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Modeling non-linear spectral domain dependence using copulas with applications to rat local field potentials (vol 15, pg 85, 2020)

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ECONOMETRICS AND statistics 2025年 33卷 85-103页

作者： Fontaine, Charles Frostig, Ron D. Ombao, Hernando Statistics Program King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Saudi Arabia Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of California-Irvine USA

Tools for characterizing non-linear spectral dependence between spontaneous brain signals are developed, based on the use of parametric copula models (both bivariate and vine models) applied on the magnitude of Fourier coefficients rather than using coherence. The motivation is an experiment on rats that studied the impact of stroke on the connectivity structure (dependence) between local field potentials recorded by various microelectrodes. The following major questions are addressed. The first is to determine changepoints in the regime within a microelectrode for a given frequency band based on a difference between the cumulative distribution functions modeled for each epoch (small window of time). The proposed approach is an iterative algorithm which compares each successive bivariate copulas on all the epochs range, using a bivariate Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic. The second is to determine if such changes are present only in some microelectrodes versus generalized across the entire network. These issues are addressed by comparing Vine-copulas models fitted for each epoch. The necessary framework is provided and the effectiveness of the methods is shown through the results for the local field potential data analysis of a rat.

关键词： Changepoints Dependence Fourier transform Parametric copulas Spectral domain Vine copulas

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Etching-free pixel definition in InGaN green micro-LEDs

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1655-1665页

作者： Zhiyuan Liu Yi Lu Haicheng Cao Glen Isaac Maciel Garcia Tingang Liu Xiao Tang Na Xiao Raul Aguileta Vazquez Mingtao Nong Xiaohang Li Advanced Semiconductor Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering ProgramCEMSE DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The traditional plasma etching process for defining micro-LED pixels could lead to significant sidewall *** near sidewall regions act as non-radiative recombination centers and paths for current leakage,significantly deteriorating device *** this study,we demonstrated a novel selective thermal oxidation(STO)method that allowed pixel definition without undergoing plasma damage and subsequent dielectric *** annealing in ambient air oxidized and reshaped the LED structure,such as p-layers and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum ***,the pixel areas beneath the pre-deposited SiO_(2)layer were selectively and effectively *** was demonstrated that prolonged thermal annealing time enhanced the insulating properties of the oxide,significantly reducing LED leakage ***,applying a thicker SiO_(2)protective layer minimized device resistance and boosted device efficiency *** the STO method,InGaN green micro-LED arrays with 50-,30-,and 10-μm pixel sizes were manufactured and *** results indicated that after 4 h of air annealing and with a 3.5-μm SiO_(2)protective layer,the 10-μm pixel array exhibited leakage currents density 1.2×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)at-10 V voltage and a peak on-wafer external quantum efficiency of~6.48%.This work suggests that the STO method could become an effective approach for future micro-LED manufacturing to mitigate adverse LED efficiency size effects due to the plasma etching and improve device ***-LEDs fabricated through the STO method can be applied to micro-displays,visible light communication,and optical interconnect-based *** planar pixel geometry will provide more possibilities for the monolithic integration of driving circuits with ***,the STO method is not limited to micro-LED fabrication and can be extended to design other III-nitride devices,such as photodetectors,laser diodes,high-electron-mobility transistors

关键词： annealing protective quantum

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Collective wetting transitions of submerged gas-entrapping microtextured surfaces

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Droplet 2024年第3期3卷 102-106页

作者： Sankara Arunachalam Himanshu Mishra Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia Water Desalination and Reuse Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Numerous natural and industrial processes entail the spontaneous entrapment of gas/air as rough/patterned surfaces are submerged under *** the wetting transitions ensue,the gas diffuses into the water leading to the fully water-filled ***,the standard models forwetting do not accountfor the microtexture’s topography on collective wetting *** other words,it is not clear whether the lifetime of n cavities arranged in a one-dimensional(I-D)line or a two-dimensional(II-D)(circular or square)lattice would be the same or not as a single 0-D *** response,we tracked the time-dependentfates of gas pockets trapped in I-D and II-D lattices and compared them with wetting transitions in commensurate 0-D ***,the collective wetting transitions in the I-D and the II-D arrays had a directionality such thatthe gas from the outermost cavities was lostthe first,while the innermost gotfilled by water the *** essence,microtexture’s spatial organization afforded shielding to the loss of the gas from the innermost cavities,which we probed as a function of the microtexture’s pitch,surface density,dimensionality,and hydrostatic *** findings advance our knowledge of wetting transitions in microtextures and inspiring surface textures to protect electronic devices against liquid ingression.

