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A policy iteration method for improving robot assembly trajectory efficiency

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第3期36卷 436-448页

作者： Qi ZHANG Zongwu XIE Baoshi CAO Yang LIU State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Bolt assembly by robots is a vital and difficult task for replacing astronauts in extravehicular activities(EVA),but the trajectory efficiency still needs to be improved during the wrench insertion into hex hole of *** this paper,a policy iteration method based on reinforcement learning(RL)is proposed,by which the problem of trajectory efficiency improvement is constructed as an issue of RL-based objective ***,the projection relation between raw data and state-action space is established,and then a policy iteration initialization method is designed based on the projection to provide the initialization policy for *** iteration based on the protective policy is applied to continuously evaluating and optimizing the action-value function of all state-action pairs till the convergence is *** verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method,a noncontact demonstration experiment with human supervision is *** results show that the initialization policy and the generated policy can be obtained by the policy iteration method in a limited number of demonstrations.A comparison between the experiments with two different assembly tolerances shows that the convergent generated policy possesses higher trajectory efficiency than the conservative *** addition,this method can ensure safety during the training process and improve utilization efficiency of demonstration data.

关键词： Bolt assembly Policy initialization Policy iteration Reinforcement learning(RL) Robotic assembly Trajectory efficiency

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Hybrid Static-dynamic Sensation Electrotactile Feedback for Hand Prosthesis Tactile and Proprioception Feedback

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 267-277页

作者： Bin Yang Li Jiang State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

Tactile and proprioception feedback are essential to myoelectric hand prostheses control for regaining functionality of lost hands of *** studies focus on tactile feedback,while the lack of appropriate multisensory feedback,especially proprioception feedback,limits the grasping ***,a typical non-invasive stimulation scheme for sensation feedback uses stimulation on the stationary site of the skin continuously,which can lead to fatigue and adaptation of sensation,further reduces the feedback consistency,and increases the cognitive burden for the *** the sensitivity and modality matching of sensation,this study presented a multimodal sensations feedback scheme based on hybrid static-dynamic sensation elicited by multisite Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation(TENS)to deliver grasping force and joint position *** the proposed scheme,stimulation of single electrode produced only in-loco tactile sensation under the electrode,and the sensation intensity was adjusted according to grasping force;sequential activation of multi-electrodes produced an illusion dynamic sensation of a stimulus moving,and the velocity and direction of movement were adjusted according to finger joint *** test results demonstrated the identifiability of stimulus in the proposed ***,prosthetic hand closed-loop grasping tasks evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed feedback *** results showed that the proposed feedback scheme could substantially improve the grasping accuracy and *** addition,the study outcomes also demonstrated the benefit of artificial proprioception feedback in grasping rapidity and security.

关键词： TENS-Prosthetic hand control-Bioinspired sensation-Multimodal sensations Proprioception feedback Tactilefeedback Myoelectric control

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Light weight design and integrated method for manufacturing hydraulic wheel-legged robots

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第9期25卷 701-715页

作者： Xu LI Haoyang YU Huaizhi ZONG Haibo FENG Yili FU State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Design and manufacturing play pivotal roles in hydraulic-driven robotic ***,previous studies have emphasized mainly results and performance,often overlooking the specifics of the design and manufacturing *** paper introduces a novel approach known as light weight design and integrated manufacturing(LD&IM)for hydraulic wheel-legged *** LD&IM method leverages topology optimization and generative design techniques to achieve a substantial 45%weight reduction,enhancing the robot’s dynamic motion *** innovative design method not only streamlines the design process but also upholds the crucial attributes of light weight construction and high strength essential for hydraulic wheel-legged ***,the integrated manufacturing method,incorporating selective laser melting(SLM)and high-precision subtractive manufacturing(SM)processes,expedites the fabrication of high-quality *** the LD&IM approach,a hydraulic-driven single wheel-legged robot,denoted as WLR-IV,has been successfully *** robot boasts low mass and inertia,high strength,and a simplified component *** assess its dynamic jumping capabilities,the control loop integrates a linear quadratic regulator(LQR)and zero dynamic-based controller,while trajectory planning uses the spring-loaded inverted pendulum(SLIP)*** jumping results confirm the WLR-IV single-legged robot’s exceptional dynamic performance,validating both the effectiveness of the LD&IM method and the rationale behind the control strategy.

