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Efficient Spin-Orbit Torque Switching in a Perpendicularly Magnetized Heusler Alloy MnPtGe Single Layer

ACS NANO 2023年第7期17卷 6400-6409页

作者： Ren, Lizhu Zhou, Chenghang Song, Xiaohe Seng, Herng Tun Liu, Liang Li, Chaojiang Zhao, Tieyang Zheng, Zhenyi Ding, Jun Feng, Yuan Ping Chen, Jingsheng Teo, Kie Leong Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Singapore 117576 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Mat Sci & Engn Singapore 117575 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore NUS Grad Sch Integrat Sci & Engn Programme Singapore 119077 Singapore Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Phys & Astron Key Lab Artificial Structures & Quantum Control M Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Technol Sch Mech & Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Dept Phys Singapore 117551 Singapore

Electrically manipulating magnetic moments by spin-orbit torque (SOT) has great potential applications in magnetic memories and logic devices. Although there have been rich SOT studies on magnetic heterostructures, low interfacial thermal stability and high switching current density still remain an issue. Here, highly textured, polycrystalline Heusler alloy MnxPtyGe (MPG) films with various thicknesses are directly deposited onto thermally oxidized silicon wafers. The perpendicular magnetization of the MPG single layer can be reversibly switched by electrical current pulses with a magnitude as low as 4.1 x 10(10)Am(-2), as evidenced by both the electrical transport and the magnetic optical measurements. The switching is shown to arise from inversion symmetry breaking due to the vertical composition gradient of the films after sample annealing. The SOT effective fields of the samples are analyzed systematically. It is found that the SOT efficiency increases with the film thickness, suggesting a robust bulk-like behavior in the single magnetic layer. Furthermore, a memristive characteristic has been observed due to a multidomain switching property in the single-layer MPG device. Additionally, deterministic field-free switching of magnetization is observed when the electric current flows orthogonal to the direction of the in-plane compositional gradient due to the in-plane symmetry breaking. This work proves that the MPG is a good candidate to be utilized in high-density and efficient magnetoresistive random access memory devices and other spintronic applications.

关键词： magnetic single layer Heusler alloy perpendicularly magnetized anisotropy bulk spin-orbit torque current-induced magnetization switching field-free SOT switching

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Exposition à la pollution de l’air, conséquences respiratoires et perceptions chez des enfants africains vivant dans des conditions précaires en milieu urbain – une étude de cas à Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités 2025年第1期17卷 125-126页

作者： A. Pajot M. Yapo S. Coulibaly M. Doumbia S. Gnamien K. Kouao S. Ahoua S. Adjoua Dje C. Liousse R. Moh J. Orne-Gliemann F. Dick Amon Tanoh V. Yoboue O. Marcy Université de Bordeaux Inserm U1219 centre de recherche Bordeaux Population Health France Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny de Cocody UFR des sciences des structures de la matière et de technologie laboratoire des sciences de la matière de l’environnement et de l’énergie solaire Abidjan 22 Côte d’Ivoire Universté Peleforo Gon Coulibaly Korhogo Côte d’Ivoire Service de pédiatrie CHU d’Angré Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées Toulouse France Programme PACCI Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire

Introduction La pollution de l’air peut gravement affecter la santé pulmonaire des enfants, mais elle est souvent négligée en tant que priorité de santé publique par les décideurs politi...

