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Sustainable Solutions for Municipal Solid Waste Management in Thailand

Journal of Civil engineering and Architecture 2010年第3期4卷 57-65页

作者： Thaniya Kaosol Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Songkla 90112 Thailand

General as well as the municipal solid waste （MSW） management in Thailand is reviewed in this paper. Topics include the MSW generation, sources, composition and trends. The review, then, moves to sustainable solutions for MSW management and sustainable alternative approaches with an emphasis on an integrated MSW management. Information of waste in Thailand is also given at the beginning of this paper for better understanding of later contents. It is clear that no one single method of MSW disposal can deal with all materials in an environmentally sustainable way. As such, a suitable approach in MSW management should be an integrated approach that could deliver both environmental and economic sustainability. With increasing environmental concerns, the integrated MSW management system has a potential to maximize the useable waste materials as well as produce energy as a by-product. In Thailand, the compositions of waste （86%） are mainly organic waste, paper, plastic, glass and metal. As a result, the waste in Thailand is suitable for an integrated MSW management. Currently, the Thai national waste management policy starts to encourage the local administrations to gather into clusters, to establish central MSW disposal facilities with suitable technologies and reducing the disposal cost based on the amount of MSW generated.

关键词： MSW management sustainable Thailand.

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基于不确定条件下的北京电源规划优化模型

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电力系统保护与控制 2010年第15期38卷 53-59页

作者：梁宇希黄国和林千果张晓萱牛彦涛华北电力大学能源与环境研究中心北京102206 Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of Regina

电源规划是电力系统中非常重要的规划,直接影响系统今后运行的可靠性、经济性、电能质量、网络结构及其将来的发展。以北京地区为例,建立了一个不确定性电源规划优化模型。本模型引入区间混合整数线性规划方法,可以有效地解决电源规划... 详细信息

电源规划是电力系统中非常重要的规划,直接影响系统今后运行的可靠性、经济性、电能质量、网络结构及其将来的发展。以北京地区为例,建立了一个不确定性电源规划优化模型。本模型引入区间混合整数线性规划方法,可以有效地解决电源规划模型中存在的不确定性问题和发电机组的装机扩建问题。结果表明:北京市将初步建立起以煤、气发电为主,新能源和可再生能源发电等为补充的多元化电源结构,为首都经济社会发展和人民生活水平的提高提供安全可靠、稳定充足的电力供应。

关键词：不确定性电源规划区间规划装机扩建优化

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Product distribution and reaction pathways during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on an iron catalyst

Product distribution and reaction pathways during Fischer-Tr...

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27th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference 2010, PCC 2010

作者： Bukur, Dragomir B. Nowicki, Lech Chemical Engineering Program Texas A and M University at Qatar P.O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A and M University College Station TX 77843 United States Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering Technical University of Lodz 90-924 Lodz Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781617823213

A precipitated iron Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) catalyst was tested in a stirred tank slurry reactor under different process conditions. The extent of water-gas-shift (WGS) reaction increased with increase in conversion of the limiting reactant, indicating that the WGS is a consecutive reaction with respect to water formed in the F-T synthesis reaction. The experimental results indicate that 1-olefins participate in secondary reactions (e.g. 1-olefin hydrogenation, isomerization and readsorption). Secondary hydrogenation and isomerization of 1-olefins increased with increase in partial pressure of hydrogen. Gas residence time had significant effect on selectivity of ethylene and other gaseous 1-olefins. Chain growth probability factor increased with increase in molecular weight.

关键词： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis

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A multistage scenario-based inexact fuzzy-stochastic chance-constrained programming for water resources management under uncertainty

A multistage scenario-based inexact fuzzy-stochastic chance-...

