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Boosting cationic and anionic redox activity of Li-rich layered oxide cathodes via Li/Ni disordered regulation

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 533-543页

作者： Zewen Liu Zhen Wu Hao Wang Xudong Zhang Yuanzhen Chen Yongning Liu Shengwu Guo Shenghua Chen Yanli Nan Yan Liu State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055ShaanxiChina Hefei Advanced Computing Center Operation Management Corp Ltd Hefei 230088AnhuiChina Network Information Center Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina

Lithium-rich layered oxides (LLOs) are increasingly recognized as promising cathode materials for nextgeneration high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).However,they suffer from voltage decay and low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) due to severe structural degradation caused by irreversible O ***,we introduce a three-in-one strategy of increasing Ni and Mn content,along with Li/Ni disordering and TM–O covalency regulation to boost cationic and anionic redox activity simultaneously and thus enhance the electrochemical activity of *** target material,Li_(1.2)Ni_(0.168)Mn_(0.558)Co_(0.074)O_(2)(L1),exhibits an improved ICE of 87.2%and specific capacity of 293.2 mA h g^(-1)and minimal voltage decay of less than 0.53 m V cycle-1over 300 cycles at 1C,compared to Li_(1.2)Ni_(0.13)Mn_(0.54)Co_(0.13)O_(2)(Ls)(274.4 mA h g^(-1)for initial capacity,73.8%for ICE and voltage decay of 0.84 mV/cycle over 300 cycles at 1C).Theoretical calculations reveal that the density of states (DOS) area near the Fermi energy level for L1 is larger than that of Ls,indicating higher anionic and cationic redox reactivity than ***,L1 exhibits increased O-vacancy formation energy due to higher Li/Ni disordering of 4.76%(quantified by X-ray diffraction Rietveld refinement) and enhanced TM–O covalency,making lattice O release more difficult and thus improving electrochemical *** increased Li/Ni disordering also leads to more Ni^(2+)presence in the Li layer,which acts as a pillar during Li+de-embedding,improving structural *** research not only presents a viable approach to designing low-Co LLOs with enhanced capacity and ICE but also contributes significantly to the fundamental understanding of structural regulation in high-performance LIB cathodes.

关键词： Low-Co Li-rich layered oxides Li/Ni disordering TM-O covalency Cationic and anionic redox activity

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Robust Watermarking Based on Multi-layer Watermark Feature Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Wu, Shaowu Lu, Wei Luo, Xiangyang Sun Yat-Sen University School of Computer Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Information Technology Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Technology Guangzhou510006 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Henan450002 China

The purpose of robust image watermarking is to embed a watermark into a carrier image in an invisible form and extract the watermark successfully even under noise interference conditions to achieve copyright confirmation and traceability. Although watermarking methods based on deep learning can improve the robustness by adding a noise simulation layer, few theoretical analyses of the codec structure have been conducted. Theoretical explainability is the theoretical basis for developing a network architecture, which plays a guiding role in network development. On the basis of the interpretability of convolutional networks, this paper analyzes the mathematical process of embedding and extracting watermarks in codecs and proposes a novel watermarking framework based on multi-layer watermark feature fusion. Specifically, the encoder can be a convolutional network structure of arbitrary depth, whereas the decoder needs only to adopt its corresponding deconvolution structure. To improve the quality and robustness of the generated watermarked image, the watermark is associated with an arbitrary layer feature space in the decoder. In the decoder, the network quickly converges to each original encoding feature space through the deconvolution structure, thus decoupling the watermark features. Finally, the watermark is extracted via the automatic fusion of multi-layer watermark features. The experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for few-shot learning, and its invisibility, robustness and generalization performance on multiple datasets are significantly better than those of other advanced methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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Pixel+ and Pixel++: compact and efficient forward-secure multi-signatures for PoS blockchain consensus 24

Pixel+ and Pixel++: compact and efficient forward-secure mul...

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Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium

作者： Jianghong Wei Guohua Tian Ding Wang Fuchun Guo Willy Susilo Xiaofeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University and State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks (ISN) Xidian University College of Cyber Science Nankai University School of Computing and Information Technology University of Wollongong

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133441

Multi-signature schemes have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to their popular applications in PoS blockchains. However, the use of general multi-signature schemes poses a critical threat to the security of PoS blockchains once signing keys get corrupted. That is, after an adversary obtains enough signing keys, it can break the immutable nature of PoS blockchains by forking the chain and modifying the history from some point in the past. Forward-secure multi-signature (FS-MS) schemes can overcome this issue by periodically updating signing keys. The only FS-MS construction currently available is Drijvers et al's Pixel, which builds on pairing groups and only achieves forward security at the time period *** this work, we present new FS-MS constructions that either are free from pairing or capture forward security at the individual message level (i.e., fine-grained forward security). Our first construction Pixel+ works for a maximum number of time periods T. Pixel+ signatures consist of only one group element, and can be verified using two exponentiations. It is the first FS-MS from RSA assumption, and has 3.5x and 22.8x faster signing and verification than Pixel, respectively. Our second FS-MS construction Pixel++ is a pairing-based one. It immediately revokes the signing key's capacity of re-signing the message after creating a signature on this message, rather than at the end of the current time period. Thus, it provides more practical forward security than Pixel. On the other hand, Pixel++ is almost as efficient as Pixel in terms of signing and verification. Both Pixel+ and Pixel++ allow for non-interactive aggregation of signatures from independent signers and are proven to be secure in the random oracle model. In addition, they also support the aggregation of public keys, significantly reducing the storage overhead on PoS *** demonstrate how to integrate Pixel+ and Pixel++ into PoS blockchains. As a proof-of-concept, we provid