关键词： Wheel-legged robot Hydraulic driven Topology optimization Wheel-legged robot Hydraulic driven Topology optimization Additive manufacturing(AM) Jump control

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Multi-modal Bionic Motion Analysis of A Cpg-controlled Pneumatic Soft Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第5期21卷 2247-2257页

作者： Yu Zhang Peiyu Huang Dongjie Li Jiangyu Zhou Yu Li Bo You Yanhe Zhu Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Complex Intelligent System and Integration Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150080China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology(HIT)Harbin150001China

This paper designs a soft robot with a multi-chamber,multi-airbag mimicking soft biological structure,where the airbags of the same chamber are interconnected with each *** upper and lower chambers are separated by an intermediate layer(thin plate),which is extended and widened to achieve robot movement and *** applying pressure to the different chambers of the soft robot,it is possible to produce a variety of bionic movements of the inchworm and *** to the strong nonlinearity and infinite number of degrees of freedom properties of the material,it is impossible to obtain the analytical solution of the bending morphology and pressure of the soft robot ***,a method to establish a mathematical model of soft robot deformation based on the classical stacked plate theory is proposed,and a chain composite model of soft robot bending motion is established based on the large-deflection modeling *** paper proposes a method to generate a multi-mode soft robot motion control based on the Central Pattern Generator(CPG)using a single controller,which achieves the switching of sine wave-like patterns,half-wave-like patterns,and dragging patterns by adjust-ing frequency,amplitude and period of ***,a pneumatic control platform is built for the validation of the theoretical model and different experimental models of the motion of the *** comparation of the different motion modes of the soft robot under similar non-load and load conditions.

关键词： Soft robot Bionic multi-modal movement Laminated plate theory CPG control

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A 3-DOF piezoelectric robot with continuous walking gait aiming at cross-scale smooth motion

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 233-242页

作者： YU HongPeng LIU YingXiang DENG Jie ZHANG ShiJing CHEN WeiShan State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 15000lChina

Piezoelectric robots play important roles in the field of micromanipulation, but it is difficult for them to generate steady precision motion at any moment. In order to eliminate the changing inertial force and improve the motion smoothness, this work proposes a piezoelectric robot with continuous walking gait inspired by ants. The idea is verified with theoretical models and numerical simulation, and the performances are evaluated with experiments. The robot is proven to have the ability to generate 3-DOF(dgeree of freedom) continuous smooth motions with constant speeds. The maximum and minimum smooth velocities have a difference of six orders of magnitude, realizing cross-scale velocity control. Besides, the motion resolution reaches several nanometers with the unlimited workspace, so the cross-scale displacement control can be also obtained. Furthermore, with great robustness against varying loads, the stable actuation capability of the robot is more than 22 times of the self-weight. To sum up,the proposed robot generates cross-scale smooth motion in both aspects of displacement and velocity, so it has good prospects in the applications requiring steady precision motion. The design philosophy and research methods in this work can be valuable references for further advances of micromanipulation robots.

关键词： piezoelectric robot continuous walking gait cross-scale displacement cross-scale velocity smooth motion constant speed

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High-efficiency inspecting method for mobile robots based on task planning for heat transfer tubes in a steam generator

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第2期18卷 161-175页

作者： Biying XU Xuehe ZHANG Yue OU Kuan ZHANG Zhenming XING Hegao CAI Jie ZHAO Jizhuang FAN State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Many heat transfer tubes are distributed on the tube plates of a steam generator that requires periodic inspection by *** inspection robots are usually involved in issues:Robots with manipulators need complicated installation due to their fixed base;tube mobile robots suffer from low running efficiency because of their structural *** there are thousands of tubes to be checked,task planning is essential to guarantee the precise,orderly,and efficient inspection *** in-service robots check the task tubes using row-by-row and column-bycolumn *** leads to unnecessary inspections,resulting in a long shutdown and affecting the regular operation of a nuclear power ***,this paper introduces the structure and control system of a dexterous robot and proposes a task planning *** method proceeds into three steps:task allocation,base position search,and sequence *** allocate the task regions,this method calculates the tool work matrix and proposes a criterion to evaluate a *** then all tasks contained in the sub-region are considered globally to search the base ***,we apply an improved ant colony algorithm for base sequence planning and determine the inspection orders according to the planned *** validated the optimized algorithm by conducting task planning experiments using our robot on a tube *** results show that the proposed method can accomplish full task coverage with few repetitive or redundant inspections and it increases the efficiency by 33.31% compared to the traditional planning algorithms.

关键词： steam generator transfer tubes mobile robot dexterous structure task planning efficient inspection

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A trajectory-level robot skill learning method based on fuzzy systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 38-52页

作者： Chao ZENG Zhen DENG Boyang TI Yongsheng GAO Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University State Key Laboratory of Robotics Shenyang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology

Learning from demonstration(LfD) allows for the effective transfer of human manipulation skills to a robot by building a model that represents these skills based on a limited number of demonstrated ***,a skilllearning model that can comprehensively satisfy multiple requirements,such as computational complexity,modeling accuracy,trajectory smoothness,and robustness,is still ***,this work aims to provide such a model by employing fuzzy ***,we introduce an LfD model named Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy system-based movement primitives(TSKFMPs),which exploits the advantages of the fuzzy theory for effective robotic imitation learning of human *** work formulates the TSK fuzzy system and gradient descent(GD) as imitation learning models,leveraging recent advancements in GD-based optimization for fuzzy *** study takes a two-step strategy.(ⅰ) The input-output relationships of the model are established using TSK fuzzy systems based on demonstration *** this way,the skill is encoded by the model parameter in the latent space.(ⅱ) GD is used to optimize the model parameter to increase the modeling accuracy and trajectory *** further explain how learned trajectories are adapted to new task scenarios through local *** conduct multiple tests using an open dataset to validate our method,and the results demonstrate performance comparable with those of other ***,we implement it in a real-world case study.

