作者：
NANCY MERRITTTERRY FAINSUSAN TURNERExtensive experience conducting justice system policy studies at the state and local level. As a Policy Analyst with the RAND Corporation and government agencies
she designed and directed studies focused on the development implementation and evaluation of sentencing policy as well as juvenile and adult correctional programs. Her current work focuses on the implementation and impact of mandatory sentencing laws cross-jurisdictional variations in their application and the effects of prosecutorial discretion. Additional areas of interest include the development implementation and evaluation of juvenile justice programming. Ms. Merritt received her M.S. from the Pennsylvania State University University Park and is a Ph.D. candidate with the Rutgers University School of Criminal Justice. M.A.
M.S. is a Senior project associate in the Behavioral Sciences Department at RAND Corporation. He has extensive research experience in criminal justice and substance abuse. He is expert in computer statistical techniques as well as in managing large datasets. He has conducted analysis for many RAND projects and is author or co-author of numerous publications both from RAND and in peer-reviewed journals. His research interests include alternatives to incarceration substance abuse and treatment racial disparities in prison admissions and research collaborations with state and local justice agencies. Professor in the Department of Criminology
Law and Society at the University of California's Irvine campus. She received her Ph.D. in Social Psychology from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She has led a variety of research projects including studies on racial disparity field experiments of private sector alternatives for serious juvenile offenders work release day fines and a 14–site evaluation of intensive supervision probation. Dr. Turner's areas of expertise include the design and implementation of randomized field experiments and research collaborations with state and local justice agencies. He
Research Summary: Oregon's Measure 11, a mandatory minimum sentencing policy passed in 1994, had fewer negative system impacts than had been anticipated by many state and local criminal justice administrators, due...
详细信息
Research Summary: Oregon's Measure 11, a mandatory minimum sentencing policy passed in 1994, had fewer negative system impacts than had been anticipated by many state and local criminal justice administrators, due largely to the fact that prosecutors exercised the discretion provided them under the law to selectively prosecute cases. Consequently, fewer Measure 11-eligible cases were sentenced under the relevant statues than before passage of the measure, and more were sentenced to lesser related offenses. At the same time, incarceration rates and sentence lengths increased for both Measure 11 and lesser related offenses. Trial rates increased for two years after Measure 11 took effect before reverting to previous levels. Policy Implications: The “unintended consequences” that Measure 11 produced should not have been unexpected. Our research indicates that the entire system will quickly adapt to mitigate the more draconian outcomes predicted by those who assume a simplistic implementation, which underscores the importance of understanding system dynamics and inter-relationships before implementing reform, as well as the pitfalls of designing legislation for either symbolic appeal or formal logic rather than for actual effect.
作者：
MILLER, LS*University of California
Berkeley. Support for the research reported in this paper came from the Office of Education grant number OEG-0–72–4887 the Carnegie Commission on the Future of Higher Education in America the College Scholarship Service The Computer Center of the University of California Berkeley and the National Science Foundation grant number NSF. SOC73-05652A01. This research began in 1968 while Roy Radner and I were studying the demand and supply for higher education in the United States for the Carnegie Commission. The study began as a joint effort and I am indebted to Radner for his long involvement in the ideas presented here. I also wish to acknowledge N. E. Savin for his comments on the nature of the statistical problem contained herein and to Jerry Smith for his years of assistance on programming matters associated with this study. As author I am responsible for the content calculations and errors that remain in this paper.
Following administration of lower doses of vinca alkaloids a significant thrombocytosis can develop. The authors have attempted to explain the mechanism of this phenomenon. 40 female rats of the Wistar strain were sub...
Following administration of lower doses of vinca alkaloids a significant thrombocytosis can develop. The authors have attempted to explain the mechanism of this phenomenon. 40 female rats of the Wistar strain were sublethally irradiated from a 60 Co cobalt source. The postradiation depression phase as well as the regeneration phase (depending on intact stem cells) has an approximately parallel course in erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocyte lines. When vinblastine was administered during the period of depression, the platelet count was restored more rapidly and even significant thrombocytosis appeared. The authors suggest that this might be due to increased stem cell differentiation into the megakaryocyte compartment.
作者：
VANDOREN, DMRYDER, GJAssistant Professor of Agronomy
Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta. Wooster Ohio and Associate Professor of Agronomy Ohio State Univ. Columbus Ohio. The authors wish to thank C. R. Weaver for help with IBM card programming and the statistical analysis.
Use of minimum tillage resulted in an average of 4.8 bushels per acre more corn than use of conventional tillage. Low yield levels and low rainfall combined with high degrees of land slope tended to increase this diff...
Use of minimum tillage resulted in an average of 4.8 bushels per acre more corn than use of conventional tillage. Low yield levels and low rainfall combined with high degrees of land slope tended to increase this difference. Weed control practices, conventional seedbed preparation, soil surface texture and internal drainage, and previous crop had no effect on the yield difference between the tillage systems.
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