关键词： topography transitions submerged

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Connectome-GTC: A Unified Framework for Brain Functional and Structural Connectomes Generation, Translation, and Classification 22

Connectome-GTC: A Unified Framework for Brain Functional and...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, ISBI 2025

作者： Tan, Yee-Fan Tan, Pei-Sze Noman, Fuad Phan, Raphaël C.-W. Ombao, Hernando Ting, Chee-Ming School of Information Technology Monash University Australia King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Statistics Program Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520526

Deep learning (DL) approaches have shown great promise in classifying brain disorders using functional connectivity (FC) and structural connectivity (SC). However, achieving optimal performance with DL-based classification typically requires large sample sizes, and collecting brain connectome data can be both difficult and expensive. Acquiring both modalities simultaneously presents additional challenges. While existing data augmentation techniques using deep generative models have demonstrated effectiveness in synthesizing new data to support DL models, most focus on a single modality and cannot infer SC from FC or vice versa. In this study, we propose a unified framework for the generation, translation, and classification of brain functional and structural connectomes (Brain-GTC). This calibrated pipeline utilizes generative models to synthesize new FC and SC. With the synthesized data, Brain-GTC employs a fusion-based classifier that integrates static FC (sFC), dynamic FC (dFC), and SC as inputs to enhance downstream classification. Notably, it can translate new FC and SC data even in the absence of one modality. Experimental results demonstrate substantial improvements, signif-icantly outperforming models without data augmentation or translation and those relying solely on sFC, dFC, or SC. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： classification Functional connectivity generation structural connectivity translation

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Constructing Semantical Structure by Segmentation Integrated Video Embedding for Temporal Action Detection

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年第6期35卷 5980-5992页

作者： Zhao, Zixuan Liu, Shuming Zhao, Chengze Zhao, Xu Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Computer Science Program Thuwal23599 Saudi Arabia

Video embedding is the pivot in Temporal Action Detection (TAD). Once the video embedding can robustly capture the essence of actions and perceive activities in complex scenes, the TAD model can more accurately localize action boundaries. Currently, video embedding is typically based on rule-based pixel convolution or cube-based transformer, wherein structured semantic information is intertwined, leading to the submergence of crucial spatial semantic information, such as the intrinsic motion of key semantic objects and interactions among semantic objects. To address these limitations, it is imperative to explore alternative approaches. With the remarkable performance of general semantic segmentation models in visual representation, we introduce the general segmentation model SEEM into the video embedding paradigm, constructing a semantically structured representation from perceptual semantics to cognitive semantics. To more effectively utilize SEEM for structured video representation, we designed the Semantic Adapter (Sem-Adapter) as a bridge to connect the two models. Firstly, we design a Self-Motion Module (SMM) to pay attention to the self-motion of key semantic regions. Secondly, we propose a Mutual Relation Module (MRM) to construct the interactions between semantic regions. Extensive experiments on ActivityNet-1.3, THUMOS-14 and EPIC-Kitchens-100 reveal that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods under the same input modality, and our method improves the average mAP from 60.6% to 64.2% on THUMOS-14 with the same backbone. The code is available on https://***/shouxiaozixuan/semtad. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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GPU-Accelerated Vecchia Approximations of Gaussian Processes for Geospatial Data using Batched Matrix Computations 39

GPU-Accelerated Vecchia Approximations of Gaussian Processes...

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39th International Conference on High Performance Computing, ISC High Performance 2024

作者： Pan, Qilong Abdulah, Sameh Genton, Marc G. Keyes, David E. Ltaief, Hatem Sun, Ying Statistics Program Saudi Arabia Extreme Computing Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Jeddah23955 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9783982633602

Gaussian processes (GPs) are commonly used for geospatial analysis, but they suffer from high computational complexity when dealing with massive data. For instance, the log-likelihood function required in estimating the statistical model parameters for geospatial data is a computationally intensive procedure that involves computing the inverse of a covariance matrix with size n × n, where n represents the number of geographical locations in the simplest case. As a result, in the literature, studies have shifted towards approximation methods to handle larger values of n effectively while maintaining high accuracy. These methods encompass a range of techniques, including low-rank and sparse approximations. Among these techniques, Vecchia approximation is one of the most promising methods to speed up evaluating the log-likelihood function. This study presents a parallel implementation of the Vecchia approximation technique, utilizing batched matrix computations on contemporary GPUs. The proposed implementation relies on batched linear algebra routines to efficiently execute individual conditional distributions in the Vecchia algorithm. We rely on the KBLAS linear algebra library to perform batched linear algebra operations, reducing the time to solution compared to the state-of-the-art parallel implementation of the likelihood estimation operation in the ExaGeoStat software by up to 700X, 833X, 1380X on 32GB GV100, 80GB A100, and 80GB H100 GPUs, respectively, with the largest matrix dimension that can fully fit into the GPU memory in the dense Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) case. We also successfully manage larger problem sizes on a single NVIDIA GPU, accommodating up to 1 million locations with 80GB A100 and H100 GPUs while maintaining the necessary application accuracy. We further assess the accuracy performance of the implemented algorithm, identifying the optimal settings for the Vecchia approximation algorithm to preserve accuracy on two real geospatial datas