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Ultra-low power MoS2 optoelectronic synapse with wavelength sensitivity for color target recognition

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 187-196页

作者： Bo WEI Yabo CHEN Xiaotong HAN Yan KANG Bujia LIANG Cheng LI Xiaokuo YANG Liang FANG Yuanxi PENG Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of ComputerNational University of Defense Technology Fundamentals Department Air Force Engineering University College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense Technology Institute of Quantum Information Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense Technology College of Computer National University of Defense Technology

Optoelectronic synapses that integrate visual perception and pre-processing hold significant potential for neuromorphic vision systems（NVSs）. However, due to a lack of wavelength sensitivity, existing NVS mainly focuses on gray-scale image processing, making it challenging to recognize color images. Additionally, the high power consumption of optoelectronic synapses, compared to the 10 fJ energy consumption of biological synapses, limits their broader application. To address these challenges, an energy-efficient NVS capable of color target recognition in a noisy environment was developed,utilizing a MoS2optoelectronic synapse with wavelength sensitivity. Benefiting from the distinct photon capture capabilities of 450, 535, and 650 nm light, the optoelectronic synapse exhibits wavelength-dependent synaptic plasticity, including excitatory postsynaptic current（EPSC）, paired-pulse facilitation（PPF）, and long-term plasticity（LTP）. These properties can effectively mimic the visual memory and color discrimination functions of the human vision system. Results demonstrate that the NVS, based on MoS2optoelectronic synapses, can eliminate the color noise at the sensor level, increasing color image recognition accuracy from 50% to 90%. Importantly, the optoelectronic synapse operates at a low voltage spike of0.0005 V, consuming only 0.075 fJ per spike, surpassing the energy efficiency of both existing optoelectronic and biological synapses. This ultra-low power, color-sensitive device eliminates the need for color filters and offers great promise for future deployment in filter-free NVS.

关键词： optoelectronic synapse neuromorphic vision system color recognition 2D materials image pre-processing

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Obtaining Electromagnetic Properties of Multi-Type Media in Realistic Environments:state-of-the-Art and Prospects

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China Communications 2025年第1期22卷 25-40页

作者： Guo Lantu Guan Ke Liu Ting He Danping Zhang Haixia Zhu Qiuming Lu Jun Zhang Minggao China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation Qingdao 266107China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Shandong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Communication and Sensing-Computing Integration Jinan 250061China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001China

To meet the requirements of electromagnetic(EM)theory and applied physics,this study presents an overview of the state-of-the-art research on obtaining the EM properties of media and points out potential solutions that can break through the bottlenecks of current ***,based on the survey of three mainstream approaches for acquiring EM properties of media,we identify the difficulties when implementing them in realistic *** a focus on addressing these problems and challenges,we propose a novel paradigm for obtaining the EM properties of multi-type media in realistic ***,within this paradigm,we describe the implementation approach of the key technology,namely“multipath extraction using heterogeneous wave propagation data in multi-spectrum cases”.Finally,the latest measurement and simulation results show that the EM properties of multi-type media in realistic environments can be precisely and efficiently acquired by the methodology proposed in this study.

关键词： electromagnetic properties of media multi-type media parameter inversion ray tracing realistic environment

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Triangle Matters! TopDyG: Topology-aware Transformer for Link Prediction on Dynamic Graphs 25

Triangle Matters! TopDyG: Topology-aware Transformer for Lin...

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Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025

作者： Xin Zhang Fei Cai Jianming Zheng Zhiqiang Pan Wanyu Chen Honghui Chen Chonghao Chen National Key Laboratory of Information Systems Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi China College of Electronic Countermeasures National University of Defense Technology Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712746

Dynamic graph link prediction is widely utilized in the complex web of the real world, such as social networks, citation networks, recommendation systems, etc. Recent Transformer-based link prediction methods on dynamic graphs not only fail to model the fine-grained structures such as triangles with the vanilla Transformers in the graph serialization process, but also amplify the imbalanced distribution of graphs because of their over-estimation of high-degree nodes. To tackle these issues, we propose a Topology-aware Transformer on Dynamic Graph (TopDyG) for link prediction, consisting of a topology injected Transformer (Ti-Transformer) and a mutual information learning (Mi-Learning). The Ti-Transformer explores the explicit structure of serialized graphs, capturing the topological features. The Mi-Learning mines the relationship between nodes by modeling the mutual information with a prior knowledge, alleviating the over-estimation of high-degree nodes when applying the Transformer-based models for the dynamic graph link prediction task. Extensive experiments on four public datasets containing both transductive and inductive settings present the superiority of our proposal. In particular, TopDyG presents an improvement of 43.27% and 28.75% against the state-of-the-art baselines in terms of NDCG and Jaccard, respectively. The advantages are especially obvious on the high-density graphs.

