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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Gao, Chuntian Wu, Pan Shan, Jianqiang State Key Laboratory of Multi phase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China

Safety analysis is an important issue in the feasibility evaluation of a new reactor concept. The preliminary safety analysis of a reactor system, which applies simple Super-critical Carbon Dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle as its direct power conversion system, is carried out via an in-house safety analysis code SCTRAN/CO2 in this paper. Typical accidents for gas cooled reactor and Brayton cycle system are analyzed, like loss of flow accident (LOFA), reactivity insertion accident (RIA). Passive reactor decay heat removal system is evaluated under these accidents. This work will be benefit for the safety evaluation and safety system design for the newly proposedS-CO2 cooled reactor concept. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Tapered optical fiber photocatalysis enhances hydrogen production

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Nano Energy 2025年 142卷

作者： Wenshuo Yao Xueli Yan Feng Liu Shidong Zhao Zhongyuan Li Yi Wang Yitao Si Maochang Liu International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an Shaanxi 710049 P R China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 211189 P R China Suzhou Academy of Xi’an Jiaotong University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P R China

Optical fibers offer a promising platform for photocatalytic reactions owing to their low resistance to light-mass transfer. However, light energy diminishes during propagation, leading to uneven catalyst interaction along the fiber surface. Here, we report a photocatalytic water splitting system using a tapered optical fiber coated with Cd 0.5 Zn 0.5 S as a model photocatalyst. Tapering the fiber intensifies light distribution, primarily directing it from the sides, thereby significantly enhancing light-catalyst interaction. Compared to conventional optical fiber, the tapered fiber leads to an obvious enhancement towards hydrogen production. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of tapered optical fiber photocatalysis, providing a novel proof-of-concept for photocatalytic hydrogen production.

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Single-atom cobalt-incorporating carbon nitride for photocatalytic solar hydrogen conversion: An X-ray spectromicroscopy study

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Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 2023年 264卷

作者： Huang, Yu-Cheng Chen, Jie Lu, Ying-Rui Arul, K. Thanigai Ohigashi, Takuji Chen, Jeng-Lung Chen, Chi-Liang Shen, Shaohua Chou, Wu-Ching Pong, Way-Faung Dong, Chung-Li National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30010 Taiwan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Research Center for X-ray Science & Department of Physics Tamkang University New Taipei City25137 Taiwan Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukabu Japan UVSOR Synchrotron Facility Institute for Molecular Science Okazaki Japan International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi`an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi`an710049 China Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The use of carbon nitride-based materials and light to drive catalytic water splitting has enormous potential for the production of hydrogen. Revealing the processes of molecular conjugation, nucleation, and crystallization in crystalline carbon nitride is expected to enhance the photocatalytic activity through the creation of isotype heterojunctions and active sites. In this work, the addition of cobalt salts in ionothermal synthesis was found to promote the phase transition of heptazine-based crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) to triazine-based poly (triazine imide) (PTI), resulting in the formation of a single-atom cobalt-doped coordinated isotype CCN/PTI heterojunction. The new hybrid orbital modulates the atomic/electronic structure and the band gap of the CCN/PTI heterojunction, and synergistically increases the absorption of visible light, accelerating the separation and transfer of photoexcited electrons and holes. Synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy and microscopy are used to identify the origin of the improved performance of the single-atom cobalt-doped CCN/PTI heterojunction in the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. This work demonstrates that synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy is a promising tool for designing materials aimed at enhancing photocatalytic activity in solar energy conversion applications. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Carbon nitride

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Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of highland barley straw, food waste, and yak manure:Co-digestion performances and microbial characteristics analysis

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Renewable Energy 2025年 252卷

作者： Rui Bao Jiaqi Feng Wenli Feng Xiujin Li Xuebin Lu Xiaoyu Zuo Rufei Liu Hairong Yuan State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 PR China Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of MOE School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shanxi Province 710049 PR China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi Province 710049 PR China School of Environmental·Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 PR China Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering and Pollution Control on the Plateau of Tibet Autonomous Region School of Ecology and Environment Tibet University Lhasa Tibet 850000 PR China CUCDE Environmental Technology CO. LTD. Beijing 100120 PR China

Co-digestion performances and microbial characteristics were investigated at solid-state anaerobic co-digestion system for highland barley straw (HBS), food waste (FW) and yak manure (YM). The different mixing ratios of HBS, FW, and YM were set according to the total solid content of different substrates. The results showed that the highest methane was 465.9 mL/g VS when the ratio of HBS:FW:YM was 0:5:1(HFY051), which was 4.5 %–102.6 % higher than those of co-digestion groups, HBS, and YM. The synergistic effect of co-digestion for different substrates contributed 6.3 %–123.1 % to improving methane yields in the first 25 days. Clostridium_sensu_stricto 1 and Fastidiosipila were the key bacterials and Methanosarcina and Methanobacterium were dominant methanogens at genus levels for different experimental groups. LEfSe indicated that 26 species have a great impact on co-digestion experimental groups. Therefore, solid-state anaerobic co-digestion of HBS, FW, and YM could improve the co-digestion performances and achieve higher methane yield.