Introduction La pollution de l’air peut gravement affecter la santé pulmonaire des enfants, mais elle est souvent négligée en tant que priorité de santé publique par les décideurs politiques et la population dans les pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire. Méthodes Nous avons réalisé une étude interdisciplinaire utilisant une méthode mixte pour évaluer l’exposition à la pollution de l’air et la santé respiratoire des enfants âgés de 5 à 10 ans vivant dans des conditions précaires à Yopougon, un quartier d’Abidjan, en Côte d’Ivoire, ainsi que les perceptions et les connaissances des parents et des enfants sur la pollution de l’air. Nous avons évalué l’exposition à la pollution par les concentrations de PM10 et PM2,5 à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur, ainsi que par des questionnaires. La santé respiratoire des enfants a été évaluée à l’aide du questionnaire ISAAC, d’une évaluation clinique, de spirométrie ou de RINT, en fonction de leur capacité à effectuer une expiration forcée. Leur perception de la pollution de l’air a été évaluée à travers l’activité « Dessine et exprime-toi », et celle des parents par des entretiens semi-structurés et des questionnaires. Résultats Nous avons recruté 124 enfants issus de 65 ménages qui utilisaient une cuisson mixte au gaz et au charbon de bois, dans des environnements fortement pollués. Les concentrations médianes de PM10 et PM2,5 sur 48 heures étaient respectivement de 126,7 (IQR : 82,7) et 60,8 (IQR : 50,7) μg/m 3 à l’intérieur, et de 113,4 (IQR : 64,2) et 58,2 (IQR : 36,9) μg/m 3 à l’extérieur, dans les cours. Vingt et un enfants (16,9 %) ont signalé une respiration sifflante au cours de l’année précédente, 65 (52,4 %) ont signalé une toux sèche nocturne, et 63 (72,4 %) présentaient une altération de la fonction pulmonaire à la spirométrie, avec 24 (27,6 %) cas d’asthme, 19 (21,8 %) cas d’obstruction non réversible et 20 (23,0 %) cas de trouble restrictif. Les adultes et les enfants ont pu identifier des sources visibles de pollu

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Air pollution exposure, respiratory consequences, and perceptions among urban African children living in poorly condition–a case study in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

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Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 2025年第4期42卷 203-203页

作者： A. Pajot M. Yapo S. Coulibaly M. Doumbia S. Gnamien K. Kouao S. Ahoua S. Dje C. Liousse R. Moh J. Orne-Gliemann F. Dick Amon Tanoh V. Yoboue O. Marcy University of Bordeaux Inserm U1219 Centre de recherche Bordeaux Population Health France University Félix Houphouët-Boigny de Cocody UFR des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et de Technologie LAboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l‘Environnement et de l’énergie Solaire Abidjan Ivory Coast Universty Peleforo Gon Coulibaly Korhogo Ivory Coast Service de Pédiatrie CHU d’Angré Abidjan Ivory Coast Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées Toulouse France Programme PACCI Abidjan Ivory Coast

Introduction Air pollution can severely impact child lung health, but is often not considered a public health priority by policy-makers and population in low-and-middle income countries. Methods We did an interdisciplinary mixed method study to assess exposure to air pollution and respiratory health in children aged 5-10 living in poorly condition in Abidjan and parent and child perceptions and knowledge of air pollution. We assessed pollution exposure with indoor and outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations and questionnaires, children's respiratory health with ISAAC questionnaire, clinical evaluation, spirometry and RINT, their perception of air pollution with a “Draw and express yourself” activity and that of parents with semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Results We enrolled 124 children from 65 households, that used mixed cooking with gas and charcoal in settings with important environmental air pollution. Median 48-hour PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were 126.7 (IQR: 82.7) and 60.8 (IQR: 50.7) μg/m 3 , indoor respectively, and 112.8 (IQR: 57.8) and 58.2 (IQR: 37.6) μg/m 3 , outdoor in courtyards. 21 (16.9 %) children reported wheezing in the previous year, 65 (52.4 %) dry cough at night, and 63 (72.4 %) had lung function impairment on spirometry with 24 (27.6 %) asthma, 19 (21.8 %) non reversible obstruction and 20 (23.0 %) restrictive pattern. Adults and children were able to identify visible sources of air pollution but largely ignored effects on health. Conclusion Recommendations and awareness-raising for parents and children, starting at primary school level, are needed to limit the exposure to and respiratory consequences of air pollution.

