The energy loss of the power grid is one of the key factors affecting the economic operation of power systems. How to calculate the electric energy consumption accurately will have a great influence on the planning, o...
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The energy loss of the power grid is one of the key factors affecting the economic operation of power systems. How to calculate the electric energy consumption accurately will have a great influence on the planning, operation and management of the power grid. Currently there is a mountain of theoretical methods to calculate the line loss of the power system. However, these methods have some limitation, such as less considering the volatility of wind power resources. This paper presents an improved method to calculate the energy loss of wind power generation, considering the fluctuations of wind power generation. First, data are collected to obtain the curve of the typical daily expected output of wind farms for one month. Second, the curve of the typical daily expected output are corrected by the average electricity and the shape factor to obtain the curve of the typical daily equivalent output of wind farms for one month. Finally, the power flow is calculated by using typical daily equivalent output curve to describe the energy loss for one month. The results in the 110 kV main network show that the method is feasible.
This paper proposed a method of optimal economic life interval evaluation of transformer, thus providing scientific support for power system planning and reconstruction. First, obtaining the transformer failure rate b...
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This paper proposed a method of optimal economic life interval evaluation of transformer, thus providing scientific support for power system planning and reconstruction. First, obtaining the transformer failure rate by using Levenberg-Marquardt based least squares algorithm on the consumption that transformer failure mode meets three-parameters Weibull distribution. Second, calculating operation cost and failure cost of transformer during its life cycle on the basis of transformer failure rate. Then, acquiring the optimal economic life interval of transformer through life cycle minimal average annual cost based on the theory of interval analysis. Finally, the proposed method is proved to be effective by applying to some real transformers.
This paper proposed a method of optimal economic life interval evaluation of transformer, thus providing scientific support for power system planning and reconstruction. First, obtaining the transformer failure rate b...
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This paper proposed a method of optimal economic life interval evaluation of transformer, thus providing scientific support for power system planning and reconstruction. First, obtaining the transformer failure rate by using Levenberg-Marquardt based least squares algorithm on the consumption that transformer failure mode meets three-parameters Weibull distribution. Second,calculating operation cost and failure cost of transformer during its life cycle on the basis of transformer failure rate. Then, acquiring the optimal economic life interval of transformer through life cycle minimal average annual cost based on the theory of interval analysis. Finally, the proposed method is proved to be effective by applying to some real transformers.
A second-order integral flux observer (SOIFO-FLL) with dc component and harmonics attenuation capability is proposed for PMSM sensorless control in this paper. Due to the nonzero integral initial value, parameter mism...
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A second-order integral flux observer (SOIFO-FLL) with dc component and harmonics attenuation capability is proposed for PMSM sensorless control in this paper. Due to the nonzero integral initial value, parameter mismatch, converter nonlinearities and detection errors, the estimated rotor flux by the conventional methods, pure integrator and low-pass filter (LPF) suffer the dc component and harmonics. And a novel rotor flux estimation method, SOIFO-FLL is proposed on basis of the second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) structure. Combined with the frequency-locked loop (FLL), the dc and high-order harmonics of the estimated rotor flux can be removed by the SOIFO. Lastly, the rotor position are exacted accurately by a quadrature normalized phase locked loop (Q-PLL). Simulations and experimental results verify the excellent performance of the proposed SOIFO-FLL based rotor flux observation and sensorless control strategy.
A pulsed electromagnetic blankholder system consisting of a pulsed magnet driven by a capacitor bank and a conductive ring as a blank holder has been proposed, designed, and analyzed for electromagnetic forming. The b...
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A pulsed electromagnetic blankholder system consisting of a pulsed magnet driven by a capacitor bank and a conductive ring as a blank holder has been proposed, designed, and analyzed for electromagnetic forming. The blank holder force (BHF) supplied by the system is a huge repulsive electromagnetic force generated in the blank holder by the interaction between the pulsed magnetic field and the induced eddy current. The electromagnetic performance of the system has been investigated in detail based on finite element method, and simulation results show that the system can generate a pulsed BHF ranging from 0 to 1000 kN at different discharge voltages with a rise time of more than 5 ms, which fulfills the common requirements for electromagnetic forming process.
