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Design of a Novel Macro-Micro Integrated Brain Surgery Robot Based on Modular Parallel Mechanisms

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第5期37卷 349-364页

作者： Hao Zheng Chenbo Liang Feng Gao Chenkun Qi Bingze He Renqiang Liu Longhai Chen State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

The advancement and development of medical surgical robots have provided new technological support for brain surgery and neurosurgical procedures,improving the reliability of highly complex and precise *** turn,this urges the design and development of novel surgical robots to possess higher precision,stability,and enhanced motion *** response to this practical demand,this paper introduces a macro-micro integrated medical brain surgery robot system based on the concept of modular PMs(parallel mechanisms),which have a total of 13 active DOFs(degrees of freedom).This system divides the motion process of brain surgery into a large-scale macro-motion space and a small-scale high-precision motion space for design and planning *** introduction of the design concept that combines multiple modular parallel sub-mechanisms has brought a significant level of decoupling characteristics to the mechanism itself.A comprehensive introduction and analysis of the surgical robot are provided,covering aspects such as design,kinematics,motion planning,and performance *** address the pose allocation and coordination of motion between the macro platform and the micro platform,a pose allocation algorithm based on the decoupling and non-decoupling characteristics in various dimensions of the macro-micro platform is *** designed measurement experiments have demonstrated that the repeatability in positioning accuracy of the macro and micro platform reaches the level of micron and submicron *** experiments of motion control and simulated brain electrode implantation validate the excellent performance and stability of the entire surgical robot *** research contributes innovative insights to the development of medical surgical robot systems,particularly in the domain of mechanism design.

关键词： Medical surgical robot Macro-micro integrated system Modular parallel mechanism High-precision robot

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Investigation on laser annealing mechanism of fused silica optics polished by CO2 lasers based on fictive temperature distribution 8

Investigation on laser annealing mechanism of fused silica o...

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Advanced Laser Processing and Manufacturing VIII 2024

作者： Zhang, Tianhao Zhao, Linjie Chen, Mingjun Cheng, Jian Yin, Zhaoyang Li, Tianyuan State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510681972

ISBN: (纸本)9781510681965

CO2 laser polishing process can significantly improve the surface quality and the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of fused silica optics. However, due to the thermal history of the laser polishing process, the increment of the fictive temperature inside the modification layer would cause densification and residual stress, which critically affect the surface accuracy and the service life of fused silica optics. In this work, a 3D multi-physical coupling model including temperature, fluid flow and fictive temperature was established. Based on the fictive temperature distribution of the fused silica polished by CO2 lasers, the mechanism of laser annealing on the modified layer was revealed. The annealing results of fused silica were defined as three states including incomplete annealing, perfect annealing and over annealing. Based on the simulation results, the fictive temperature inside the modified layer was completely reduced with no increment of modified layer depth under the perfect annealing state. Additionally, the residual stress and the fictive temperature after the laser annealing were characterized by the Raman spectrum. The fictive temperature was reduced by 16.8 % and the residual stress was effectively reduced. This work can provide theoretical and experimental guidance for the control of surface modification and residual stress of fused silica optics polished by CO2 lasers. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Fused silica

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Leader-follower:Human-centered intention-guided controller for novel SuperLimb with application to load-carrying scenarios

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 321-334页

作者： Qinghua ZHANG Xianglong LI Hongwei JING Kerui SUN Yuancheng LI Sikai ZHAO Lele LI Haotian JU Ziqi WANG Rui WU Tianjiao ZHENG Jie ZHAO Yanhe ZHU The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China The Learning Algorithms and Systems Laboratory School of EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneLausanne CH 101510587Switzerland