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International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC)

作者： Lei Jin Guohe Huang Yurui Fan Li Wang Huaidong Zhou Department of Environmental Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen China Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Regina SAS Canada

In this study, a multistage scenario-based inexact fuzzy-stochastic chance-constrained programming (MSIFSCCP) is proposed for water resources management under uncertainty. The developed a hybrid inexact optimization approach integrates multistage scenario-based interval-stochastic programming (MSISP), chance-constrained programming (CCP) and fuzzy-stochastic linear programming (FSLP) within a general optimization framework. It can directly incorporated and reflect uncertainties presented as both interval numbers and probability distributions. Using semi-infinite analysis can be incorporated into the modeling framework to deal with infinite α-cuts to the membership functions of fuzzy parameters. This model could be used for water authorities and thus it provides useful decision under various social environmental system conditions.

关键词： Optimized production technology Reservoirs programming Uncertainty Biological system modeling Resource management

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Optical Properties of （100） Preferred Oriented Titanium-Doped Zinc Oxide Thin Films and Their Electron Trapping Phenomena

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材料科学与工程（中英文版） 2010年第11期4卷 1-7页

作者： Leanddas Nurdiwijayanto Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita Engineering Physics Research Groups Laboratory of Material Processing Engineering Physics Study Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung West Java 40134 Indonesia

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Co-processing of grinding sludge as alternative raw material in portland cement clinker production

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Journal of Applied Sciences 2010年第15期10卷 1525-1535页

作者： Punmatharith, T. Rachakornkij, M. Imyim, A. Wecharatana, M. International Postgraduate Program in Environmental Management Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering New Jersey's Science and Technology University Newark NJ 07102-1982 United States

This research aimed to investigate the potential of partial substitution of cement raw meal with grinding sludge as an alternative raw material in Portland cement clinker production. Cement raw mixtures with up to 3% raw mix replacement were put through a burning process in a high-temperature furnace. One reference and three modified mixtures, containing 1, 2 and 3% dry weight of grinding sludge were examined. XRF analysis results showed that CaO, SiO2, A12O3 and Fe2O3 in ordinary cement raw meal were within typical concentration ranges. The grinding sludge had high concentrations of iron, cadmium, chromium and nickel and was consequently classified as a hazardous waste. High Fe2O3 made the grinding sludge a good candidate for alternative raw material. Higher replacement of grinding sludge was found to improve burnability, reduce formation of major of cement compositions (dicalcium silicate, C2S and tricalcium aluminate, C3A), lower in silica and alumina ratios, but promote the formation of tricalcium silicate (C3S) and tetracalcium aluminateferrite (C4AF). Microstructural analysis of the synthesized Portland clinker revealed that the grinding sludge promoted formation of secondary C2S as well as caused color change of C3S. Thai regulatory leaching procedure was performed on the synthesized clinker and mortar samples. The concentrations of heavy metals in the leachate were found below the limits. Moreover, the maximum substitution of grinding sludge was found to be 2% of grinding sludge. Thus, this sludge has potential applications as an alternative raw material in cement production. © 2010 Asian Network for Scientific Information.

关键词： Heavy metals

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National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell education program Part I: Curriculum

National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell education program Part I: Cu...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Blekhman, David Keith, Jason Sleiti, Ahmad Cashman, Eileen Lehman, Peter Engel, Richard Mann, Michael Salehfar, Hossein Power Energy and Transportation Program Department of Technology California State University Los Angeles United States Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Education CSULA United States Department of Chemical Engineering Michigan Technological University United States University of Central Florida United States Department of Environmental Resources Engineering Humboldt State University Faculty Research Associate at SERC United States Schatz Energy Research Center Department of Environmental Resources Engineering Humboldt State University United States Schatz Energy Research Center United States Fulbright Scholar Universidad Don Bosco El Salvador United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of North Dakota Grand Forks United States United States