关键词： robot skill learning movement primitives TSK fuzzy systems gradient descent robotics

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Contact Force Optimization to Enhance Fault-tolerant Motion Stability of a Hexapod Robot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第5期21卷 2199-2214页

作者： Bo You Shangdong Shi Chen Chen Jiayu Li Nan Li Liang Ding The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology for Cutting and Manufacturing Ministry of Education and the Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Complex Intelligent System and Integration Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin150080China The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

This paper presents a novel method for optimizing the contact force of a hexapod robot to enhance its dynamic motion stability when one of its legs *** proposed approach aims to improve the Force Angle Stability Margin(FASM)and adapt the foot trajectory through contact force optimization to achieve safe and stable motion on various *** foot force optimization approach is designed to optimize the FASM,a factor rarely considered in existing contact force optimization *** formulating the problem of enhancing the motion stability of the hexapod robot as a Quadratic Programming(QP)optimization problem,this approach can effectively address this *** of a hexapod robot using a fault-tolerant gait,along with real field experiments,were conducted to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the contact force optimization *** results demonstrate that this approach can be used to design a motion controller for a hexapod robot with a significantly improved motion *** summary,the proposed contact force optimization method offers a promising solution for enhancing the motion stability of hexapod robots with single leg failures and has the potential to significantly advance the development of fault-tolerant hexapod robots for various applications.

关键词： Hexapod robot Fault-tolerant Stability margin Contact force optimization

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Understand anisotropy dependence of damage evolution and material removal during nanoscratch of MgF_(2) single crystals

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2023年第1期5卷 236-252页

作者： Chen Li Yinchuan Piao Feihu Zhang Yong Zhang Yuxiu Hu Yongfei Wang State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System(HIT) Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China

To understand the anisotropy dependence of the damage evolution and material removal during the machining process of MgF_(2) single crystals,nanoscratch tests of MgF_(2) single crystals with different crystal planes and directions were systematically performed,and surface morphologies of the scratched grooves under different conditions were *** experimental results indicated that anisotropy considerably affected the damage evolution in the machining process of MgF_(2) single crystals.A stress field model induced by the scratch was developed by considering the anisotropy,which indicated that during the loading process,median cracks induced by the tensile stress initiated and propagated at the front of the *** cracks induced by tensile stress initiated and propagated on the subsurface during the unloading *** addition,surface radial cracks induced by the tensile stress were easily generated during the unloading *** stress change led to the deflection of the propagation direction of lateral ***,the lateral cracks propagated to the workpiece surface,resulting in brittle removal in the form of chunk *** plastic deformation parameter indicated that the more the slip systems were activated,the more easily the plastic deformation *** cleavage fracture parameter indicated that the cracks propagated along the activated cleavage planes,and the brittle chunk removal was owing to the subsurface cleavage cracks propagating to the crystal *** the same processing parameters,the scratch of the(001)crystal plane along the[100]crystal-orientation was found to be the most conducive to achieving plastic machining of MgF_(2) single *** theoretical results agreed well with the experimental results,which will not only enhance the understanding of the anisotropy dependence of the damage evolution and removal process during the machining of MgF_(2) crystals,but also provide a theoretical foundation for achiev

关键词： anisotropy dependence damage evolution stress field crack propagation nanoscratch MgF_(2)single crystal

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Cable-driven legged landing gear for unmanned helicopter:Prototype design,optimization and performance assessment

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1196-1214页

作者： TIAN BaoLin GAO HaiBo YU HaiTao SHAN HaoMin HOU JunChen YU HongYing DENG ZongQuan State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation Beijing 100048China

Unmanned helicopters equipped with adaptive landing gear will dramatically extend their application especially in dealing with challenging *** study presents a novel cable-driven legged landing gear(CLG)with differential transmission for unmanned helicopters in complex landing *** obtain the preferred configuration of the legged mechanism,a multi-objective optimization framework for the CLG is constructed by concurrently considering terrain adaptability,landing stability and reasonable linkage of internal *** non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡis employed to numerically acquire the optimal scale parameters that guide the mechanical design of the *** unmanned helicopter prototype equipped with the devised CLG is developed with key performance *** results show that the devised CLG can provide energy-efficient support over uneven terrains(totally driven torque demand less than 0.1 N m)in quasi-static landing tests,and favorable terrain adaptability(posture fluctuation of the fuselage less than±1°)in unknown slope landing *** exhibited merits give the proposed CLG the potential to enhance the landing performance of future aircraft in extreme environments.

关键词： unmanned helicopter adaptive landing gear experimental verification

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