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A review of functions and mechanisms of clay soil conditioners and catalysts in thermal remediation compared to emerging photo-thermal catalysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 22-35页

作者： Juan Zhang Shuo Wang Xin Wang Wentao Jiao Minghua Zhang Fujun Ma State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy School of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

High temperatures and providing sufficient time for the thermal desorption of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)from contaminated clay soils can lead to intensive energy ***,this article provides a critical review of the potential additives which can improve soil texture and increase the volatility of POPs,and then discusses their enhanced mechanisms for contributing to a green ***-based additives have been used to reduce plasticity of bentonite clay,absorb water and replenish system *** contrast,non-Ca-based additives have been used to decrease the plasticity of kaolin *** soil structure and soil plasticity can be changed through cation exchange and flocculation *** transitionmetal oxides and alkalimetal oxides can be applied to catalyze and oxidize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,petroleum and emerging *** this system,reactive oxygen species(•O_(2)^(-)and•OH)are generated fromthermal excitation without strong chemical ***,multiple active ingredients in recycled solid wastes can be controlled to reduce soil plasticity and enhance thermal ***,the alkali,nano zero-valent iron and nano-TiN can catalyze hydrodechlorination of POPs under reductive ***,photo and photo-thermal catalysis are discussed to accelerate replacement of fossil fuels by renewable energy in thermal remediation.

关键词： Persistent organic contaminants Clay soils Thermal remediation Soil conditioning Synergistic catalysis

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Research on Simulation Model and Test of Rail Temperature in electromagnetic Launch

Research on Simulation Model and Test of Rail Temperature in...

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International Conference of Electrical, Electronic and Networked Energy Systems, EENES 2024

作者： Xu, Rong Wang, Jiong Li, Tao Ye, Wenyi Cheng, Wenping Yan, Ping Xu, Weidong Institute Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drives Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of High Density Electromagnetic Power and Systems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Institute of Electrical Engineering and Advanced Electromagnetic Drive Technology Qilu Zhongke Jinan250104 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819620791

The temperature of the rail is increasing in a short period of time by the Joule heat generated by the high current passing the contact surface between the rail and the armature, the frictional heat generated by the armature’s movement on the rail surface during the electromagnetic launching process. The launch performance is affected by the surface temperature of the track sharply increases and a decrease in the mechanical performance of the rail. The rail temperature simulation model and tests of the model is established by launch experiments. The model is modified and improved to provide support for the optimization design of thermal management system. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Launching

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Polybenzimidazolium-reinforced polyimide separators to inhibit dendrites for high-security lithium-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Guohua Sun Jiaqi Cui Qingsong Zhang Yisong Zhou Xinluo Li Yingying Zhang Zhanao Zhang Xin Zhang Jiantao Fan Pengpeng Li Lianlong Hou Nanjun Chen Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University

Lithium dendrite formation poses a significant safety hazard in lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）, severely impeding their widespread adoption and further technological advancements. Here, we present a novel quaternized polybenzimidazolium（q-PBI） to armor polyimide（PI） nanofiber separator（q-PBI@PI）, in which the q-PBI containing lithiophilicity and anionphilicity sites serves as the multifunctional nano-layers to suppress the Li dendrite and reinforce the mechanical properties of PI nanofiber ***, the q-PBI@PI separator displays an unprecedented mechanical strength of 82.8 MPa, significantly outperforming previously reported PI nanofiber membranes（typically below 50.0 MPa）. Besides, we demonstrate that the q-PBI@PI separator simultaneously possesses low nucleation overpotential（59 mV） and exceptional average coulombic efficiency due to the suppression of Li dendrite. Importantly, q-PBI@PI-based Li||Li battery enables a stable Li plating-stripping at 1.0 m A cm-2for600 h. Attributing to these exceptional merits, the armored PI separator-based LIBs display remarkable specific capability and capacity retention. The density function theory calculations reveal that q-PBI is conducive to the desolvation of Li+and can immobilize Li+and PF6-ions near affinity sites of PI nanofibers for inhibiting the formation of Li dendrites. Our work paves a new avenue for the design of next-generation high-performing separators in LIBs.

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Spatially confined synthesis of TiNb_(2)O_(7)quantum dots onto mesoporous carbon and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)MXene for boosting lithium storage

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第2期10卷 358-366页

作者： Daoguang Sun Cheng Tang Haitao Li Xinlin Zhang Guanjia Zhu Zhen-Dong Huang Aijun Du Haijiao Zhang Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444China School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD4001Australia State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications9 Wenyuan RoadNanjing210023China

TiNb_(2)O_(7)has been emerged as one of the most promising electrode materials for high-energy lithium-ion ***,limited by the slow electron/ion transport kinetics,and insufficient active sites in the bulk structure,the TiNb_(2)O_(7)electrode still suffers from unsatisfactory lithium storage ***,we demonstrate a spatially confined strategy toward a novel TiNb_(2)O_(7)-NMC/MXene composite through a triblock copolymer-directed one-pot solvothermal route,where TiNb_(2)O_(7)quantum dots with a particle size of 2-3 nm are evenly embedded into N-doped mesoporous carbon(NMC)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)***,the as-prepared TiNb_(2)O_(7)-NMC/MXene anode exhibits a high reversible capacity(486.2 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1)after 100 cycles)and long cycle lifespan(363.4 mAh g^(-1)at ss1 A g^(-1)after 500 cycles).Both experimental and theorical results further demonstrate that such a superior lithium storage performance is mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect among 0D TiNb_(2)O_(7)quantum dots,2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)MXene nanosheets,and N-doped mesoporous *** strategy presented also opens up new horizon for space-confined preparation of high-performance electrode materials.

关键词： TiNb_(2)O_(7)quantum dots Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)MXene Mesoporous carbon Confined synthesis Lithium-ion batteries

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Hierarchical NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/nickel foam as highly active oxygen evolution reaction electrode for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 280-289页

作者： Jiansheng Wang Yongsheng Wang Xiaoxuan Guo Mengting Chen Jinjie Fang Xiaojie Li Wei Zhu Zhongbin Zhuang State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Environmental Catalysis Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China PetroChina Shenzhen New Energy Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518054China

Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers(AEMWEs)are emerging as a promising technology due to the high performance and low ***,the development of highly active and stable non-precious metal-based catalysts for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)remains a great *** this study,we present a top-down construction strategy for anode design,resulting in a hierarchical NiFe layered double hydroxide(LDH)/N-doped Co/nickel foam(NF)electrode synthesized via a hydrothermal-gas phase nitridation–electrodeposition *** electrode features NiFe LDH nanoplates grown on N-doped Co nanowires supported by nickel foam *** NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/NF electrode demonstrates exceptional performance,achieving a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2) at a low overpotential of 262 mV with minimal attenuation of just 7 mV NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/NF RuO_(2)/NF NiFe LDH/N-doped Co/NF after 100 h of *** assembled into an AEMWE,the system requires only 1.63 V to achieve a current density of 1 A·cm^(-2),surpassing the performance of most reported *** N-doped Co nanowires are shown to enhance both activity and stability by increasing the electrode’s surface area and reinforcing the catalyst–support interaction.

关键词： water electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction hierarchical structure synergistic effect

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Detector array with digital data acquisition system for charged-particle decay studies

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第4期36卷 140-150页

作者： Hao Jian Xin-Xing Xu Kai-Long Wang Jia-Jian Liu Chao-Yi Fu Peng-Jie Li Yan-Yun Yang Guang-Xin Zhang Kang Wang Fang-Fang Duan Long-Hui Ru Guang-Shun Li Bing Ding Yun-Hua Qiang Cen-Xi Yuan Jun-Bing Ma Shi-Wei Xu Yu-Feng Gao Rui Fan Fan-Chao Dai Si-Xian Zha Hao-Fan Zhu Jin-Hai Li Shu-Lian Qin Zhi-Fang Chang Cheng Kong He-Xuan Yan Hao-Wei Xu Jia-Long Ning Bo-Ren Liu Jie Zhou Yu-Dong Chen Bo-Shuai Cai Yu-Ting Wang Hong-Yi Wu Zhi-Xuan Wang Dong-Sheng Hou Hu-Shan Xu Xiao-Hong Zhou Yu-Hu Zhang Meng Wang Zheng-Guo Hu Jenny Lee State Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Science and Technology Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516003China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute of Particle and Nuclear Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich *** digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγ*** system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL1).key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for *** the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time *** detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.

关键词： β-delayed proton decay Double-sided silicon strip detector High-purity germanium detector Digital data acquisition system Implantation–decay correlation

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Editorial for Special Issue on Contact Electrification

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Friction 2025年第2期13卷 1-2页

作者： Shiquan Lin Chi Zhang Tianmin Shao School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Contact electrification is a pervasive and complex phenomenon that has been known for more than 2,600 years,and its mechanisms have been debated for decades but remain ***,contact electrification has long been considered an unpredictable effect,which has hindered its *** recent years,the study of contact electrification is in full swing,its mechanism has been analyzed in great depth,and its role in tribology,chemistry,biology,etc.,has been increasingly *** on the phenomenon of contact electrification,various sensing and energy harvesting devices have been *** the past decade,research on the mechanism and application of contact electrification has made great progress,and this phenomenon has become a hot spot in the tribological research community.