In recent years,underwater laser imaging,underwater optical wireless communication and marine exploration has become the hot *** composition of the seawater is complex,which will more or less have influence on underwa...
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In recent years,underwater laser imaging,underwater optical wireless communication and marine exploration has become the hot *** composition of the seawater is complex,which will more or less have influence on underwater laser *** this paper,the absorb properties of SCC at different concentrations are *** results shown the absorbance increases when concentration *** fitting curve at 405 nm and 532 nm show,absorption coefficient and concentration are exponential at 405 nm and proportional at 532 *** is proved that the transmission of SCC is broadly similar between with magnetic field and without magnetic *** optical properties of SCC is proved,hoping to provide some convenience for monitoring water quality,underwater laser imaging and submarine laser communication studies.
As the uncertainty output characteristics of wind power, the large-scale wind power integrated to the grid, has brought new challenges to power system operation. Based on the uncertainty characteristics of wind power,...
As the uncertainty output characteristics of wind power, the large-scale wind power integrated to the grid, has brought new challenges to power system operation. Based on the uncertainty characteristics of wind power, this paper establishes the wind power output model, then focuses on the positive effects of price-based demand response (PDR) and incentive-based demand response (IDR), which are allowed to participate in the power balance, on the unit commitment (UC) with high wind power penetration, and establishes the PDR and IDR models. Based on the chance constrained programming, this paper proposes a stochastic UC model with large-scale wind power integration considering demand side resources(DSR). Stochastic simulation combined with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was presented to solve this model. At last, the model is proved feasibly and effectively by testing the IEEE 10 machines system.
Dye laser has many advantages,such as high optical beam quality,wide wavelength tunable ability and weak heat *** dye lasers use Stilbene 420 as the lasing medium and pumped by a 355 nm wavelength laser,it can omit op...
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Dye laser has many advantages,such as high optical beam quality,wide wavelength tunable ability and weak heat *** dye lasers use Stilbene 420 as the lasing medium and pumped by a 355 nm wavelength laser,it can omit optical beam with a central wavelength of 425 nm,with the output wavelength ranges from 419 nm to 434 nm,which is exactly between the low absorption waveband of the sea *** study of the optical properties of Stilbene 420 has potential application value in underwater communications and military anti-submarine *** this paper,the fluorescent spectra of the Stilbene 420 solution were measured by a modular multifunctional grating spectrometer(HORIBA Job in Yvon-1000M) under different wavelengths of pumped *** fluorescent properties of the Stilbene 420 with different concentrations were also *** this,the influence of the magnetic field on the transmission rate of the Stilbene 420 dye solution was experimentally *** results show that the fluorescent spectrum of the Stilbene 420 solution shows broadband characteristic,the intensity of the fluorescent spectrum increase with the increasing of the concentration of solution;and it also shows that the transmission rate changes with the increasing of the magnetic field intensity and the solution concentration.
In recent years, underwater laser imaging, underwater optical wireless communication and marine exploration has become the hot area. The composition of the seawater is complex, which will more or less have influence o...
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In recent years, underwater laser imaging, underwater optical wireless communication and marine exploration has become the hot area. The composition of the seawater is complex, which will more or less have influence on underwater laser transmission. In this paper, the absorb properties of SCC at different concentrations are measured. The results shown the absorbance increases when concentration increases. Then fitting curve at 405 nm and 532 nm show, absorption coefficient and concentration are exponential at 405 nm and proportional at 532 nm. It is proved that the transmission of SCC is broadly similar between with magnetic field and without magnetic field. Nonlinear optical properties of SCC is proved, hoping to provide some convenience for monitoring water quality, underwater laser imaging and submarine laser communication studies.
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