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Combining Core-Shell Construction with Alloying Effect for High Efficiency Ethanol Electrooxidation: A Case of Core-Shell Au@Fepd Nanoparticles with Sub-Nano Alloy Shells

SSRN

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SSRN 2020年

作者： Liu, Danye Zeng, Qing Liu, Hui Hu, Chaoquan Chen, Dong Xu, Lin Yang, Jun State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries Nanjing Normal University Nanjing210023 China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

Combining the core-shell construction with an alloying effect is an effective way to optimize the electronic and lattice strain effects generated in core-shell configurations for achieving highly catalytic efficiency for a given electrochemical reaction. To demonstrate this concept, we herein report the use of core-shell Au@FePd nanoparticles with an Au core and a sub-nano FePd alloy shell to promote the electrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol. In these core-shell structures, the Au core modifies the electronic configuration of Pd atoms through differences in electronegativity, while the Fe component in thin shells reduces the lattice expansion of Pd induced by the Au core, both of which endows the Pd shell with an appropriate d-band center, favorable for the electrooxidation of ethanol molecules through C1 pathway. In particular, the as-prepared core-shell Au@FePd nanoparticles at an optimized Fe/Pd ratio of 0.5/1 (Au@FePd-0.5) exhibit a mass activity of 13.3 A mg-1 and a specific activity of 20.2 mA cm-2 for the ethanol electrooxidation in an alkaline medium, which significantly outperform those of a majority of the recent reported Pd-based electrocatalysts. This study highlights the concept of engineering the geometry and surface composition of a nanostructure for designing highly efficient electrocatalysts for a large variety of electrochemical applications. © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shells (structures)

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Spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in non-Hermitian photonic graphene

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Zhaoyang Kokhanchik, Pavel Liu, Zhenzhi Shen, Yutong Liu, Fu Liu, Maochang Zhang, Yanpeng Xiao, Min Malpuech, Guillaume Solnyshkov, Dmitry Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Lab of Information Photonic Technique School of Electronic Science and Engineering Faculty of Electronics and Information Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Institut Pascal PHOTON-N2 Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS Clermont INP Clermont-FerrandF-63000 France International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Paris75231 France

Optical beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) have numerous potential applications, but the means used for their generation often lack crucial on-demand control. In this work, we present a mechanism of converting spin angular momentum (SAM) to OAM in a non-structured beam. The conversion occurs through spin-orbit coupling in a reconfigurable photonic honeycomb lattice with staggering implemented by electromagnetically-induced transparency in an atomic vapor cell. The spin-orbit coupling allows to outcouple the OAM signal from a particular band in a given valley determined by the chirality of light or the lattice staggering, providing a non-zero Berry curvature for generating OAM. The dependence of the output OAM on the chirality of the input beam is the first control knob. The staggering works as a second control knob, flipping the sign of OAM for the fixed chirality. The demonstrated conversion between SAM and OAM is important for optical communications. Our results can be extended to other implementations of paraxial photonic graphene. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Angular momentum

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Enhanced efficiency in Concentrated Parabolic Solar Collector(CPSC) with a porous absorber tube filled with metal nanoparticle suspension

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Green Energy & Environment 2018年第2期3卷 129-137页

作者： Mohammad Hatami Jiafeng Geng Dengwei Jing Mechanical Engineering Department Esfarayen University of Technology (EUT) International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University

In this study, effects of different nanoparticles and porosity of absorber tube on the performance of a Concentrating Parabolic Solar Collector(CPSC) were investigated. A section of porous-filled absorber tube was modeled as a semi-circular cavity under the solar radiation which is filled by nanofluids and the governing equations were solved by FlexPDE numerical software. The effect of four physical parameters, nanoparticles type, nanoparticles volume fraction(φ), Darcy number(Da) and Rayleigh number(Ra), on the Nusselt number(Nu) was discussed. It turns out that Cu nanoparticle is the most suitable one for such solar collectors, compared to the commonly used Fe_3O_4, Al_2O_3, TiO_*** the increased addition of Cu nanoparticles all the parameters φ, Da and Ra shows a significant increase against the Nu, indicates the enhanced heat transfer in such cases. As a result, low concentration of Cu nanoparticle suspension combined with porous matrix was supposed to be beneficial for the performance enhancement of concentrating parabolic solar collector.

