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Analytical model of hybrid MMC for dynamic and steady-state studies

The Journal of engineering 2017年第13期2017卷 2281-2286页

作者： Xiaojun Lu Wang Xiang Weixing Lin Jinyu Wen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei Province People's Republic of China TBEA China Xinjiang Sunoasis Co. Ltd Xi'an 710000 Shanxi Province People's Republic of China

This study researched the analytical models for the modular multilevel converter (MMC) with its arm mixed with half-bridge submodules and full-bridge submodules, named as hybrid MMC. The state-space model and steady-state model of hybrid MMC under rotating frame are proposed. The phasor modelling method is employed to describe the internal dynamics of the converter. Modulation signals combined with the elementary control of hybrid MMC are considered in the modelling. The accuracy of the analytical models is verified by extensive time-domain simulation in contrast with PSCAD/EMTDC models. A ‘select and check’ method is proposed to determine the feasible operating zone of hybrid MMC considering multiple operating constraints. The operating zones of the test hybrid MMC under different DC voltage levels are analysed.

关键词： power system CAD state-space methods voltage-source convertors test hybrid MMC dynamic studies steady studies half-bridge submodules state-space model steady-state model phasor modelling method full-bridge submodules modular multilevel converter

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Comparative studies on frequency responses of type 3 wind turbines and synchronous generators

Comparative studies on frequency responses of type 3 wind tu...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Li Sun Yunhe Hou Chaoyi Peng Jiabing Hu The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation-HKU Shenzhen China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Sci. and Tech Wuhan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538622131;9781538622124

This paper describes the properties of inertial response (IR) and primary frequency response (PFR) of Type 3 wind turbines (WTs) for exploring a combined frequency regulation approach, which allows the dynamic frequency response of Type 3 WTs in coordination with that of synchronous generators (SGs). First, this paper investigates the inertia control (IC) and primary frequency control (PFC) strategies for Type 3 WTs from the perspective of the basic foundations and implementations. Then in terms of response time and transient energy source, the comparisons of IR and PFR between Type 3 WTs and SGs are made. On this basis, an approach is developed in order to reduce the mismatch in the time constants of SGs' governor response and Type 3 WTs' PFR through introducing an artificial filter-based delay in the overspeed or hybrid PFC. The proposed approach provides a guidance for taking full advantage of the frequency regulation capability in wind power penetrated power systems. Finally, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively renders a limit on the extra power released from Type 3 WTs and meanwhile guards an allowable rotor speed droop throughout a transient frequency event.

关键词： Frequency control Integrated circuits Rotors Wind turbines Frequency response Transient analysis Voltage control

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Reactive power optimisation design and fault ride through of MMC-PLUS

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The Journal of engineering 2017年第13期2017卷 806-811页

作者： Zhihan Yang Wang Xiang Liangzhong Yao Zhibing Wang Jinyu Wen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei Province People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy & Storage Systems China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192 People's Republic of China

To integrate bulk wind power, a modular multilevel converter (MMC)-PLUS composed of the series connection of line commutated converter (LCC) and MMC is investigated. The system combines the advantages of LCC and MMC, such as high power, high voltage, self-commutating and direct current (DC) fault blocking capability. However, due to the coupled control of active power and reactive power, much reactive power should be compensated during the operation of LCC. The study makes a detailed analysis and optimisation of reactive power compensation devices taking into account the PQ operation curve of MMC and making full use of the capacity of MMC. In addition, further studies the control strategy of DC fault isolation and system restart under DC fault. The effectiveness of the reactive power configuration and DC fault strategy is verified by simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC.

关键词： reactive power control HVDC power convertors voltage-source convertors wind power plants optimisation fault diagnosis power transmission control power transmission faults fault ride through MMC-PLUS bulk wind power integration modular multilevel converter-PLUS line commutated converter series connection LCC active power coupled control reactive power coupled control reactive power compensation device optimisation MMC PQ operation curve DC fault isolation control strategy DC fault strategy PSCAD/EMTDC

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Granadilla-Inspired Structure Design for Conversion/Alloy-Reaction Electrode with Integrated Lithium Storage Behaviors

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ACS applied materials & interfaces 2017年第18期9卷 15470-15476页

作者： Chaoji Chen Linfeng Peng Yiju Li Lei Zhang Jingwei Xiang Pei Hu Shijie Cheng Yunhui Huang Jia Xie State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China. Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China. Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China.