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'Black box' for spacecrafts 68

'Black box' for spacecrafts

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68th International Astronautical Congress: Unlocking Imagination, Fostering Innovation and Strengthening Security, IAC 2017

作者： Prabhakar, Vivek Viswanathan, Ranjith Structures Group Mechanical Systems Area ISRO Satellite Centre Indian Space Research Organisation Bangalore5600017 India Satellite Navigation Programme ISRO Satellite Centre Indian Space Research Organisation Bangalore5600017 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781510855373

This paper proposes the concept and design of a 'Black Box' for spacecraft / space systems. In the event of failure of a mission critical sub-system, or the complete failure of a spacecraft (including physical impact on spacecraft resulting in a total loss), the data of the events leading to the failure are very critical for analysis and is usually unavailable. The paper proposes a system level design of the stand-alone, light-weight and a survivable 'black box' unit that can be piggy-backed onto a spacecraft. The paper shall address the various sub-systems of the 'black box' that shall primarily consist of a network of sensors and actuators, a data recording and storage system, an independent power source, a command control unit, RF system, a GNSS based navigation system etc. The 'black box' shall have a system to record the various parameters continuously from a network of different sensors for a pre-determined period of time. The proposed 'black box' shall have a mechanism to separate in the event of a break-up of the host satellite due to debris impact, anti-satellite etc. The 'black box' can be considered as a 'epiphytic' Nano (or pico) satellite that shall be attached to a host satellite and detach itself to function as an independent satellite to provide the valuable information till the instant of impact.

关键词： Structural health monitoring

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Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Adsorption of Rhodamine B onto Bentonite Supported Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Nanocomposite

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1299卷

作者： Adewumi O. Dada Folahan. A. Adekola Ezekiel. O. Odebunmi Adejumoke. A. Inyinbor Banjo A Akinyemi Ilesanmi, D. Adesewa Industrial Chemistry Programme Department of Physical Sciences (Science and Technology Research Cluster) Landmark University P.M.B.1001 Omu-Aran Kwara State Nigeria Department of Industrial Chemistry University of Ilorin P.M.B. 1515 Ilorin Nigeria Department of Chemistry University of Ilorin P.M.B. 1515 Ilorin Nigeria Farm Structures and Environment Unit Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Nigeria

Bentonite clay supported nanoscale zerovalent iron (BC-nZVI) composite was successfully prepared. BC-nZVI was characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Surface area as determined by sear's method is 291.2 cm2. Adsorption operational parameters were investigated in a batch technique. At 500 mg/L initial concentration, 120 minutes contact time and pH 3, 454.81 mg/g quantity was adsorbed. The highest adsorption percentage removal efficiency was obtained at room temperature. Kinetic data fitted best to pseudo second order and the mechanism was diffusion governed. The kinetic models were further validated by sum of square error (SSE) and non-linear Chi-square statistical models (X2). The values of the thermodynamic parameters: standard enthalpy change ΔH (-10.597 Jmol−1)to (-5558 Jmol−1.), standard entropy change, ΔS (-277.804 J mol−1 K−1)- to (-139.2595 J mol−1K−1) and the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) revealed that the adsorption process was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The performance of BC-nZVI enlisted it as a great potential adsorbent for effective removal of Rhodamine B and therefore recommended for application in industrial effluent treatment.

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Water absorption and thickness swelling behavior of thermally treated lignocellulosic reinforced styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) composites 27

Water absorption and thickness swelling behavior of thermall...

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27th International Conference on Wood Science and Technology: Implementation of Wood Science in Woodworking Sector, ICWST 2016

作者： Tankut, Nurgul Zor, Mustafa Tajvidi, Mehdi Gardner, Douglas J. Yazici, Hikmet Forest Products Engineering Department Faculty of Forestry University of Bartin Bartin Turkey Furniture and Decoration Programme Caycuma Vocational School University of Bulent Ecevit Zonguldak Turkey School of Forest Resources Advanced Structures and Composite Center University of Maine OronoME United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789532920475

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of heat treated and untreated wood fillers on water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) behavior of wood/SMA thermoplastic composites. Wood plastic composites (WPCs) were produced from thermally treated eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) wood and styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) polymer by melt compounding followed by injection molding. The wood chips were thermally treated for 8 h at 212°C, under saturated steam in a digester and then grounded (60-mesh size) by a wood mill. WA and TS behavior of the composites were determined at different levels of wood flour content for several weeks. Results indicated that the WA and TS of wood flour filled/SMA composites increased with increasing both of wood flour and heat treated wood flour content. Also, the composites containing 50% heat treated wood flour with SMA had the maximum moisture sorption.