Supernumerary robotic arms(SuperLimb)are a new type of wearable robot that works closely with humans as a third hand to augment human operation *** conveyance of wearers'intentions,allocation of roles,and humancentered interaction considerations are the key points in the process of human-SuperLimb *** paper proposes a human-centered intention-guided leader-follower controller that relies on the dynamic modeling of SuperLimb with application to load-carrying *** proposed leader-follower controller takes the human as the leader and the SuperLimb as the follower,achieving effective information communication,autonomous coordination,and good force compliance between SuperLimb,humans,and the environment under human safety ***,the human-SuperLimb dynamic system is modeled to achieve force interaction with the environment and ***,to achieve the precise intention extraction of humans,pose data from five visual odometry sensors are fused to capture the human state,the generalized position,the velocity of hands,and the surface electromyography signals from two myoelectric bracelets sensors are processed to recognize the natural hand gestures during load-carrying scenarios by a designed Swin transformer ***,based on the real-time distance detection between human and mechanical limbs,the security assurance and force-compliant interaction of the human-SuperLimb system are ***,the human hand muscle intention recognition,human-robot safety strategy verification,and comparative load-carrying experiments with and without the proposed method are conducted on the SuperLimb *** showed that the task parameters are well estimated to produce more reasonable planning trajectories,and SuperLimb could well understand the wearer's intentions to switch different SuperLimb *** proposed sensor-based human-robot communication framework motivates future studies of other collaboration scenes fo

关键词： SuperLimb leader-follower human intention estimation human-robot safety human-robot communication

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A Real-Time Planning and Control Framework for Robust and Dynamic Quadrupedal Locomotion

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第4期20卷 1449-1466页

作者： Jun Li Haibo Gao Yuhui Wan Haitao Yu Chengxu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China School of Mechanical Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Legged locomotion poses significant challenges due to its nonlinear,underactuated and hybrid dynamic *** challenges are exacerbated by the high-speed motion and presence of aerial phases in dynamic legged locomotion,which highlights the requirement for online planning based on current states to cope with uncertainty and *** article proposes a real-time planning and control framework integrating motion planning and whole-body *** the framework,the designed motion planner allows a wider body rotation range and fast reactive behaviors based on the 3-D single rigid body *** addition,the combination of a Bézier curve based trajectory interpolator and a heuristic-based foothold planner helps generate continuous and smooth foot *** developed whole-body controller uses hierarchical quadratic optimization coupled with the full system dynamics,which ensures tasks are prioritized based on importance and joint commands are physically *** performance of the framework is successfully validated in experiments with a torque-controlled quadrupedal robot for generating dynamic motions.

关键词： Bionic robot Legged locomotion Motion planning Whole-body control

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The effects of 17β-trenbolone and bisphenol A on sexual behavior and social dominance via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in male mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 54-67页

作者： Xiang Zuo Minghe Sun Huijuan Bai Shuhui Zhang Jialu Luan Qian Yu Zhenhua Fu Qili Zhao Mingzhu Sun Xin Zhao Xizeng Feng College of Life Science State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyThe Key Laboratory of Bioactive MaterialsMinistry of EducationNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Institute of Robotics&Automatic Information System College of Artificial IntelligenceNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

17β-Trenbolone(17-TB)is well documented as an environmental endocrine disruptor in aquatic biological studies,but its effects on mammals remain poorly ***,17-TB acts as a hormone with properties similar to testosterone,and the consequences of juvenile exposure on adult social behavior remain *** A(BPA)acts as an estrogen-like hormone,compared to ***-week-old male Balb/c mice were exposed orally to 17-TB(100μg/(kg·day))and BPA(4 mg/(kg·day))for 28 *** of social interactions and a three-chamber test showed that 17-TB increased virility in male mice,intensified both male and female sexual behavior,and attracted and accepted female *** also increased social dominance through tube tests inmalemice and markedly activated the c-Fos^(+)immune response in themedial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)and basal amygdala(BLA).ELISA data showed that 17-TB and BPA exposure significantly affected serum gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH),growth hormone(GH),estradiol(E2),and luteinizing hormone(LH)levels,as well as testicular lesions and androgen receptor(ARβ)and estrogen receptor(ERα)*** transcriptomic analysis further confirmed that could disrupt steroid synthesis and linoleic acid-related biometabolic *** findings suggest the influence of 17-TB and BPA exposure on sexual behavior and fertility in male mice,possibly through modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal *** study provides insights relevant to human reproductive health and neuro-social behavioral research,and the potential risk of environmental disturbances should not be overlooked.