关键词： Food waste Highland barley straw Microbial community Solid-state anaerobic co-digestion Yak manure

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A bundle CHF mechanism model and its preliminary verification under PWR conditions 18

A bundle CHF mechanism model and its preliminary verificatio...

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18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, NURETH 2019

作者： Liu, Yang Shan, Jianqiang Zhang, Bo Liu, Wei State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University No. 28 Xianning West Road Xi'an Shaanxi Province710049 China Nuclear Power Institute of China State Key Laboratory of System Desgin Technology Chengdu Sichuan Province610213 China

A bundle mechanistic model to predict critical heat flux (CHF) over a pressurized water reactor (PWR) operating range in flow boiling has been proposed based on a concept of the bubble crowding in the wall bubbly layer. The new bundle mechanistic model has the following differences with the original tube model proposed by Weisman & Pei. Firstly,the radial velocity distribution within the bundle was used to derive the radial turbulence intensity factor ib instead of the velocity distribution inside the tube. Secondly, a grid enhancement factor was introduced to quantify the effect of grid on CHF enhancement, based on the measurement experiment of the turbulence intensity factor ib with grid. Thirdly, for the turbulence intensity factor ib, the new model considers the influence of pressure and mass flow rate under two phases, and the original ib only considers the influence of mass flow rate. Finally, the new established bundle CHF mechanism model was verified by comparing with the typical PWR CHF data. © 2019 American Nuclear Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat flux

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Encapsulation of Co/Co3o4 Hetero-Nanoparticles within the Inner Tips of N-Doped Carbon Nanotubes: engineering Mott-Schottky Nanoreactors for Efficient Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocalysis Toward Flexible Zinc-Air Batteries

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zhang, Binbin Lu, Tingyu Ren, Yiping Huang, Longzhen Pang, Huan Zhao, Qun Tian, Shu Yang, Jun Xu, Lin Tang, Yawen Tian, Xinlong School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials Nanjing Normal University Nanjing210023 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou225009 China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong University Nantong226019 China Nanjing IPE Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry Nanjing211100 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hainan University Haikou570228 China

We demonstrate a typical Mott-Schottky electrocatalyst by ingeniously encasing Co/Co3O4 hetero-nanoparticles within the inner tips of N-doped carbon nanotubes (abbreviated as Co/Co3O4@N-CNTs hereafter) through a facile and scalable hydrogel-bridged pyrolysis strategy. Experimental and theoretical findings collectively manifest that the spontaneous charge redistribution at the Co/Co3O4 heterointerfaces is essential to promote the charge transfer capability, lower down the reaction barriers for oxygen electrocatalysis, and ultimately boost the intrinsic activities. Accordingly, the well-designed Co/Co3O4@N-CNTs exhibit admirable ORR and OER activities and long-term robustness in KOH medium, exceeding the commercial Pt/C and RuO2 benchmarks, respectively. Furthermore, the Co/Co3O4@N-CNTs-assembled flexible all-solid-state zinc-air battery displays a high power density, remarkable rate capability, excellent rechargeablity and outstanding mechanical flexibility even under severe deformations, predicting the great potentials in diverse next-generation wearable electronic devices. The rationale of the construction of Mott-Schottky heterojunctions may provide an innovative and instructive avenue to design diversified energy nanomaterials. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Doping (additives)

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An optimal design of the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone in a dissimilar metal welded joint

Material Design and Processing Communications

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Material Design and Processing Communications 2020年第5期2卷

作者： Guo, Guoliang Yang, Jie Wang, Lei Liu, Guiqiu Zhang, Baozhong Zhang, Sihan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China Consumer Appliances Centre Shandong Product Quality Inspection Research Institute Shandong China

The optimal design of the dissimilar metal welded joint is a valuable research issue, whether optimize the material, processing technology, dimension, or anything else. The fracture behavior of the dissimilar metal welded joint have been found affected by the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone. In this study, the optimal design of the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone in the dissimilar metal welded joint was further studied systematically. Firstly, a dissimilar metal welded joint, which used in the nuclear power plants with either heat affect zone crack or fusion zone crack, was selected, and a width mismatch coefficient MW was defined. In addition, the crack propagation paths and J-resistance curves of the dissimilar metal welded joints under different MW induced by the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone were calculated. Based on the obtained results, the widths of heat affect zone, fusion zone, and near interface zone were optimized. This study will provide support for the design of the dissimilar metal welded joint and is significant to the structure integrity assessment of the nuclear power plants. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Nuclear fuels