关键词： Concentrating parabolic solar collector Porous absorber tube Nanofluid Nusselt number Finite Element Method

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Tailoring Second Coordination Sphere for Tunable Solid–Liquid Interfacial Charge Transfer toward Enhanced Photoelectrochemical H2Production

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第22期136卷

作者： Dr. Yangguang Hu Dr. Wu Zhou Dr. Wanbing Gong Prof. Chao Gao Prof. Shaohua Shen Prof. Tingting Kong Prof. Yujie Xiong Anhui Engineering Research Center of Carbon Neutrality The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Anhui Normal University 241002 Wuhu Anhui China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China 230026 Hefei Anhui China These authors equally contributed to this work International Research Centre for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi'an Shaanxi China

The recombination of photogenerated charge carriers severely limits the performance of photoelectrochemical (PEC) H 2 production. Here, we demonstrate that this limitation can be overcome by optimizing the charge transfer dynamics at the solid–liquid interface via molecular catalyst design. Specifically, the surface of a p-Si photocathode is modulated using molecular catalysts with different metal atoms and organic ligands to improve H 2 production performance. Co(pda-SO 3 H) 2 is identified as an efficient and durable catalyst for H 2 production through the rational design of metal centers and first/second coordination spheres. The modulation with Co(pda-SO 3 H) 2 , which contains an electron-withdrawing −SO 3 H group in the second coordination sphere, elevates the flat-band potential of the polished p-Si photocathode and nanoporous p-Si photocathode by 81 mV and 124 mV, respectively, leading to the maximized energy band bending and the minimized interfacial carrier transport resistance. Consequently, both the two photocathodes achieve the Faradaic efficiency of more than 95 % for H 2 production, which is well maintained during 18 h and 21 h reaction, respectively. This work highlights that the band-edge engineering by molecular catalysts could be an important design consideration for semiconductor–catalyst hybrids toward PEC H 2 production.

关键词： PEC H2 production molecular catalyst coordination sphere surface modulation charge transfer

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Enhanced phase-transfer kinetics achieved by atomic iron catalysts on hard carbon toward low-temperature sodium-ion batteries

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Chemical engineering Journal 2025年 517卷

作者： Xinyi Qian Ziling Wu Jianan Gu Yanli Wang Xiaomin Cheng Jing Zhang Hongzhen Lin Jian Wang Liang Zhan Yongzheng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology (Ministry of Education) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of New Energy North China Electric Power University Beijing 100096 China i-Lab & CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Device Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Suzhou 215123 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Technology Xi’an 710048 China Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) Ulm D89081 Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe D76021 Germany

Hard carbons with desirable pore morphologies are the most promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries, but experience undesirable cycling stability and depressed capacity owing to sluggish reaction kinetics of sodium-related species through or across the carbon layer. Herein, based on closed pore morphology engineering using carbon dioxide physical activation method, the hard carbon composite (SAFe@HC) was prepared by coating a polydopamine capping layer with uniformly distributed iron single atoms on the closed-pore-rich hard carbon, where the introduction SAFe help to expand the layer spacing distance, providing additional channels for solvated Na + diffusion. It is innovatively proposed that SAFe catalysts provide abundant active catalytic sites for accelerating the interfacial desolvation and the phase-transfer kinetics of Na + is lowered by decreasing the sodium ion transport energy barrier, as confirmed by theoretical simulation and various electrochemical demonstration. In addition, the closed pore morphology also enhances the surface area and adsorbs more sodium ions. As a result, the SAFe@HC electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 340.7 mAh g −1 and a remarkable rate capacity up to 306.2 mAh g −1 and a high capacity-retention of 96.0% after 500 cycles at 5 C. Decreasing the environmental temperature to 0 °C, an excellent robust electrochemical performance of 172.2 mAh g −1 at 5 C, offering promising avenues of single atomic catalysts achieving high-rate hard carbon electrode for sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries

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The mechanism of enhancement or deterioration for nanofluid flow boiling based on the experimental results 27

The mechanism of enhancement or deterioration for nanofluid ...