关键词： 17β-Trenbolone(17-TB) Bisphenol A(BPA) hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis(HPG) Sex hormones Social dominance Sexual behavior

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Data-Driven Robust Model Predictive Control for Pose Tracking of Redundant Manipulators

Data-Driven Robust Model Predictive Control for Pose Trackin...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on robotics and Biomimetics, ROBIO 2024

作者： Chen, Zhaoyang Ni, Fenglei Min, Kang Liu, Hong Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Heilongjiang Province Harbin150001 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665481090

In this paper, we present a data-driven robust model predictive control (DD-RMPC) method for pose tracking of redundant manipulators. Firstly, a MPC-based trajectory tracking framework is established, in which the joint limits at three different levels (angle, velocity, and acceleration) are satisfied. Secondly, to deal with the system model's uncertainty, accelerate the error convergence speed, and reduce tracking errors, a novel data-driven RMPC is proposed, in which the system's input-output data are used to compensate for the conservatism of the system. Finally, the simulation results on a seven degrees of freedoms (DOFs) redundant manipulator show that DD-RMPC provides a faster error convergence rate and achieves smaller pose tracking errors than that of the comparison methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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A Kinematic Decoupling Whole-body Control Method for a Mobile Humanoid Upper Body Robot

A Kinematic Decoupling Whole-body Control Method for a Mobil...

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2023 International Conference on Frontiers of robotics and Software Engineering, FRSE 2023

作者： Ju, Fengjia Jin, Hongzhe Zhao, Jie Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350301113

The mobile humanoid upper body robot combines the humanoid upper body robot with the mobile platform. It has high redundancy and can complete complex tasks. However, coupling joints, including the waist joints and the mobile platform, exist in the configuration of the robot. During the task execution, the motion of the end-effectors on the dual arms are not independent, but interfere with each other through the motion of the waist and the mobile platform. Therefore, we need to decouple the waist and mobile platform from the dual arms. Based on the pseudo-inverse method of the redundant manipulators, we consider the motion of the coupling joints as a disturbance term and propose a kinematic decoupling whole-body control method. The method realizes the decoupling and cooperation of dual arms, avoids the interference of the inverse kinematics model of the dual arms, and fully releases the application potential of the high redundancy. The decoupling method allows the waist joints and the mobile platform to move randomly without affecting the task operation at the end-effectors, and to further plan their movements separately in order to smooth the whole body motion. The simulations on the mobile humanoid upper body robot verifies our method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： End effectors

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Optimizing Dataset Configuration for Improving Convolutional Neural Networks Performance in Chest X-ray Image Classification 8

Optimizing Dataset Configuration for Improving Convolutional...

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8th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing, ICSP 2023

作者： He, Zengmin Ren, Yi Wang, Honggang Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302455