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Evolution and customisation of the RegCM model for urban climate studies:Addressing multifaceted challenges and advancing climate science

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第4期5卷 607-624页

作者： Naushin Yasmin Safi Ullah Sami G.Al-Ghamdi Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)Division Environmental Science and Engineering ProgramKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955-6900ThuwalSaudi Arabia KAUST Climate and Livability Initiative King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955-6900ThuwalSaudi Arabia

The Regional Climate Model(RegCM)proves valuable for climate analysis and has been applied to a wide range of climate change aspects and other environmental issues at a regional *** model also demonstrated success in diverse areas of urban research,including urban heat island studies,extreme climate events analysis,assessing urban resilience,and evaluating urbanization impacts on climate and air ***,more studies have been conducted in utilizing RegCM to address climate change in cities,due to its enhanced ability over the years to capture meteorological phenomena at city ***,there are many challenges associated with its implementation in meso-scale research,which are attributed to various shortcomings and thus create room for further improvement in the *** paper presents a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the RegCM over the years and its customisation across various parameters,demonstrating its versatility in urban climate studies and underscoring the model’s pivotal role in addressing multifaceted challenges in urban *** addressing these aspects,the paper offers valuable insights and recommendations for researchers seeking to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of urban climate simulations using the RegCM system,thereby contributing to the advancement of urban climate science and sustainability.

关键词： RegCM Urban climate Air quality Urban heat island effect Urban design Climate extremes

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From light sensing to adaptive learning:hafnium diselenide reconfigurable memcapacitive devices in neuromorphic computing

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Light(science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 215-226页

作者： Bashayr Alqahtani Hanrui Li Abdul Momin Syed Nazek El-Atab Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)RiyadhSaudi Arabia

Advancements in neuromorphic computing have given an impetus to the development of systems with adaptive behavior,dynamic responses,and energy efficiency *** charge-based or emerging memory technologies such as memristors have been developed to emulate synaptic plasticity,replicating the key functionality of neurons—integrating diverse presynaptic inputs to fire electrical impulses—has remained *** this study,we developed reconfigurable metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCaps)based on hafnium diselenide(HfSe2).The proposed devices exhibit(1)optoelectronic synaptic features and perform separate stimulus-associated learning,indicating considerable adaptive neuron emulation,(2)dual light-enabled charge-trapping and memcapacitive behavior within the same MOSCap device,whose threshold voltage and capacitance vary based on the light intensity across the visible spectrum,(3)memcapacitor volatility tuning based on the biasing conditions,enabling the transition from volatile light sensing to non-volatile optical data *** reconfigurability and multifunctionality of MOSCap were used to integrate the device into a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron model within a spiking neural network to dynamically adjust firing patterns based on light stimuli and detect exoplanets through variations in light intensity.

关键词： integrate volatile integrating

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The Development and Evaluation of Homogenously Weighted Moving Average Control Chart based on an Autoregressive Process

HighTech and Innovation Journal

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HighTech and Innovation Journal 2024年第1期5卷 16-35页

作者： Sunthornwat, Rapin Sukparungsee, Saowanit Areepong, Yupaporn Industrial Technology and Innovation Management Program Faculty of Science and Technology Pathumwan Institute of Technology 10330 Thailand Department of Applied Statistics Faculty of Applied Science King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok10800 Thailand

This research aims to investigate a Homogenously Weighted Moving Average (HWMA) control chart for detecting minor and moderate shifts in the process mean. A mathematical model for the explicit formulae of the average run length (ARL) of the HWMA control chart based on the autoregressive (AR) process is presented. The efficacy of the HWMA control chart is evaluated based on the average run length, the standard deviation of run length (SDRL), and the median run length (MRL). As illustrations of the design and implementation of the HWMA control chart, numerical examples are provided. In numerous instances, a comparative analysis of the HWMA control chart relative to the Extended Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (Extended EWMA) and cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts with mean process shifts is performed in detail. Additionally, the relative mean index (RMI), the average extra quadratic loss (AEQL), and the performance comparison index (PCI) are utilized to evaluate the performance of control charts. For various shift sizes, the HWMA control chart is superior to the Extended EWMA and CUSUM control charts. This study applies empirical data from the area of economics to validate the explicit formula of ARL values for the HWMA control chart. © Authors retain all copyrights.

关键词： Control charts

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Deciphering DNA variant-associated aberrant splicing with the aid of RNA sequencing (vol 55, pg 732, 2023)

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NATURE GENETICS 2023年第7期55卷 1251-1251页

作者： Zhang, Bin Gao, Xin Computer Science Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia KAUST Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

Aberrant RNA splicing events resulting from DNA variations are common causes of genetic disorders. Two studies published in Nature Genetics independently describe methods to decipher DNA-variant-associated aberrant sp... 详细信息

关键词： Data mining High-throughput screening

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