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Matching electrochemical CO2 reduction with fluctuating photovoltaic power under natural illumination

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EES Solar

EES Solar 2025年第3期1卷 279-286页

作者： Ya Liu Taiping Ye Yifei Liu Xiaohai Zhang Linhong Jiang Feng Wang Shengjie Bai Shaohua Shen International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi 710049 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University China PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute Shenzhen Guangdong 518000 China

Photovoltaic (PV)-driven electrocatalytic CO2 reduction enables solar energy storage and green fuel production, but PV fluctuations cause instability, impacting product selectivity and system stability. To tackle this...

Photovoltaic (PV)-driven electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction enables solar energy storage and green fuel production, but PV fluctuations cause instability, impacting product selectivity and system stability. To tackle this challenge, we propose a novel control strategy that dynamically adjusts the number of operating electrolytic cells. This approach enables real-time matching of PV output with the electrolysis system, stabilizing voltage and current input. The performance of PV modules and electrolyzers was evaluated individually, with results integrated into a simulation model to predict system behavior. Additionally, an outdoor experimental setup was constructed to validate the design under real-world conditions. The system demonstrated the ability to dynamically adjust the number of operating electrolyzers from zero to four in response to fluctuating PV power. Compared to an uncontrolled system with a current density variability of 150 ± 90 mA cm⁻², the proposed control strategy stabilized the current density to 210 ± 40 mA cm⁻², highlighting its effectiveness in managing fluctuating power inputs.

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Water Washing of Biomass and Biochar

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SSRN 2022年

To investigate the differences in organics composition between leachates of biomass and biochar, four biomass materials and the corresponding biochar are water washed. GC-MS is employed to characterize the distributions of organic components in leachates. Raw and washed biomass, and biomass leachates dried at 333 K are sent for TG/DTG analysis. The results show that corn and sorghum stalks should be washed after the high-temperature pyrolysis at 303 K, with aromatic hydrocarbon contents of 11.00% and 29.95%, respectively. It is proposed that wheat straw and rice husk should be washed directly. Considering the contents of alkanes, cycloalkanes, and heterocyclic hydrocarbon in leachates, biomass should be pyrolyzed at a relatively low temperature and then be washed. It is recommended to wash biomass directly to inhibit the acidic organic release. Washed and raw biomass samples have the similar DTG curves. The combustion of dried leachate is more complicated, with one or two peaks during the third stage. The activation energy follows an order of washed biomass > raw biomass > biomass leachate. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomass

Investigation on the Parallel Computing Technique Using on the Numerical Simulation of Carbon Free Fuel

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Investigation on the Parallel Computing Technique Using on t...

Information Science, Parallel and Distributed Systems (ISPDS), International Conference on

作者： Weibin Wang Xutao Wei Department of Computer Science Xi'an Fanyi University Xi'an China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

The numerical simulation of the turbulent combustion is identified as one of the most promising methods on the designs of the combustion devices, for example: the internal combustion engine and gas turbine. This mainly depends on the development of parallel computing technique. However, the computational efficiency for different cases on different compute nodes and number of cores still needs to be studied. On the other hand, due to the requirements from the aim of peaking carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060, modern energy system is requesting low carbon or carbon free fuels, such as ammonia (NH3). Therefore, the simulations of ammonia/air flame were performed in present investigation. The comparison between simulation cases on different compute nodes and number of cores illustrates that different cases requires different number of cores to achieve the best computational efficiency. The computational efficiency of each compute nodes are dissimilar, which can decrease the efficiency. Meanwhile, the methods in present study can predict the ammonia/air flames. The initial condition of velocity fluctuation is necessary for simulating turbulent flame. The wrinkles of the flames can be well predicted by the velocity fluctuation initial boundary condition.

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Proposal design and thermodynamic analysis on a novel coal-based power generation system integrated with CO2 capture

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Proposal design and thermodynamic analysis on a novel coal-b...