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27th International Conference on Nuclear engineering: Nuclear power Saves the World!, ICONE 2019

作者： Wang, Y. Wu, J.M. Zan, Y.F. Qiu, S.Z. Deng, K.H. Yue, N.N. Su, G.H. CNNC Key Laboratory on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics Technology Nuclear Power Institute of China 328 Changshun Avenue Chengdu610213 China State Key Labortatory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering School of Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West Road 28# Xi'an710049 China School of Aerospace State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West road 28# Xi'an710049 China School of Nuclear Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xianning West road 28# Xi'an710049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9784888983051

Nanofluid is a potential working fluid for new heat transfer technology. However, the investigation on its ability of flow boiling heat transfer is really scarce. Papers focused on nanolfuid flow boiling is much less than it pool boiling. In addition, the flow boiling heat transfer is enhanced or deteriorated has been extremely controversial for over ten years. In present work, an experimental set up is designed and carried out. Moreover, the flow boiling heat transfer of nanofluid is experimental studied with the consideration of working conditions and nanofluid types. The results indicate that both the enhancement and deterioration of nanofluid flow boiling are discovered. Moreover, the flow boiling heat transfer of nanofluid which is composed of non-metallic compound nanoparticles are deteriorated under most working conditions. What's more important is that it is deteriorated under lower pressure and enhanced under higher pressure for the same kind of nanofluid like SiC/H2O and Graphite/H2O. After all, the phenomena are explained and a mechanism is proposed of nanofluid flow boiling enhancement or deterioration based on the experimental results. Copyright © 2018-2019 by JSME

关键词： Deterioration

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Instantaneous liquid and gas leakage flow during plunger lifting process in vertical wells 11

Instantaneous liquid and gas leakage flow during plunger lif...

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11th North American Conference on multiphase Technology

作者： Zhao, K. Bai, B. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University China

Plunger lift is an economical artificial lift method to solve the liquid loading problem in gas wells. Because of the inevitable annular gap between plunger and tube wall, the liquid above plunger may leak downward and the gas may slip upward during lifting process. How to quantitatively describe the gas-liquid counter-current flow sealing property is still challenging to optimize the plunger lift method. In this paper, the liquid leakage and gas slippage were observed experimentally. The transient physical models for gas and liquid leakage were proposed and verified. © 11th North American Conference on multiphase Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Liquids

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Built-In Electric Field in Freestanding Hydroxide/Sulfide Heterostructures for Industrially Relevant Oxygen Evolution

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年

作者： Wentong Wu Yueshuai Wang Shizhen Song Zhichao Ge Chunyang Zhang Jie Huang Guiren Xu Ning Wang Yue Lu Zhanfeng Deng Haohong Duan Maochang Liu Cheng Tang International Research Center for Renewable Energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 P.R. China Beijing Institute of Smart Energy Beijing 102209 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Materials Low-Carbon Recycling College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 P.R. China Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 P.R. China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R. China Tsinghua Center for Green Chemical Engineering Electrification Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P.R. China Ordos Laboratory Inner Mongolia 017000 P.R. China

Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), as a premier technology to massively produce green hydrogen, hinges on outstanding oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrodes with high activity and robust stability under high current densities. However, it is often challenged by issues such as catalytic layer shedding, ion dissolution, and inefficient bubble desorption. Herein, a scalable corrosion-electrodeposition method is presented to synthesize nickel–iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH)/Ni 3 S 2 heterostructures on nickel mesh, tailored to meet the stringent requirements of industrial AWE. The study underscores the critical role of the built-in electric field (BEF) in optimizing electronic properties, curtailing Fe leaching, and enhancing mass transfer. The resultant NiFe-LDH/Ni 3 S 2 heterostructure manifests remarkable OER performance, with ultra-low overpotentials of 202 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and 290 mV at 800 mA cm −2 in 1.0 m KOH at 25 °C, alongside superior steady-state stability and resistance to reverse current under fluctuating conditions. Furthermore, the performance is further validated in an alkaline electrolyzer, achieving a large current density of 800 mA cm −2 at a cell voltage of 1.908 V, while maintaining excellent stability. This work offers a blueprint for the design of efficient OER electrodes for industrially relevant AWE applications.