Conversion/alloy-reaction electrode materials promise much higher energy density than the commonly used ones based on intercalation chemistries. However, the low electronic conductivity and, specially, the large volume expansion upon lithiation hinder their practical applications. Here, for the first time, a unique granadilla-inspired structure was designed to prepare the conversion/alloy-reaction anode of carbon coated tin/calcium tin oxide (C@void@Sn/CaSnO) ternary composite. The granadilla-inspired structure ensures the intimate contact between the Sn/CaSnO nanoparticles and the carbon matrix, providing not only conductive networks for electron transport and a short distance for Li diffusion but also effective space for the electrode volume expansion toward conversion/alloy reaction. Moreover, the unique structure possesses abundant solid-solid interfaces between the three components as well as solid-liquid interfaces between nanoparticles and electrolyte, contributing to a large percent (58%) of interfacial charge (thus capacity). The integration of alloy-reaction, conversion-reaction, and interfacial lithium storage endows the hybrid electrode with a high capacity and long cycling life, holding great promise for next-generation high-capacity lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： anodes granadilla-inspired structure integrated lithium storage lithium-ion batteries templating method

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Modeling and analysis of DC voltage dynamics in modular multilevel converter

Modeling and analysis of DC voltage dynamics in modular mult...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Min Wan Jiabing Hu Zhen He Zhiyuan He State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P.R.China Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Beijing P. R. China

Vector control is the most commonly used control strategy for modular multilevel converter (MMC) based HVDC system. However, due to the complicated structure of MMC, there is no precise mathematical model for the outer DC voltage loop. The conventional model ignores the capacitor voltage dynamics, and the AC voltage boosted operation scenario is not considered. This paper proposes a small signal model for the DC voltage loop of MMC. The capacitor voltage dynamics and different operation modes are taken into consideration. Based on the proposed model, the equivalent capacitor in the DC side is analyzed. It is found that the equivalent capacitor is related to the operation mode, the power factor and the capacitor voltage fluctuation ratio, and the operation mode is the major factor. Furthermore, the simplified model is given for the controller design. Compared with the conventional model, the small signal model is more accurate, and it is applicable to both conventional operation mode (the modulation index within unity) and AC voltage boosted operation mode (the modulation index greater than unity). Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by the PSCAD/EMTDC.

关键词： Capacitors Voltage control Modulation Mathematical model Transfer functions Integrated circuit modeling Modular multilevel converters

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Short-circuit current analysis of grid-connected LCL VSC by operational inductance

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The Journal of engineering 2017年第13期2017卷 1101-1105页

作者： Jingyi Liu Jiabing Hu Yuanzhu Chang Wangqianyun Tang Haiyan Tang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy and Storage Systems China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192 People's Republic of China

With the increasing use of grid-connected voltage-source converter with LCL filter (LCL-VSC) in modern power system, analysing its fault behaviour is therefore of utmost importance. Different from the synchronous generation (SG), the fault behaviour of LCL-VSC is in relation to the variation of its filter circuit and inner current control, which makes the multi-input multi-output system of high-order complexity. Here, the operational inductance of the LCL-VSC is first derived for analysing the influence of the filter circuit and current control on its short-circuit current characteristics. Besides, a reasonably simple unified formula and equivalent circuits are developed, which makes it possible to describe its current components, associated decay time constants, and initial value clearly. Eventually, the analytical results are validated by simulated results in MATLAB/Simulink.

关键词： equivalent circuits invertors short-circuit currents synchronous generators power grids electric current control power filters voltage-source convertors equivalent circuits operational inductance LCL filter modern power system fault behaviour filter circuit inner current control multiinput multioutput system short-circuit current characteristics grid-connected LCL VSC grid-connected voltage-source converter synchronous generation high-order complexity MATLAB Simulink SG VSC

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Optimal scheduling modelling for wind power accommodation with compressed air energy storage and price-based demand response

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期188卷

作者： C L Xu L X Li Y W Li J Y Liu S H Miao Q Y Tu Jiangsu Electric Power Dispatch Center Nanjing 210000 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Hubei Electric Power Security and High Efficiency Key Laboratory School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

Nowadays, price-based demand response (PDR) programs with compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems have been rapidly developed in China for wind power generation propagation. Based on this development trend, an optimal scheduling model considering thermal power units (TUs), wind power plants, PDR mechanisms and CAES plants is studied in this paper. Considering the factors of uncertainties in PDR, wind power output and electricity demand, a fuzzy power system optimal scheduling model for minimizing the sum of TUs operation cost, CAES plants cost and wind curtailment penalty is proposed. According to the fuzzy scheduling theory, the fuzzy chance constrains are converted into their clear equivalent forms. The simulation study is implemented with using the data from the Huntorf CAES plant, which can verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimal scheduling model. It is found that the use of CAES and PDR results in 11.1% reduction in thermal power units operation cost and 71.6% reduction in the penalty of wind curtailment.