Electrical engineering and Mechatronics Technology (ICEEMT), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Guobin Gao Ruiqi Mu Yali Yang Lei Yan Jun Gao Ming Liu Guoneng Jinjie Energy Co. Ltd Yulin China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

To enhance the energy efficiency and decrease the carbon emissions, a novel coal-based power generation system integrated with CO 2 capture is proposed in this study. The S-CO 2 cycle is integrated to recover the waster heat of system effectively. The heat transfer processes are well matched, and the irreversibility of heat exchangers in the system is reduced by splitting working medium appropriately. The system simulation and thermodynamic analysis models are developed. The energy and exergy efficiency of system are 51.32% and 50.07%, respectively. The system efficiency increases with the increase of the coal water slurry concentration (CWSC) and the decrease of the gasification temperature. When the CWSC is 35% and gasification temperature is 500 °C, the exergy efficiency of system reaches 51.74% and 50.59%, respectively.

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Characteristics and Prediction Model of Co-Pyrolysis of Sewage Sludge and Camellia Seed Shell

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wang, Bo Liu, Yinhe Guan, Yu Feng, Yiwei Pan, Hejitian State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

Tar is an undesired product in the process of sewage sludge pyrolysis, which affects the normal operation of the equipment. In this paper, the characteristics of co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and camellia seed shell for tar reduction and syngas production were explored. The content and composition of tar and pyrolysis gas co-pyrolyzed with different proportions of sewage sludge (JAS) and camellia seed shell samples (CSS) were studied. The weight loss characteristics of the samples were studied by thermogravimetric experiment, and the synergistic effects of different stages were analyzed. The performances of back propagation (BP) neural network and particle swarm optimization-back propagation neural network (PSO-BP) in reflecting the nonlinear relationship between temperature, mixing ratio, heating rate and remaining weight were compared. The results show that the tar yield was the lowest when 40JAS60CSS was pyrolyzed, which could alleviate the serious problems caused by the tar. Compared with the JAS single pyrolysis, the co-pyrolysis of JAS and CSS improved the content of PAHs and reduced the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the tar. The inhibition and promotion effects of co-pyrolysis would be transformed into each other with the progress of the pyrolysis, and the transformations were concentrated in the S 2 stage where the weight loss of the sample is the largest. The constructed PSO-BP-30 model contained two hidden layers, each with 12 neurons, which accurately reflected the nonlinear relationship between the temperature, mixing ratio, heating rate and residual weight. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pyrolysis

A study on free radical behaviors and reactions in supercritical water using quantum chemical simulation

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 419卷

作者： Ding, Weijing Takahashi, Osamu Wang, Junying Jin, Hui School of Transportation and Vehicle Engineering Shandong University of Technology Shandong Zi'bo255000 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi'an710049 China of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan

Supercritical water (SCW) gasification is one of clean and efficient utilization way of biomass, other organic matters or coal for hydrogen production, in which radical reactions studies in SCW are limited but crucial. Density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) molecular simulation is one of efficient and convenient approaches to investigate these microscopic processes. Therefore, free radical reactions in severe SCW environment were investigated via DFTB calculations in this work. The results showed that the order of the free radicals containing bond cleavages reacted in SCW environment was ·OH, ·CH, ·CH2, ·HO2, ·CH3 and ·C6H5 under the same conditions. The reaction processes of different radicals in SCW were obtained. ·H was the most active free radical of reactions. This work is expected to understand the properties of free radicals in SCW better and explore intrinsic reaction mechanisms, which may provide a theoretical support for accomplishing efficient and low-carbon complete SCW gasification for hydrogen production. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Free radical Gasification Hydrogen production Reaction Supercritical Water (SCW)

Waste heat recovery in the coal-fired power generation integrated with post-combustion

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Waste heat recovery in the coal-fired power generation integ...