Chest X-ray (CXR) is essential for physicians to diagnose lung diseases in clinical medicine. With the development of computer and deep learning techniques, creating CXR datasets to train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has become a popular research topic. However, there are still challenges in creating datasets due to class imbalance and the ratio setting of datasets. This study investigated the impact of class imbalance and the ratio of training, validation, and test sets on CNNs classification performance by optimizing the dataset configuration. This was achieved by directly modifying the ratio, applying oversampling based on the adaptive contrast enhancement (ACE) algorithm, and random undersampling to balance the dataset classes, followed by modifying the ratio again. Therefore, seven datasets were obtained, which were utilized to individually train four CNNs based on transfer learning and fine-tuning techniques. Evaluation metrics based on the confusion matrix were utilized to demonstrate the enhanced classification performance of CNNs. The results indicated that at least 17% of the accuracy of CNNs trained by the dataset with modified ratios was improved as compared with the dataset with an unreasonable initial configuration. Additionally, the overall evaluation metrics of CNNs were further improved by balancing the dataset classes and modifying the ratios. ChexNet demonstrated the best classification performance among the four CNNs, as evidenced by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC). Furthermore, ChexNet was trained by a class balanced dataset with a ratio of 7:2:1, resulting in the best evaluation metrics, including F1 Score, balanced accuracy, accuracy, recall, specificity, and precision, which were 97.81%, 97.78%, 97.78%, 98.73%, 96.84%, and 96.89%, respectively. Therefore, optimizing dataset configuration can effectively improve the performance of CNNs, providing empirical guidance for researchers in creating dat

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A Rigid-Soft Pneumatic Wrist with Fixed Rotation Axes and Active Jamming Variable Stiffness Mechanisms 16th

A Rigid-Soft Pneumatic Wrist with Fixed Rotation Axes and Ac...

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16th International Conference on Intelligent robotics and Applications, ICIRA 2023

作者： Ding, Kehan Jiang, Li Zhen, Ruichen State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819964888

The wrist can greatly enhance the manipulative performance of dexterous hands. In addition, due to the flexibility of soft materials, the soft wrist has obvious advantages in environmental adaptability and safety. However, existing soft wrists often have small motion curvatures and cannot modulate stiffness. Inspired by the human wrist, we proposed a rigid-soft pneumatic wrist design with fixed axes, realizing variable stiffness through jamming mechanisms. The wrist is composed of two rotatory joints in series to achieve pronation/supination and flexion/extension motions. Each joint is driven by two opposite-mounted actuators, resulting in active bidirectional movement. The pre-stretched mounting of pneumatic actuators eliminates the stiffness torque effects. Both joints have independent jamming stiffening mechanisms controlled by air pressure and require no additional power source, which makes the stiffness control more flexible. Experimental results demonstrated that the maximum output torques of the two joints reached 1.18 Nm and 1.40 Nm, and the jamming mechanism increased the stiffness of the joints by 55.3% and 67.2% in the practical test, respectively. The proposed rigid-soft wrist provides a feasible solution for enhancing the manipulative ability of soft dexterous hands. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.

关键词： Pneumatic actuators

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Data Augmentation for Improving CNNs in Medical Image Classification 8

Data Augmentation for Improving CNNs in Medical Image Classi...

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8th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing, ICSP 2023

作者： Ren, Yi He, Zengmin Deng, Yang Huang, Bo Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302455

Medical image is essential for physicians to diagnose diseases. And convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained momentum for computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) medical image. However, there are still challenges in CNNs related to a lack of data and class-imbalanced datasets. Data augmentation is utilized to address the issues mentioned above. In this study, the Pseudo-color enhancement algorithm (OCEAN and TWILIGHT), common linear transform, CLAHE enhancement, and K-means clustering algorithm were applied to pneumonia X-ray images for data augmentation. Thus, five processed datasets were finally obtained. The results indicated that five data-augmentation methods effectively improved the performance of CNNs for the pneumonia X-ray images binary classification detection, in which the CLAHE enhancement and OCEAN enhancement methods had the accuracy and F1 Score with 97.42%, 97.19%, and 97.42%, 98.36%, respectively. DenseNet121 showed the best classification performance of four CNNs utilized in this study, as evidenced by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUC). To verify the generalizability of the two enhancement methods, CLAHE and OCEAN enhancement methods were applied to the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) dataset of Alzheimer's disease, which had the accuracy and F1 Score with 98.15% , 98.15%, and 97.22%, 97.68%, respectively. Therefore, these simple and efficient data-augmentation methods effectively improve the performance of CNNs for diagnosing medical image, which can provide theoretical reference for physicians to diagnose the above two diseases, and advance the application of clinical medicine. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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