In 2008, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) made five awards to university programs seeking to develop and expand education programs in Hydrogen and Fuel Cells. The main objective of the DOE program was to train graduates who will "comprise the next generation workforce needed for research, development, and demonstration activities in government, industry, and academia." Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies (HFCT) are considered strong components in the future suite of technologies enabling energy independence and a cleaner environment for stationary and transportation applications. However, HFCT are inherently complex and require contribution from most of the engineering and technology disciplines. At the same time, HFCT topics are rare in university programs and few engineering students receive adequate training. The paper will present the educational efforts and models being developed under this funding. The program is offered through California State University Los Angeles, Humboldt State University, Michigan Technological University, University of North Carolina Charlotte and University of North Dakota. With collaborations, the list of participating colleges is even larger. The authors' intent is to share the wealth of approaches taken to and the challenges and accomplishments of developing HFCT curriculum, which range from designing short modules for existing courses to dedicating majors and minors to the topic. More than twenty courses are modified or developed as part of the activities. As a result, HFCT is introduced to technology and chemical, mechanical, electrical, and environmental engineering majors. The activities undertaken also include outreach to non-major student population and school programs. © American Society for engineering Education, 2010.

关键词： Fuel cells

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National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Education program Part II: Laboratory practicum

National Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Education program Part II: L...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies (HFCT) hold the promise of cleaner transportation and reducing the US reliance on imported fuels. However, their introduction in technical curriculums nationwide is rather slow, while the demand for trained workforce for "research, development, and demonstration activities in government, industry, and academia" is growing. In 2008, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) made five awards to university programs seeking to develop and expand Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Education. The program is offered through California State University Los Angeles, Humboldt State University, Michigan Technological University, University of North Carolina Charlotte and University of North Dakota. The participating universities are actively developing a variety of new curricula or modifications to existing majors. A detailed account of curricular activities is given by the authors in a sister publication1. Recognizing the inherent complexity of the topic and a multitude of new concepts, the HFCT programs are integrating laboratory practicum and projects supporting student learning. Both equipment available on the market and custom-built laboratory units are discussed. Over the recent years, several manufacturers have come forward with HFCT equipment offerings. Equipment's performance, integration into courses and variety of adopted applications at several institutions are being presented in a single publication. In addition, descriptions of several custom experiments addressing specific needs in their respective programs are shared. © American Society for engineering Education, 2010.

关键词： Fuel cells

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Application of electrical resistivity Imaging technique in slope Stability study in banding island, perak

Application of electrical resistivity Imaging technique in s...

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International Conference for Technical Postgraduates 2009, TECHPOS 2009

作者： Ismail, Siti Aishah Ibrahim, Shaharin Ramli, Muhammad Firuz Huat, Bujang Kim Prasad, Arun Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Environmental Study Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781424452231

A landslide investigation using 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) has been undertaken in the Banding Island, Perak. Banding Island is underlain by Baling Formation which consist of two main facies;namely Argillaceous Facie (eastern part) and Arenaceous Facie (western part). The eastern part of the island is relatively prone to landslide and slope failure. Detailed field resistivity imaging was carried on four lines along the eastern and western parts of the Banding Island. The inferred lithological depth sections based on electrical properties clearly differentiates between the different types of rocks.

关键词： Landslides

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Numerical simulation for biosurfactant-enhanced bioremediation process under cold climate and low soil-permeability conditions: A pilot-scale case study

Numerical simulation for biosurfactant-enhanced bioremediati...

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14th Conference on Cold Regions engineering 2009: Cold Regions Impacts on Research, Design, and Construction

作者： Yu, Hui Huang, Guohe Qin, Xiaosheng Environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780784410721

In-situ bioremediation is one of the effective technologies for cleaning up petroleum-contaminated sites. To improve efficiencies of conventional bioremediation processes, biosurfactant treatment has received much attention due to the surface-activity, biodegradability and low toxicity of biosurfactants. In this study, an integrated mathematical modeling system was developed for simulating the biosurfactant-enhanced bioremediation (BEB) processes under typical Canadian site condition. The model included modules of multiphase multicomponent flow and transport, biological degradation, and biosurfactant-enhanced remediation. A pilot-scale physical modeling system, with Rhamnolipid being used as biosurfactant, is designed to simulate the BEB process. The study results demonstrated that the developed mathematical model is effective in examining the coupled effects of biodégradation and biosurfactant-enhancement within a multiphase multicomponent transport framework, and can be used for supporting management of petroleum-contaminated sites under cold climate conditions. Copyright ASCE 2009.

关键词： Bioremediation

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