Electrical engineering and Mechatronics Technology (ICEEMT), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Yali Yang Guiwen Wang Yan Li Yongping Liu Yue Fu Ming Liu Guoneng Jinjie Energy Co. Ltd Yulin China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

Post combustion systems (PCS) are a viable technology option to reduce carbon dioxide in the electricity production. However, the energy-intensive of PCC precludes its wide scale application. As for the optimization of the post combustion system, there is an optimal inlet temperature of the stripper. By optimizing the parameter of the post combustion system, the energy consumption rate of the post combustion system decreased by 1.4 GJ/t CO 2 under 100% THA compared to the original post combustion system. The needed heat by the stripper shows a fall with the decrease of the unit load ratio. However, the heat changes of the post combustion system decrease with the decrease of the unit load ratio under 90% absorption rate. The efficiency penalty can be as low as 4.1% through waste heat recovery.

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Integrated Co2 Capture and Conversion by Three-Step Chemical Looping Dry Reforming of Methane

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Liu, Yunlian Liu, Mingkai Shen, Yuanhui Li, Yang Gai, Zhongrui Zhang, Ruqi Pan, Ying Jin, Hongguang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China

The integrated CO2 capture and conversion (ICCC) has emerged as a promising and cost-effective pathway for achieving carbon neutrality. However, limited energy-efficient pathways and durable materials for ICCC systems remains challenging. This study proposes a novel approach that synergistically integrates CO2 capture and conversion through a unified chemical framework. The method employs Li-based sorbents for CO2 capture, coupled with CH4-driven sorbent regeneration that is seamlessly integrated with chemical looping dry reforming of methane (CLDRM), enabling in-situ CO2 conversion. By coupling sorbent regeneration with CLDRM, this system enhances decarbonation kinetics through Le Chatelier's principle via continuous CO2 conversion. One-step calcination synthesized Li-based sorbents particles exhibit stable CO2 capture capacity of 5.25 mmol·g-1 within 15 min per cycle, maintaining 7.5-15% operational efficiency over 40 cycles at 600 ℃. In CLDRM, hydrogen radicals from CH4 dissociation promote the conversion of CO2 to intermediates, lowering the apparent activation energy of sorbents regeneration by 29.2%. Through systematic optimization in a fixed-bed reactor, we achieved 90% CO2 uptake and 85% CH4 conversion, with syngas production rates reaching 13.71 mL·min-1·g-1. Notably, the H2/CO molar ratio in syngas stabilizes ~1.6, aligns with iron-based Fischer-Tropsch and methanol synthesis to produce valuable fuels. This integrated system maintains >80% syngas purity with © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Activation energy

Analysis of Gas-Cooled Micro Modular Reactor (MMR) Fuel

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Deng, Chaoqun Zhu, Siyang He, Yanan Wu, Yingwei He, Kai Zhang, Jing Su, Guanghui School of Nuclear Science and Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. Ltd. Beijing100840 China

The gas-cooled micro modular reactor (MMR) is a novel concept with compact fuel form consists of thousands of tri-isotropic fuel (TRISO) particles dispersed in silicon carbide matrix. The MMR fuel is high volume packing fraction and horizontally placed within graphite channels. Due to the complexity of the fuel structure and the challenges involved in simulation, a multi-scale and multi-physics coupled analyses method of MMR fuel was realized in this work by implementing physical models into the open-source finite element platform MOOSE. Though the simulation of the typical design MMR fuel during normal operation, the thermal-mechanical analysis and the failure analysis were conducted. The results show that the arrangement of MMR fuel horizontally within graphite channels resulted in non-uniform gap between the fuel and graphite brick, leading to an "off-center" temperature distribution within the fuel, the peak temperature is about 1314 K. Higher-temperature sub-zones exhibit greater internal pressure within TRISO and show greater tensile stress in the Chemical Vapor Deposited Silicon Carbide (CVD-SiC) layer. Regarding fuel failure analysis, this work found limited impact from Pd penetration and kernel migration. Pressure-induced particle failure, closely linked with stress in CVD-SiC, emerges as the primary failure criterion. The overall probability of fuel failure remains relatively low, with a maximum probability of 4.1×10-5. Statistical data reveals that a significant majority (71%) of TRISO particles exhibit a failure probability below 2×10-5, while only 8.8% reach 4×10-5 © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphite