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Editorial: special topic on photovoltaic materials, devices, and applications

Science China Materials 2025年第5期68卷 1311-1313页

作者： Lifu Zhang Bin Kan Yiwang Chen Yongsheng Chen Yongfang Li Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal University School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai University State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterThe Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

To reduce society’s dependence on fossil fuels, new photovoltaic technologies are driving a fundamental change in the way renewable energy is utilized. This issue of “Photovoltaic Materials, Devices, and Applications” focuses on the latest break-throughs in this field, and systematically discusses the path of technological innovation, practical challenges, and future opportunities.

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Environment-friendly Ca^(2+)/Cr^(3+)co-doping LaAlO_(3) ceramics with excellent infrared radiation performance for energy-saving

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2025年第1期14卷 205-214页

作者： Xinglai Yuan Qinghu Wang Runke Wu Shaobai Sang Yibiao Xu Xiong Liang Liping Pan Bingbing Fan Yawei Li Rui Zhang Jiangtao Li Olena Volkova The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Joint International Research Laboratory of Refractories and MetallurgyWuhan University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Institute of Advanced Ceramics Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450046China Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Iron and Steel Technology TU Bergakademie FreibergFreiberg 09599Germany

Ca^(2+)/Cr^(3+)co-doped LaAlO_(3) infrared(IR)ceramics have been proven to be potential energy-saving materials for high-temperature industries because of their high emissivity and high-temperature ***,Cr^(6+)formation commonly occurs in materials and poses environmental and health risks,such as Cr^(6+)dissolution in water and CrO_(3)(g)*** this study,we combined high emissivity with in situ detoxification by introducing residual Al_(2)O_(3) into Ca^(2+)/Cr^(3+)co-doped LaAlO_(3) *** with the undoped ceramics,the addition of 20 wt%residual Al_(2)O_(3) resulted in a 78.5%reduction to 18.44 mg/kg(lower than the EU standard of 20 mg/kg)in Cr^(6+)dissolution and a decrease in 77.8%CrO_(3)(g)*** significant detoxification effect can be attributed to the formation of CaAl_(12−x)Cr_(x)O_(19).Additionally,as the residual Al_(2)O_(3) content increased from 5 to 20 wt%,the ceramics maintained high emissivity,above 0.896 in the near-infrared band and 0.781 in the mid-infrared ***,the IR coating effectively increased the surface temperature(from 767.1 to 790.7℃/min)and the heat radiation of the heating source,increasing the heating rate from 31.7 to 34.6℃/min during water *** work offers a promising approach for designing environmentally friendly IR ceramics with excellent IR performance for energy-saving applications in the high-temperature industry.

关键词： infrared(IR)radiation energy-saving environmentally friendly Cr^(6+)suppression LaAlO_(3)

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Learning-based Fault-Tolerant Control with High-Order Control Barrier Functions

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IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and engineering 2025年 22卷 14689-14698页

作者： Zhao, Linhao Wang, Lu Cao, Yuting Yang, Yin Wen, Shiping University of Technology Australian AI Institute Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology Sydney 2007 NSW Australia Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Changsha 410082 China Hamad Bin Khalifa University College of Science and Technology Doha 5855 Qatar

Fault-tolerant control can maintain acceptable performance in faulty systems but may violate safety constraints, posing potential risks. Additionally, model uncertainties present further challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel fault-tolerant probabilistic safe control framework that integrates Gaussian process (GP) regression, fault-tolerant control, and the highorder control barrier function (HOCBF) method. To handle inherent uncertainties, we adopt a probabilistic method that combines control Lyapunov function (CLF) with HOCBF using GP regression. Building on this foundation, we design a fault-tolerant GP-based CLF-HOCBF method to address unknown actuator faults. Furthermore, we establish two theoretical criteria to ensure the probabilistic safety and stability of the proposed control framework. To validate our method, we implement it in the autonomous driving simulator CARLA, demonstrating its effectiveness and competitiveness compared to existing approaches. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： actuator bias faults fault-tolerant control Gaussian process (GP) regression high-order control barrier function Uncertain nonlinear systems

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Kilowatt level high-power thulium doped fiber laser

Kilowatt level high-power thulium doped fiber laser

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2024 advanced Fiber Laser Conference, AFL 2024

作者： Zhang, Xiao Dong, Fanlong Yan, Peiguang Wang, Jinzhang Lue, Qitao Guo, Chunyu Ruan, Shuangchen Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Optomechatronics Engineering Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Precision Manufacturing Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen518118 China Han’s Laser Technology Industry Group Co. Ltd. Shenzhen518057 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688889