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A novel robust magnetizing inrush fast identification criterion based on Partial Hausdorff distance

A novel robust magnetizing inrush fast identification criter...

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IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting

作者： Qianwen Guo Le Chen Jianxiang Xie Jiancheng Liu Jun Xiong Wenxiong Mo Hang Zhao Electric Power Research Institute of Guangzhou Power Supply Co. Ltd. Guangzhou 510000 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538622131;9781538622124

The secondary equipment such as protection under complicated electromagnetic condition of substation may mal-operate due to false data caused by electromagnetic interference. However, conventional transformer magnetizing inrush identification method have not considered the influence of false data. By analyzing the influence of false data on different methods, it can be concluded that existing methods may slow-operate even mal-operate. To solve the problem, a new magnetizing inrush identification method based on similarity identification is proposed to prevent this sort of maloperation, and this method has advantage to trip quickly.

关键词： Surges Robustness Integrated circuits Resistance

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A Novel Architecture of Regional Energy Interconnected Distribution Grid Based on Power Router technology

A Novel Architecture of Regional Energy Interconnected Distr...

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IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration

作者： Zhen Wang Xianggen Yin Jinmu Lai Langzi Li Yu Chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology HUST

ISBN: (纸本)9781538614280

Traditional distribution networks have been faced with more and more challenges in recent years. To provide a system-level solution to achieve regional energy optimization scheduling, distribution generation connection, power quality improvement, custom power requirements and so on, this paper proposes a hierarchical system of regional energy interconnection distribution network based on power router technology for the newly incremental distribution network, which may be a transition formation between the traditional and future intelligent distribution networks. The proposed regional energy interconnection distribution network is divided into three different layer based on different functions. The first layer is centralized energy optimization layer to achieve original energy optimization scheduling. The second layer is distributed autonomous layer to connect different AC/DC voltage levels. The third layer is energy interface layer to provide multiple interfaces with plug and play functions. Based on the function and voltage level of different layers, structures of power routers used in different layers are also given.

关键词： Regional energy interconnected distribution grid (REIDG) Regional power router (RPR) Transformer power router (TPR) Branch power router (BPR)

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PLL effect on subsynchronous torsional interaction with VSC-HVDC

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The Journal of engineering 2017年第13期2017卷 2119-2124页

作者： Rong Hu Jianhang Zhu Hongtao Liu Huafeng Zhou Jiale Chen Electric Power Dispatching Control Center of China Southern Power Grid Co. Ltd Guangzhou Guangdong 510623 People's Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 People's Republic of China

Subsynchronous torsion interaction (SSTI) between synchronous generator (SG) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) is one of the main issues for the safe and stable operation of power systems. Compared with SSTI between SGs and line-commutated-converter (LCC)-HVDC, which has been well studied in the past, SSTI between SG and voltage source converter (VSC)-HVDC can also occur. Currently, the studies of SSTI between SG and VSC-HVDC mainly focus on the dynamics of alternating current controller of VSC-HVDC, and it is sufficient to study the electrical damping when evaluating the risk for SSTI. However, the influence of phase-locked loop (PLL) and line impedance between SG and VSC-HVDC is ignored. Here, the effect of PLL dynamics on SG electrical damping is focused. As considering the difference of rotational frame between SG and VSC-HVDC in the current loop timescale, which is caused by the line impedance X g , the mathematical model of dynamic effect of PLL on the electrical damping of SG is derived. Moreover, the optimised design of PLL in considering line impedance conditions is proposed, and it can reduce or eliminate the negative electrical damping in subsynchronous frequency region of SG to reduce the risk of SSTI between SG and VSC-HVDC. Finally, the validity of the analysis and proposed optimisation principle is verified by simulation results.

关键词： HVDC power transmission synchronous generators electric current control phase locked loops voltage-source convertors SG electrical damping VSC-HVDC line impedance SSTI subsynchronous torsional interaction PLL effect synchronous generator high-voltage direct current line-commutated-converter voltage source converter alternating current controller phase-locked loop current loop timescale subsynchronous frequency region

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