关键词： dynamic graphs

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FASTEN: Video Event Localization based on Audio-Visual Feature Alignment and Multi-Scale Temporal Enhancement

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IEEE Signal Processing Letters 2025年 32卷 2010-2014页

作者： Liu, Yin Wu, Qin Zeng, Mingyong Liu, Yahan Pan, Yuying Jiangnan University School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Wuxi 214122 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi 214083 China Jiangnan University School of Internet of Things Engineering Wuxi 214122 China

The audio-visual event localization task investigates how audio and visual modalities can mutually enhance video event localization. Current methods often rely on single-modality features or lack effective initial alignment between modalities. Although feature pyramids with multiple resolutions are commonly used, the effective and efficient mining of cross-modal and cross-level semantics remains a challenge. In this letter, we propose FASTEN, which stands for audio-visual Feature Alignment and multi-Scale Temporal ENhancement. Novel features derived from an initially aligned multimodal model are introduced and have been shown to be remarkably beneficial. We design an efficient encoder by sharing weights across all pyramid levels and propose a weighted cross-modal attention module to facilitate interaction between modalities. Additionally, global and local pyramids are fused to jointly capture multi-scale temporal dependencies. Evaluated on UnAV-100 and AVE, our method significantly outperforms competing solutions while reducing parameters and computational FLOPs greatly. © 1994-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Audio-visual event localization cross-modal fusion multi-scale enhancement

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Adaptive cyclic gradient methods with interpolation

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Computational Optimization and Applications 2025年 1-25页

作者： Xie, Yixin Sun, Cong Yuan, Ya-Xiang School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) Beijing China Key Laboratory of Mathematics and Information Networks (BUPT) Ministry of Education Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Scientific/Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Gradient method is an important method for solving large scale problems. In this paper, a new gradient method framework for unconstrained optimization problem is proposed, where the stepsize is updated in a cyclic way. The Cauchy step is approximated by the quadratic interpolation. And the cycle for stepsize update is adjusted adaptively. Combining with the adaptive nonmonotone line search technique, we prove the global convergence of the proposed method. Furthermore, its sublinear convergence rate for convex problems and R-linear convergence rate for problems with quadratic functional growth property are analyzed. Numerical results show that our proposed algorithm enjoys good performances in terms of both computational cost and obtained function values.

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A Note on "Constructing Bent Functions Outside the Maiorana-McFarland Class Using a General Form of Rothaus"

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Guo, Fei Wang, Zilong Gong, Guang State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering University Zhengzhou450001 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

In 2017, Zhang et al. proposed a question (not open problem) and two open problems in [IEEE TIT 63 (8): 5336–5349, 2017] about constructing bent functions by using Rothaus’ construction. In this note, we prove that the sufficient conditions of Rothaus’ construction are also necessary, which answers their question. Besides, we demonstrate that the second open problem, which considers the iterative method of constructing bent functions by using Rothaus’ construction, has only a trivial solution. It indicates that all bent functions obtained by using Rothaus’ construction iteratively can be generated from the direct sum of an initial bent function and a quadratic bent function. This directly means that Zhang et al.’s construction idea makes no contribution to the construction of bent functions. To compensate the weakness of their work, we propose an iterative construction of bent functions by using a secondary construction in [DCC 88: 2007–2035, 2020]. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Hadamard transforms

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On greedy randomized coordinate updating iteration methods for solving symmetric eigenvalue problems

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Applied Numerical Mathematics 2025年 216卷 76-97页

作者： Zhong-Zhi Bai State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Sciences Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 PR China State Key Laboratory of Scientific/Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 2719 Beijing 100190 PR China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 PR China

In order to compute the smallest eigenvalue and its corresponding eigenvector of a large-scale, real, and symmetric matrix, we propose a class of greedy randomized coordinate updating iteration methods based on the principle that the indices of larger entries in absolute value of the current residual are selected with a higher probability and, with respect to this index set, the next iterate is updated from the current iterate along with the selected coordinate such that the corresponding entry of the residual is annihilated, resulting in fast convergence rates of the proposed iteration methods. Under appropriate conditions, we prove the convergence of both sequences of the Rayleigh-quotients and the acute angles between the iterates and the eigenvector in terms of the expectation. By numerical experiments, we show that this class of greedy randomized coordinate updating iteration methods are advantageous over the parameterized power method and the coordinate descent method in both iteration counts and computing times. Moreover, with theoretical analysis and computational performance, we confirm that the convergence property of this class of iteration methods can be improved significantly by suitably choosing the arbitrary nonnegative parameter involved in the greedy probability criterion.

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