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688872

In this paper, a high power Tm3+-doped fiber laser (TDFL) based on a monolithic master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system with the center wavelength is 1940 nm is *** maximum laser power was measured to be 909 W with a slope efficiency of 50.1% at the 793 nm pump power of 1816 W. Power stability of the laser output over 60 min is measured to be ~0.14% .Output power is pump-limited without the onset of parasitic oscillation or amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) even at the maximum power, showing further power scaling should be possible with increase the pump power. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Optical pumping

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First-principles investigation of adhesion strength and interfacial bonding in Mg/X(X=Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Nd,Cr,Mo,Mn,and Fe)interface

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 83-89页

作者： Longke Bao Zhifu Yao Yuhui Zhang Cuiping Wang Kaihong Zheng Rongpei Shi Xingjun Liu Fusheng Pan State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China College of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Genome and Big DataHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of New Materials Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China College of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Magnesium alloys have gained extensive applications across various industries,including aerospace,transportation,and civil construction,owing to their excellent combinations of high specific strength and stiffness[1].However,their lim-ited strength due to the lack of effective strengthening phases has hindered their broader industrial applications[2].Never-theless,it has been challenging to achieve significant strength-ening due to the restricted solubility of alloying elements in magnesium[3].Thus,more and more efforts have been made to explore the concept of secondary phase-reinforced magne-sium alloys[2,4,5],where the secondary phase acts as re-inforcing agents within the magnesium matrix,resembling a composite material.

关键词： adhesion strength interfacial bonding aluminum alloys industrial applications solubility strengthening phases alloying elements Mg X interfaces

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Monitoring of lubrication and wear in-situ by triboelectrification under grease lubrication

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Friction 2025年第2期13卷 89-98页

作者： Yiming Lei Yange Feng Zixiang Wu Qiang Gao Zhuopei Zhang Wenpeng Wang Liucheng Wang Youqiang Wang Daoai Wang State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai Yantai 265503China School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials Qingdao 266104China

The stable operation of friction pairs is one of the most critical factors to maintain the stable operation of mechanical *** real-time monitoring of lubrication state of the friction pair is very important to ensure the normal operation of machinery and realize early warning of wear failure,but it is also a big *** this article,a new lubrication insitu monitoring system is designed,which can monitor the lubrication and wear state of friction pairs through *** current acquisition module and friction coefficient acquisition module are integrated into a high vacuum hydrodynamic oil film thickness measuring instrument to explore the intrinsic relationship between triboelectricity and friction coefficient *** severe wear occurs,the oil film at the interface of the friction pair is no longer complete,and the accumulated triboelectric charge at the interface of the friction pair breaks down the air and causes discharge,the friction current suddenly increases from nanoampere level to microampere *** time node when discharge occurs at the steel ball interface is well consistent with the time node when the friction pair suffers serious *** to the corresponding relationship between the triboelectric current and the friction and wear status of the friction pair,an early wear warning monitoring system is designed to monitor the operating status of the friction pair in real time through triboelectric *** the mechanical friction pair is worn,the early warning system will send out sound and light alarm signals and send real-time warnings to the mobile terminal through the Internet of Things,providing a new and reliable method for real-time monitoring of friction and wear of grease-lubricated machinery.

关键词： friction sensing wear warning triboelectric sensor in-situ monitoring real-time

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Effect of alumina fibers on microstructure and mechanical properties of composite enamel coatings

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 18865-18876页

作者： Chen, Xueying Guo, Yan Gao, Xinrui Shi, Shiyan Sun, Dongguang Jia, Xiaoyun Jiang, Weizhong Luo, Lida Wang, Qingwei State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Glass Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Key Laboratory of Special Glass and Enamel for China Light Industry Donghua University Shanghai201620 China Qingdao Haier Intelligent Cooking Appliances Co. Ltd China

Glass enamel coatings are widely used to protect metal against corrosion and weathering due to their exceptional chemical stability. However, the application potential of enamel coatings will be further enhanced if their mechanical properties, particularly impact resistance and toughness, can be improved. In this study, we investigated the influence of varying amounts of alumina fibers on the microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of enamel coatings by fabricating composite enamel coatings. The impact strength, hardness and modulus of the resulting materials were evaluated by falling ball impact tests and nanoindentation tests. The results showed that the alumina fibers were well bonded to the enamel matrix, and the coating surface roughness and contact angle increased with fiber addition. The coating had the lowest porosity and best impact resistance at 0.5 wt% fiber addition. At this point, the modulus and hardness of the composite enamel coating demonstrated improved stability, with the overall hardness reaching its maximum value, and excessive addition of alumina fibers can lead to a reduction in coating performance. As a result, the alumina fibers appear feasible to use as reinforcing material to produce high performance composite enamel coatings. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Rockwell hardness