关键词： mechanism harvesting contact

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Performance evaluation of high-power PPS based on HTS HIA by using FEM simulation

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Electrical engineering 2025年 1-22页

作者： Liu, Longjian Yu, Kexun Xie, Xianfei Faculty of Electric Power Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

The capacitor charge power supplies (CCPS) based on homopolar inductor alternator (HIA) still faces significant challenges in terms of efficiency and power density. These limitations are primarily due to the large internal reactance and serious skin effects in the armature winding, low fundamental air-gap magnetic field, and the transient flux attenuation in HIA. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a CCPS based on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) HIA. The aim is to improve power density and efficiency by mitigating the aforementioned issues. The performance of the proposed HTS HIA-based CCPS is evaluated and compared with conventional HIA using FEM simulations. The study focuses on key performance indicators, such as power density, efficiency, and temperature rise. The HTS-HIA-based CCPS demonstrates a significantly higher power density and efficiency, and notably lower temperature rise compared to the conventional HIA. The reduction in internal reactance and the increasing in air-gap magnetic flux density by using slotless stator core and large air-gap length, and the elimination of transient flux attenuation by using HTS coil are critical factors that enhance the power density. The reduction in copper losses due to the slotless stator core and lower electrical frequency which reduces squeezing effects dramatically, along with the lower losses in the stator iron core, are critical factors that enhance the efficiency. The lower temperature rise is due to the much smaller copper loss compared to the conventional HIA. The proposed HTS-HIA-based CCPS shows substantial improvements in efficiency, power density and continuous emission capacity, making it a promising solution for applications such as laser weapons.

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Materials and devices for high‐density,high‐throughput micro‐electrocorticography arrays

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 17-28页

作者： Yang Xie Yanxiu Peng Jinhong Guo Muyang Liu Bozhen Zhang Lan Yin He Ding Xing Sheng Department of Electronic Engineering Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyInstitute for Precision MedicineLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The pursuit of precisely recording and localizing neural activities in brain cortical regions drives the development of advanced electrocorticography(ECoG)*** progress has led to the emergence of micro-ECoG(μECoG)devices with sub-millimeter *** review presents the current research status,development directions,potential innovations and applications of high-density,high-throughputμECoG ***,we summarize the challenges associated with accurately recording single or multiple neurons using existingμECoG devices,including passive multielectrode and active transistor ***,we focus on cutting-edge advancements in passiveμECoG devices by discussing the design principles and fabrication strategies to optimize three key parameters:impedance,mechanical flexibility,and ***,recent findings highlight the need for further research and development in active transistor arrays,including silicon,metal oxide,and solution-gated *** active transistor arrays have the potential to unlock the capabilities of high-density,high-throughputμECoG devices and overcome the limitations of passive multielectrode *** review explores the potential innovations and applications ofμECoG devices,showcasing their effectiveness for both brain science research and clinical applications.

关键词： Electrocorticography Micro-electrocorticography Flexible electronics Bioelectronics Neural electrode array

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Resourceful Utilization of Ironmaking Waste: Synthesis of Ti5Si3 Alloy from Titanium-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag

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ISIJ International 2025年第3期65卷 460-469页

作者： Pang, Zhongya Chen, Shun Jiang, Zhenqiang Han, Chenyang Yu, Xing Zheng, Kai Chen, Chaoyi Li, Guangshi Xu, Qian Zou, Xingli Lu, Xionggang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road BaoShan District Shanghai200444 China School of Materials and Energy Engineering Guizhou Key Laboratory for Preparation of Light Metal Materials Guizhou Institute of Technology Doctor Road Dangwu Town GUI ‘an New District Guiyang550025 China School of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou University 2708 South Section of Huaxi Avenue Guiyang550025 China

Titanium-bearing blast furnace slag (TBFS), a byproduct of ironmaking processes, has long been discarded as waste, resulting in the squandering of valuable resources such as titanium. The recovery and effective utilization of TBFS hold immense significance and importance. This study reports a direct electrolysis method for synthesizing Ti5Si3 alloy from a TBFS/SiO2 mixture in molten CaCl2 at 950°C. A comprehensive investigation was conducted into the phase and morphological evolution during the electrolysis process, along with an analysis of the migration behavior of impurities such as Ca and Al present in TBFS. The synthesized Ti5Si3 alloy powder was systematically characterized and analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and other techniques. The results reveal that the electrolysis process encompasses electrochemical deoxidation, in-situ alloying, and self-purification. Furthermore, this study achieved further purification of the Ti5Si3 alloy through vacuum laser rapid melting, effectively volatilizing and removing the residual impurity elements, resulting in an increase in the purity of Ti5Si3 alloy from 96.8% to 98.6%. The resultant Ti5Si3 alloy exhibits excellent corrosion resistance in phosphate buffer solution. In summary, this work provides a crucial technical paradigm and scientific theoretical foundation for the resourceful and value-added utilization of ironmaking solid waste, specifically TBFS. © 2025 The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan.

关键词： Slags

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