关键词： Water absorption

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Weibull probability model for tensile properties of kenaf technical fibers

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期2030卷

作者： M. N. Zakaria A. Crosky A. Beehag 1Bio-Composite Technology Programme School of Industrial Technology Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia 2School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia 3Cooperative Research Centre for Advanced Composite Structures Limited 506 Lorimer Street Fishermans Bend Victoria 3207 Australia

Tensile properties of kenaf technical fibers were investigated and has been statistically analysed by Weibull weakest-link model. The tensile strength of kenaf fiber has been verified to follow this two-parameter Weibull distribution. The Weibull modulus varied between 1.7 and 2 for fiber tensile strength, and 1.6 to 2.4 for fiber Young’s modulus, meanwhile the scale parameter varied between 204.7 MPa and 282.2 MPa for fiber tensile strength and for Young’s modulus between 14.8 GPa and 21.2 GPa. Lowest modulus was estimated with the high number of defects contained along the fibers. The present study presented that the Weibull distribution describes the experimentally measured strength data more appropriately.

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Difference-based conformance checking for Ecore metamodels

Difference-based conformance checking for Ecore metamodels

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Modellierung 2014

作者： Burger, Erik Toshovski, Aleksandar Institute for Programme Structures and Data Organization Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Am Fasanengarten 5 Karlsruhe76131 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885796190

During modern model-driven development processes, generators and higherorder transformations are used to create metamodels with short life cycles. Since these metamodels often differ from each other only in small parts, instances as well as metamodels may be re-used if the difference between them does not lead to a violation of instance conformance. Existing co-evolution approaches describe this conformance based on change operators to a metamodel. Thus, they require that changes to the metamodels are carried out using special editors. To use this conformance for arbitrarily generated metamodels, we present a conformance validator for Ecore metamodels that is based on difference-based analysis. The validator has been implemented as a plug-in for the Eclipse framework. We demonstrate the completeness of our approach by covering state-of-the-art co-evolution change operators.

关键词： Abiotic

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Seismic performance of steel MRFs with partially-restrained, bolted, beam-to-column connections through FE simulations

Seismic performance of steel MRFs with partially-restrained,...

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structures Congress 2014

作者： Brunesi, E. Nascimbene, R. Rassati, G.A. ROSE Programme UME School Institute for Advanced Study Via Ferrata 1 Pavia27100 Italy EUCENTRE European Centre for Training and Research in Earthquake Engineering Via Ferrata 1 Pavia27100 Italy School of Advanced Structures University of Cincinnati 765 Baldwin Hall CincinnatiOH45221-0071 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784413357

Even though partially-restrained, bolted, beam-to-column connection systems are not explicitly certified to be used for moment resistance in current building specification jurisdictions, they represent a promising solution in modern steel moment-resisting frames (MRFs), showing their significant potential to be able to mitigate some of the major drawbacks inherently related to the geometry of welded connections. In order to quantify the influence of this attractive solution, applicable both to new construction and to the retrofitting of existing structures - on the global response of whole MRF buildings under seismic loads - a numerical procedure, based both on refined three-dimensional solid and one-dimensional fiber-based finite element (FE) models, has been developed and validated using past experimental results. This validated numerical approach has been used to assess the seismic performance of T-stub connection systems within entire MRFs, in comparison with the response of other top-and-seat angle joints. A series of conventional and adaptive pushover and incremental dynamic analyses, accounting for material and geometric nonlinearities, has been carried out to quantify behavioral changes as a consequence of geometric variations in the connection system. © 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： Finite element method

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European composites developments for launcher applications 19

European composites developments for launcher applications

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19th International Conference on Composite Materials, ICCM 2013

作者： Jaredson, D. Bureo Dacal, R. Ramusat, G. Pilchen, G. Structures Section European Space Agency Noordwijk Netherlands Future Launcher Preparatory Programme European Space Agency Paris France

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