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IMU-Based Real-Time Biofeedback Wristband With Automatic Sensor-to-Segment Calibration for Arm Swing Training

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第6期25卷 9780-9789页

作者： Fan, Bingfei Chen, Jie Tan, Chao Zhu, Yifeng Liu, Tao Li, Qingguo Cai, Shibo Jiang, Tianyu Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou310023 China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Queen's University Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering KingstonONK7L 3N6 Canada Zhejiang University of Technology College of Mechanical Engineering The Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310023 China Chinese PLA General Hospital The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Beijing100000 China

Arm swing during walking is significant as it enhances gait stability and reduces energy expenditure. Reduced arm swing in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) or the elderly causes poor mobility and higher fall risk. This article develops an IMU-based real-time biofeedback wristband with an automatic sensor-to-segment calibration algorithm for arm swing training. The real-time algorithm detects key frames and calculates the sensor-to-segment alignment transformation, then monitors arm swing motion, and provides vibration feedback when insufficient arm swing is detected. Validation experiments were performed to assess the accuracies of arm swing angle, angular velocity estimations, and the effectiveness of real-time biofeedback. Seventeen subjects wore wristbands and optical markers on their arms while performing slow, normal, and fast walking on a treadmill. Arm swing angle, angular velocity, and range of motion were extracted with and without the proposed calibration method. An additional wristband manually aligned with the forearm was used for comparison and an optical motion capture (OMC) system was utilized for reference. For the proposed method with automatic calibration, the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of the estimated continuous swing angle and angular velocity were 2.1° and 12.8°/s, respectively, which were 46% and 58% of those estimated with the manually aligned wristband. In real-time feedback experiments, subjects exhibited a notable increase in arm swing amplitude given the stimulus from vibration feedback. The developed wristband could serve as an effective training and easy-to-use device, which has the potential for PD patients to increase their arm swing amplitude during walking. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Biofeedback

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Lifecycle Synergistic Prelithiation Strategy of Both Anode and Cathode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

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advanced Energy Materials 2025年第0期

作者： Zhong, Wei He, Renjie Peng, Linfeng Liu, Wei Peng, Jiayue Zhu, Haolin Xiang, Jingyu Cheng, Shijie Xie, Jia State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Prelithiation is recognized as an effective technology for addressing the depletion of active lithium, but conventional methods are constrained by their reliance on singular lithium replenishment mechanisms and limited functionality. Herein, a synergistic and comprehensive lifecycle prelithiation technology is introduced as applicable to both anode and cathode. For anode prelithiation, highly reactive biphenyl lithium is leveraged as a lithium replenishing agent, supplemented by functional additives, ethoxy(pentafluoro)cyclotriphosphazene (PFPN) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), to generate a robust SEI enriched with Li3N, LiF, Li3P and Li2O. This approach not only compensates for the initial active lithium loss but also fortifies the structural integrity of the SEI. For cathode prelithiation, the high-capacity lithium replenisher Li2C2O4 and Li2C4O4 comprising B, N double-doped carbon loaded Mo2C-W2C (Mo-W@BNC) heterogeneous catalysts is employed, which exhibits superior catalytic performance in facilitating the release of lithium. The exceptional efficient liberations of lithium are achieved at discharge voltages of 3.78 V and 4.14 V for Li2C2O4 and Li2C2O4, respectively. The prelithiation for both anode and cathode mitigates the initial active lithium loss by 22.6%. Moreover, a singular activation during subsequent usage contributes an additional 0.8 mAh cm−2 of active lithium, achieving a capacity retention of 99.3% after 250 cycles at 0.5C. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Velocity Estimation Method with Voltage Characteristics for High-Speed Linear Induction Motor 11th

Velocity Estimation Method with Voltage Characteristics for ...

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11th Frontier Academic Forum of Electrical engineering, FAFEE 2024

作者： Jiang, Xinyu Xu, Fei Li, Zhen Li, Zixin Shi, Liming Li, Yaohua Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Haidian District Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan District Beijing China Institute of Electrical Engineering and Advanced Electromagnetic Drive Technology Qilu Zhongke Shandong Province Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819787791

The loss of velocity sensor data may cause serious problems during high-speed operation. To tackle this issue, a velocity estimation method of high-speed linear induction motors (HS-LIM) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the state equations of voltage, current, and velocity are established in a synchronous coordinate system to determine the relationship between voltage and velocity. Secondly, the voltages of each stator section are used to synthesize the voltage sawtooth wave, which has the complete velocity information. Finally, the velocity and the estimation parameters at the switching point are based on the voltage sawtooth wave. The simulation experiment verifies that the method can accurately estimate the mover velocity of HS-LIM. © Beijing Paike Culture Commu. Co., Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Equations of state

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