical water was evaluated based on wall temperatures measured experimentally and fluid temperatures obtained from multi-point temperature measurement devices. These models successfully demonstrated the phenomenon of thermal stratification due to physical property variations, but their predictive performance near the pseudocritical temperature, particularly in the top wall region, was not satisfying. Building upon this, a new turbulence Prandtl number model suitable for horizontal supercritical water tubes, named the SWBT model, was developed through constant calibration and the addition of buoyancy tuned. This model effectively replicates severe heat transfer deterioration (HTD) and buoyancy-induced improvements in heat transfer, showing robust predictive capabilities with a wide array of experimental data from both the authors and other researchers. The model was tested across ranges of P=24.5-26.5 MPa, q/G=0.11-0.67, and tube diameters of 7.5 mm, 26 mm and 43 mm. Additionally, the model's performance was benchmarked against experimental results of axially non-uniform heat flux conducted by the authors, successfully reproducing the variations in wall temperature due to changes in heat flux. This study substantially enhances the accuracy of numerical simulations for supercritical water in horizontal tubes, offering valuable insights for the engineering applications of supercritical water and the design of heat exchangers. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Prandtl number

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Evaluation of Load Following Control Strategy for Heat Pipe-Cooled Microreactor Coupled with Closed Brayton Cycle System

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Qian, Yiran Liu, Tao Zhang, Yan Leng, Yuyang Shi, Tianrun Song, Meihui Chen, Weixiong State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Heat pipe-cooled reactors (HPCRs), with their straightforward and compact design and inherent safety features, are considered a promising option for mobile nuclear power sources. However, the coupling between the HPCR and the energy conversion system complicates load tracking control. In this study, a comprehensive dynamic model of an HPCR coupled with a closed-air Brayton cycle (CABC) is developed. This model integrates a neutron kinetics point reactor model, a thermal resistance network model for the heat pipe, and a CABC model representing the power conversion system. To achieve effective load tracking, a control scheme for the Brayton cycle power is proposed, combining turbine bypass control with inventory control. The system’s response to load variations, from 100% full power (FP) to 50% FP at a rate of 5% FP/min, is analysed, considering reactor power self-regulation. The results indicate that the reactor power exhibits an overshoot of -4.36% and stabilizes after 2100s, while the fuel average temperature fluctuates within ±4.6°C and stabilizes at 2240s. Building on the dynamic performance of the HPCR-CABC system, a reactor power control scheme is developed by adjusting control drums to introduce external reactivity. This scheme successfully controls reactor power at a steady state within 720s, without fluctuation. However, the fuel average temperature fluctuates by more than 10°C, stabilizing after 9450s. To improve control effectiveness, a temperature correction channel is incorporated into the reactor power control system. As a result, the fuel average temperature fluctuates within ±0.3°C and stabilizes at the design value of 699.4°C within 860s. Compared to previous control schemes, the improved cascade reactor power control scheme results in a shorter stabilization time for the fuel average temperature. To assess the adaptability of the proposed HPCR-CABC coordination control strategy, simulations are conducted for load reductions from 100% FP to 80%, 60%,

关键词： Brayton cycle

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