关键词： Alkaline water electrolysis Built-in electric field Freestanding electrodes Oxygen evolution reaction

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Gas emission source term estimation with 1-step nonlinear partial swarm optimization-Tikhonov regularization hybrid method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2018年第2期26卷 356-363页

作者： Denglong Ma Wei Tan Zaoxiao Zhang Jun Hu School of Food Equipment Engineering and Science Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University

Source term identification is very important for the contaminant gas emission event. Thus, it is necessary to study the source parameter estimation method with high computation efficiency, high estimation accuracy and reasonable confidence interval. Tikhonov regularization method is a potential good tool to identify the source parameters. However, it is invalid for nonlinear inverse problem like gas emission process. 2-step nonlinear and linear PSO （partial swarm optimization）-Tikhonov regularization method proposed previously have estimated the emission source parameters successfully. But there are still some problems in computation efficiency and confidence interval. Hence, a new 1-step nonlinear method combined Tikhonov regularizafion and PSO algorithm with nonlinear forward dispersion model was proposed. First, the method was tested with simulation and experiment cases. The test results showed that 1-step nonlinear hybrid method is able to estimate multiple source parameters with reasonable confidence interval. Then, the estimation performances of different methods were compared with different cases. The estimation values with 1-step nonlinear method were close to that with 2-step nonlinear and linear PSO-Tikhonov regularization method, 1-step nonlinear method even performs better than other two methods in some cases, especially for source strength and downwind distance estimation. Compared with 2-step nonlinear method, 1-step method has higher computation efficiency. On the other hand, the confidence intervals with the method proposed in this paper seem more reasonable than that with other two methods. Finally, single PSO algorithm was compared with 1-step nonlinear PSO-Tikhonov hybrid regularization method. The results showed that the skill scores of 1-step nonlinear hybrid method to estimate source parameters were close to that of single PSO method and even better in some cases. One more important property of 1-step nonlinear PSO-Tikhonov regularization metho

关键词： Parameter estimation Parameter regularization method Source identification Inverse problem

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Two-dimensional self-adapting fast Fourier transform algorithm for nanoparticle sizing by ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering

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Particuology 2018年第6期16卷 74-84页

作者： Dechuan Zhang Xiaoshu Cai Wu Zhou Institute of Particle and Two-Phase Flow Measurement University of Shanghai for Sdence and TechnologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering (University of Shanghai for Sdence and Technology)Shanghai 200093China

In nanoparticle sizing using the ultrafast image-based dynamic light scattering (UIDLS)method,larger impurities and dark noise from the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)detector affect measurement *** solve this problem,a two-dimensional self-adapting fast Fourier transform (2D-SAFFT)algorithm is proposed for *** light scattering images of nanoparticles are processed using 2D fast Fourier transforms,and a high-frequency threshold and a low-frequency threshold are then set using the self-adapting algorithm to eliminate the effects of the dark noise of the CMOS detector and the *** signals caused by the dark noise of the CMOS detector and the impurities are cut off using the high-frequency threshold and the low-frequency *** signals without the high- and low-frequency components are then processed again using an inverse Fourier transform to obtain new images without the dark noise and impurities *** mean diameters of the measured nanoparticles can be obtained from images obtained using *** standard latex nanoparticles (46,100, 203,508,994nm)and commercial nanoparticles (antimony-doped tin oxide,indium tin oxide,TWEEN- 80,nano-Fe,and nano-Al2O3)were measured using this new *** show that 2D-SAFFT can effectively eliminate the effects of dark noise from the CMOS detector and the impurities.

关键词： Dynamic light scattering Nanoparticle size Fast Fourier transform algorithm Spectrum segmentation

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