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High-quality endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging with conical fiber illumination

Photonics Research 2025年第3期13卷 583-592页

作者： JUNSHUAI YAN QINXIN HAN LIANGWEI MENG TINGYU SUN YAN YAN SHIJIE FENG SHAOMIN YUAN JINLING LU PENGCHENG LI Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics-MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics Advanced Biomedical Imaging Facility-Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and Technology Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceHUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan ProvinceSchool of Biomedical EngineeringHainan University

Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human *** laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion velocity monitoring in minimally invasive ***,conventional endoscopic LSCI uses a lowcoherence laser illumination scheme,leading to restricted angles of illumination,compromised laser coherence,uneven laser illumination distribution,and low coupling efficiency,all of which degrade the quality of LSCI in the *** this paper,we propose that conical fiber (CF)-coupled high-coherence laser can be used to achieve large-angle,high-coherence,high-uniformity,and high coupling efficiency laser illumination in the ***,we establish an effective model for calculating the divergence angle of *** phantom and animal experiments,we reveal that laser illumination based on CF markedly enhances endoscopic LSCI *** technology broadens the imaging field of view,enhances the signal-to-noise ratio,enables more sensitive detection of minute blood flow changes,expands the detectable flow range,and improves signal-to-background ratio of endoscopic *** findings suggest that CF-based laser illumination stands as a highly promising advancement in endoscopic LSCI.

关键词： Fiber bundles Laser coupling Laser efficiency Laser glass Single mode lasers Speckle imaging

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Integrating Electric Ambipolar Effect for High-Performance Zinc Bromide Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 382-396页

作者： Wenda Li Hengyue Xu Shanzhe Ke Hongyi Zhang Hao Chen Gaijuan Guo Xuanyi Xiong Shiyao Zhang Jianwei Fu Chengbin Jing Jiangong Cheng Shaohua Liu State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics and Advanced Instrument(Ministry of Education)School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityHaidian DistrictBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xinjiang University666 Shengli RoadUrumqi City 830046People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University75 Daxue RoadZhengzhou 450052People’s Republic of China State Key Lab of Transducer Technology Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China

The coupling of fast redox kinetics,high-energy density,and prolonged lifespan is a permanent aspiration for aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries,but which has been severely hampered by a narrow voltage range and suboptimal compatibility between the electrolytes and ***,we unprecedentedly introduced an electric ambipolar effect for synergistic manipulation on Zn^(2+)ternary-hydrated eutectic electrolyte(ZTE)enabling high-performance Zn-Br_(2)*** electric ambipolar effect motivates strong dipole interactions among hydrated perchlorates and bipolar ligands of L-carnitine(L-CN)and sulfamide,which reorganized primary cations solvation sheath in a manner of forming Zn[(L-CN)(SA)(H_(2)O)_(4)]^(2+)configuration and dynamically restricting desolvated H2O molecules,thus ensuring a broadened electrochemical window of 2.9 V coupled with high ionic ***,L-CN affords an electrostatic shielding effect and an in situ construction of organic-inorganic interphase,endowing oriented Zn anode plating/stripping reversibly for over 2400 ***,with the synergy of electro/nucleophilicity and exceptional compatibility,the ZTE electrolyte dynamically boosts the conversion redox of Zn-Br_(2)batteries in terms of high specific capacity and stable cycling *** findings open a window for designing electrolytes with synergetic chemical stability and compatibility toward advanced zinc-ion batteries.

关键词： Electric ambipolar effect Hydrated eutectic electrolyte Electrostatic shielding Zinc bromide batteries

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A Lightweight YOLO-Based Model in Small Object Detection for UAV Optical Sensors

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 17585-17599页

作者： Sun, Hao-Ran Shi, Bao-Jun Hu, Yun-Long Hebei University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment The Key Laboratory of Advanced Intelligent Protective Equipment Technology Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering Tianjin300401 China

Detecting small objects within extensive remote sensing images captured by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) optical sensors is crucial for a variety of military and civilian purposes, but it poses considerable challenges. To address the difficulties associated with the numerous parameters and the high computational requirements of existing object detection models, as well as the inadequate performance in identifying small objects in remote sensing images (RSIs) captured by UAV optical sensors, this paper proposes a lightweight model for small object detection. Firstly, Focal Scalable Intersection over Union Loss (SIoU) loss derived by integrating the concept of Focal loss into the traditional SIoU loss. Secondly, this study utilizes channel attention (CA) and GhostNet to reconstruct the backbone. A layer specifically designed for detecting small objects is incorporated into YOLOv5s utilized a depth residual network neck. Furthermore, this study establishes a small fire dataset and evaluate this model on the small fire, AI-TOD dataset and DOTA dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed model achieves the lightweight goal while maintaining high detection performance for small objects. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Optical remote sensing