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Optimization and renovation of energy complementary intra-plant/inter-plant integrated heat exchanger networks for waste heat recovery in the calcium carbide industry

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Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2025年 199卷

作者： Wang, Hongxia Li, Xiaoli Guo, Peinan Zhang, Zaoxiao Shi, Lei School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University No.28 Xianning West Road Xi'an710049 China Zhejiang Fengwang Environmental Protection Co. Ltd Zhejiang 323000 China

The calcium carbide industry, characterized by its energy and emissions intensity, faces pressing sustainability demands in the "double-carbon" era. This study identifies substantial energy-saving opportunities within heat exchange networks. An optimization method is proposed that combines intra-/inter-plant heat integration to retrofit carbide plant heat exchange networks for energy efficiency. This approach is primarily based on pinch technology, where the heat exchange was first reconstructed within subsystems to minimize utility consumption. Results indicate that the intra-plant heat integration yields energy savings of 31.49 % for subsystem 1 and 28.79 % for subsystem 2. Subsequently, excess heat and cooling loads from the optimized subsystems were extracted as new heat exchange streams, facilitating heat exchange matching between subsystems. Thus, excess heat from subsystem 1 serves as heat source, while the excess cold from subsystem 2 acts as heat sink in inter-plant integration, creating a synergistic energy-saving mechanism to achieve inter-plant heat integration. The total energy from inter-plant heat integration reaches 10.83 MW, contributing to an overall heat recovery potential of 38.55 MW, ultimately achieving a remarkable total energy saving rate while minimizing the heat exchange units in this case. This research underscores the importance of multi-energy complementarity in advancing energy efficiency for future carbide industry. © 2025

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Quantifying the interaction between a single kerogen molecule and shale fluids from the perspective of elements and chemical groups

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Separation and Purification Technology 2025年 362卷

作者： Huaisen Song Yongfei Yang Jinlei Wang Lei Zhang Hai Sun Junjie Zhong Kai Zhang Jun Yao State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 Shandong PR China Center of Multiphase Flow in Porous Media School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 Shandong PR China

During the implementation of underground H 2 storage (UHS), geological CO 2 sequestration (GCS), and CO 2 -enhanced oil recovery (CO 2 -EOR) measures in shale reservoirs, kerogen will interact with typical shale fluids (H 2 , CO 2 , shale oil and gas). These interactions will thereby affect the implementation effects of the above industrial measures. Kerogen at various maturity degrees exhibits complex interactions with shale fluids due to its different molecular structures, which are shaped by factors such as reservoir type, maturation time, and geological environment. Despite this complexity, the types of elements (C, H, O, N, and S) and chemical groups that constitute kerogen molecules are limited. In this study, we utilized molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to reveal the interaction mechanism between a single kerogen molecule and typical shale fluid (H 2 , CH 4 , Neopentane, and CO 2 ) from the perspective of component elements and chemical groups. In addition, we developed an interaction energy fitting formula to quantify these interactions without relying on MD simulations, thereby facilitating the rapid assessment of the difficulty in separating shale fluids from shale organic matter. Lastly, we proposed two simplification strategies to reduce the experimental procedures involved in constructing kerogen molecules, while allowing for a certain degree of evaluation of the interaction between kerogen and shale fluids.

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A review on thermohydraulic and mechanical-physical properties of SiC, FeCrAl and Ti 3 SiC 2 for ATF cladding

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Nuclear engineering and Technology 2020年第1期52卷 1-13页

作者： Bowen Qiu Jun Wang Yangbin Deng Mingjun Wang Yingwei Wu S.Z. Qiu Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy and Technology Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an City 710049 China University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China

At present, the Department of Energy (DOE) in Unite state are directing the efforts of developing accident tolerant fuel (ATF) technology. As the first barrier of nuclear fuel system, the material selection of fuel rod cladding for ATFs is a basic but very significant issue for the development of this concept. The advanced cladding is attractive for providing much stronger oxidation resistance and better in-pile behavior under sever accident conditions (such as SBO, LOCA) for giving more coping time and, of course, at least an equivalent performance under normal condition. In recent years, many researches on in-plie or out-pile physical properties of some suggested cladding materials have been conducted to solve this material selection problem. Base on published literatures, this paper introduced relevant research backgrounds, objectives, research institutions and their progresses on several main potential claddings include triplex SiC, FeCrAl and MAX phase material Ti3SiC2. The physical properties of these claddings for their application in ATF area are also reviewed in thermohydraulic and mechanical view for better understanding and simulating the behaviors of these new claddings. While most of important data are available from publications, there are still many relevant properties are lacking for the evaluations.

关键词： ATF SiC f /SiC cladding FeCrAl cladding Ti3SiC2 cladding Physical properties

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