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The solid-phase synthesis of high-stability SrY2O4 and comparative analysis with Y2O3 in melting Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Jin, Xingguang Gao, Pengyue Mao, Lu Miao, Han Huang, Jianzhou He, Dongdong Zhang, Zhen Feng, Qisheng Chen, Guangyao Li, Chonghe State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200072 China Shanghai Special Casting Engineering Technology Research Center Shanghai201605 China

The melting and casting of high-reactivity alloy melts pose significant challenges to the refractory crucibles and shell molds, as the interaction between them often leads to contamination and deterioration of the alloy. In this study, SrY2O4 refractory was fabricated via solid-phase synthesis and evaluated for its high-temperature stability to Ti-46Al-8Nb alloy melt by vacuum induction melting and sessile drop wetting tests. The interactions between the alloy and refractory were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis, with results compared to those of Y2O3 refractory. The experimental results revealed several advantages of SrY2O4 refractory over Y2O3 crucible: (i) Reduced surface corrosion, minimal grain boundary damage, lower contamination, (ii) A stratified cross-section and a thin interaction layer after melting, (iii) Fewer and smaller Y2O3 inclusions in the prepared alloys, (iv) Poorer wetting behavior but higher stability to the high-activity alloy, as well as, (v) Lower oxygen content in the prepared alloy. The SrY2O4 refractory demonstrated superior high-temperature stability in melting of high-activity alloys compared to Y2O3 providing valuable insights for overcoming the contamination issue in the re-melting and casting of high-activity alloy. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Divided GHz burst mode amplification to mJ burst energy and kHz burst rate

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第1期23卷 72-75页

作者： Yunfeng Wu Bowei Yang Zhe Lin Ruoao Yang Xing Chen Yanrong Song Zhigang Zhang School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

We demonstrated a divided pulse amplification of burst pulse *** intraburst rate is 1 GHz,and the burst rate ranges from 1.5 k Hz to 15 *** the pump power of 100 W,the burst pulse energy is adjustable from 2.2μJ to 2... 详细信息

关键词： burst-mode pulse divided pulse amplification high repetition rate fiber laser

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Immunomodulatory hydrogel neutralizes tumor acidity to augment immune responses for the prevention of post-surgical recurrence of melanoma

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期68卷 270-279页

作者： Zhiyuan Quan Linghui Chen Beibei Chen Kangli Guo Pengfei Tian Haobo Pan Yang Li Nana Zhao Fu-Jian Xu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules(Beijing University of Chemical Technology) Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China College of Materials Sciences and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Post-resection recurrence remains a severe problem in melanoma *** therapeutic strategies,such as chemodynamic therapy(CDT),exhibit high specificity and responsiveness,demonstrating potential to elicit antitumor immune responses by triggering immunogenic cell death(ICD).However,the efficacy of CDT still faces challenges from the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)characterized by elevated lactate ***,we propose a strategy to construct an immunomodulatory hydrogel to synergistically reprogram tumor-associated macrophages and amplify ICD to inhibit melanoma recurrence after *** hyaluronic acid hydrogel containing borosilicate glasses(BGs)and Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles(HBF hydrogel)are obtained,which can neutralize tumor acidity to reprogram macrophages to M1 ***,the HBF hydrogel induces reactive oxygen species production in melanoma cells,which could induce ICD through CDT and stimulate strong antitumor immune responses,thereby promoting tumor *** cooperative ICD induced by CDT and immunosuppressive TME remodeling leads to effective suppression of tumor *** work provides a promising strategy for immunomodulation-enhanced melanoma therapy through the fabrication of hydrogel to prevent postsurgical tumor recurrence.

关键词： borosilicate glasses tumor microenvironment chemodynamic therapy tumor acidity melanoma immunotherapy

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Grafting anthraquinone on ultrathin C_(3)N_(4) for selective toluene photooxidation

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Science China Materials 2025年第3期68卷 785-794页

作者： Xiong Wang Guang-Hui Chen Yang Li Sheng Tian Bing-Hao Wang Biao Hu Xing-Sheng Hu Chao Peng Lang Chen Shuang-Feng Yin Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China

Anthraquinone(AQ),an effective hydrogen atom transfer catalyst,is limited in photocatalytic applications due to its *** this study,a simple 3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-1-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/Nhydroxysuccinimide(EDC/HNS)assisted linking strategy was developed to covalently graft AQ-COOH onto C_(3)N_(4)(CN).Using this method,we successfully synthesized amide-bonded CN-AQ ultrathin *** amide covalent bond formed between C_(3)N_(4) and AQ facilitates efficient electron migration from C_(3)N_(4) to *** a result,charge carrier recombination is prevented and the hydrogen atom transfer capacity of AQ is *** CN-AQ photocatalyst exhibits high activity and selectivity with a toluene conversion rate of 10274(mol g^(-1) h^(-1)) and 85% selectivity for benzaldehyde,which is 31 times and 1.7 times higher than those of pristine C_(3)N_(4) and AQ-COOH,*** to the strong covalent bond in CN-AQ composite,the stability of AQ-COOH was greatly *** approach provides a new pathway to improve catalytic efficiency and solve the dimerization problem of AQ.

关键词： anthraquinone C_(3)N_(4) photocatalysis HAT toluene

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nBn mid-wavelength infrared photodetectors based on bulk InGaAsSb absorbers

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Optical Materials Express 2025年第4期15卷 717-723页

作者： Cao, Peng Wei, Jiaqi Bentley, Matthew Davison, Nicholas Hu, Yidan You, Minghui Peng, Hongling Wang, Tiancai Zhuang, Qiandong Zheng, Wanhua Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of Semiconductors CAS Beijing100083 China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors CAS Beijing100083 China College of Electronic and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China Physics Department Lancaster University LancasterLA1 4YB United Kingdom College of Engineering and Technology Jilin Agricultural University 2888 Xincheng Street Changchun130118 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou310024 China

In this paper, we demonstrate an nBn mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) photodetector with a 100% cutoff wavelength over 4.0 µm based on a high-In composition InGaAsSb absorber on GaSb substrate. A thin AlGaAsSb layer is exploited as the barrier layer to suppress the generation-recombination (G-R) current. Both structural and optical properties of the grown InGaAsSb epilayer are investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and photoluminescence (PL) measurement. Low dark current density down to 9.9 × 10−5 A/cm2 and 6.5 × 10−2 A/cm2 are obtained at −500 mV under 77 K and 300 K, respectively. Moreover, respective peak responsivity of 0.64 A/W and 0.10 A/W at 2.67 µm are achieved at −500 mV under 77 K and 160 K. These correspond to a peak specific detectivity of 1.06 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2/W and 4.23 × 109 cm·Hz1/2/W, respectively. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Research on the Mechanism of Electrical Erosion Accelerating Failure in High-Current Pulse Thyristor-Based Switches

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IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability 2025年

作者： Xiao, Shiyun Liu, Yi Li, Liuxia Lin, Fuchang Miao, Yunxin Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wuhan 430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Wuhan 430074 China

High-current pulse thyristor-based switches operate under high-current pulse conditions and are subjected to coupled electromagnetic-thermomechanical stresses, resulting in the progressive development of thermal fatigue-induced failure mechanisms. The study revealed that localized overheating triggers electrical erosion of the aluminum layer, which further accelerates the thermal fatigue failure of high-current switches. To investigate this phenomenon, a microscopic model of the silicon-aluminum interface incorporating surface roughness effects was developed to quantify the transient temperature rise and electrical erosion threshold under varying pulsed current conditions, with experimental validation demonstrating strong agreement. Furthermore, using a thermal network model, we established a correlation between the electrical erosion threshold and the average junction temperature for different high-current pulses and clamping stresses, thereby defining the operational range for electrical erosion in high-current pulse thyristor-based switches. This provides theoretical guidance for the reliable operation of these switches. © 2001-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Electrical erosion localized overheating microscopic contact model overall junction temperature threshold current

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Laser direct writing of flexible multifunctional airflow sensors on the Kevlar fabric

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 443-454页

作者： Wei Wang Zi-Qing Chen Yong-Qi Li Yu-Long Wang Mei-Chen Liu Yun-Bo Ruan Yang Zhang Shu-Juan Liu Qiang Zhao College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Zhe Jiang Topsun Logistic Control CO. LTD.Yuhuan 317600China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina and School of Health Preservation and RehabilitationNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023China

The growing interest in flexible devices has emerged as a global trend due to their advantages in flexibility,lightweight structure,and wearability,addressing the limitations of traditional *** wearable airflow sensors have been previously reported,the development of flexible fabric-based airflow sensors capable of functioning in environments with open flames—critical for fire rescue operations—has yet to be explored,largely due to the poor fire resistance of conventional *** this work,we first present a flexible,wearable,and multifunctional airflow sensor with excellent fire-resistant properties,fabricated through a simple direct laser writing *** sensor maintains airflow detection capabilities even in the presence of open ***,the fabrication of fabric-based sensors involves complex procedures such as carbon materials doping or vapor-phase deposition,leading to lengthy preparation cycles and high ***,fabric-based devices are inherently prone to *** address these challenges,we introduce twice-vertical laser-induced graphene(TVLIG)as a sensitive and reliable component for fire-resistant airflow *** resulting TVLIG/Kevlar fabric can be integrated into various garments,particularly protective suits,to form sensitive and fire-resistant airflow sensors capable of detecting airflow velocity and direction in both two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)spaces during fire ***,the TVLIG patterns can be expanded to multifunctional platforms,such as glucose detection for injured individuals,offering further applications in rescue *** functional expansion reduces the burden on rescue personnel and streamlines device *** its outstanding sensing capabilities,fire resistance,and expandability,the developed flexible airflow sensor shows great potential for various real-world rescue scenarios,promising advancements in wearable sensing technology for rescue enginee

关键词： flexible airflow sensor direct laser writing twice-vertical laser-induced graphene fire accident rescue Kevlar fabric

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