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Morphological and Anatomical Characterization of Mature Culms of Guadua angustifolia Kunth as a Raw Material for Transformation Processes

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BioResources 2025年第2期20卷 2628-2642页

作者： Muriel, Andres Prieto Henao, Valentina Diaz Arango, Jorge Augusto Montoya Sustainable Wood Processes Engineering Program Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Agroindustry Technological University of Pereira Risaralda PereiraCP 660003 Colombia

The global bamboo market reached USD 70 billion in 2022, and moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is the species with the greatest international impact. Guadua (Guadua angustifolia Kunth) is a promising species, that has been traditionally used for the construction and manufacture of handcrafts in several countries in Central and South America. In this research, progress was made in the morphological and anatomical characterization of mature guadua culms. On average the culms are 21 m in total length and there are 53.2 kg of dry biomass. The culm morphology was characterized throughout its length;the average diameter, wall thickness, and density at breast height are 14.8 cm, 21.5 mm, and 0.595 g/cm3, respectively. The fibers of the vascular bundles of internode number 7 have an average length of 2146 µm, a diameter of 20.4 µm, and a diameter of 8.7 µm wall thickness. The morphological and anatomical characteristics of guadua offer productive and comparative advantages and could be competitive in the bamboo market. The research, technological development, and innovation processes related to this material should be encouraged to promote the guadua industry. © 2025, North Carolina State University. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bamboo

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A Feasibility Study: Magnetic Field Monitoring in Cycled Lead Acid Cells for Stationary Applications

A Feasibility Study: Magnetic Field Monitoring in Cycled Lea...

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2025 IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Applications and Technologies Conference, EESAT 2025

作者： Vasconcelos, Scarleth Singh, Pritpal Lee, Ross Villanova University Sustainable Engineering Program Villanova United States Villanova University Dept of Electrical and Computer Engineering Villanova United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331524852

This research introduces a novel, real-time, non-invasive, non-destructive, and accurate method for battery mon-itoring using magnetic field mapping. This technique detects stratification in flooded Lead Acid Batteries at different states of charge, providing early notification by monitoring variations in hydrogen ion concentration during cycling. The study tracked pH and magnetic field variations across H2SO4 electrolyte specific gravities ranging from 1.07 to 1.33, showing a 17%-20% pH reduction over 12 hours, indicating acid stratification. A proof-of-concept using air-core solenoid coils demonstrated a direct correlation between secondary coil output voltage and H2SO4 concentrations, influenced by the induced magnetic field at the primary coil and electrolyte concentration changes. The optimal AC input frequency for maximizing the induced magnetic field mapping response was identified as 30-33 kHz, depending on the physical properties of the magnetic field inductors. An inverse correlation was also observed between the induced magnetic field and the distance between the coils. This approach offers a promising alternative for lead acid battery monitoring, potentially improving battery management and lifespan. The experimental tests also included monitored variations in secondary coil output voltage in a single flooded lead acid cell during cycling. The preliminary results demonstrated a decrease in the magnetic field during charge and an increase during discharge. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Lead acid batteries

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Development and Driving Verification of Experimental Equipment Considering High-Speed Driving with Active Casters 7th

Development and Driving Verification of Experimental Equipme...

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7th Conference on Microactuators, Microsensors and Micromechanisms, MAMM 2024

作者： Tamura, Yuichiro Ueno, Yuki Master’s Program in Sustainable Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology Tokyo Japan Faculty of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031833564

We have developed an experimental apparatus and confirmed that vibration can be suppressed by applying a caster angle to a caster during high-speed traveling. Public transportation services are declining, especially in highly mountainous areas, causing a reduction in the range of activities and the quality of life. Therefore, micro-mobility is attracting attention. Micro-mobility refers to vehicles that are small and can seat about two people. By applying active-casters to these vehicles, it is expected to improve the range of activities by enabling omnidirectional movement and intuitive operation on narrow roads. The active-caster is effective in terms of durability and vibration reduction because it can move in all directions using normal tires. However, there is concern that the steering axis may oscillate from side to side at short intervals when moving at high speeds with normal tires. Therefore, in this study, we developed an experimental apparatus to verify traveling of the active-caster at high-speed. However, in this case, traveling verification was conducted on a passive caster as a preliminary experiment. As a result, vibration of the steering axis of the caster was confirmed, and it was also confirmed that the caster angle suppressed oscillate at high speed. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Tires

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A Multifunctional Hydrogel with Multimodal Self-Powered Sensing Capability and Stable Direct Current Output for Outdoor Plant Monitoring Systems

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 1-24页

作者： Xinge Guo Luwei Wang Zhenyang Jin Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576Singapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of Singapore5 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117608Singapore NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Research Center for Sustainable Urban Farming(SUrF) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore

Smart farming with outdoor monitoring systems is critical to address food shortages and sustainability *** systems facilitate informed decisions that enhance efficiency in broader environmental *** outdoor systems equipped with energy harvesters and self-powered sensors often struggle with fluctuating energy sources,low durability under harsh conditions,non-transparent or non-biocompatible materials,and complex ***,a multifunctional hydrogel is developed,which can fulfill all the above requirements and build selfsustainable outdoor monitoring systems solely by *** can serve as a stable energy harvester that continuously generates direct current output with an average power density of 1.9 W m^(-3)for nearly 60 days of operation in normal environments(24℃,60%RH),with an energy density of around 1.36×10^(7)J m^(-3).It also shows good self-recoverability in severe environments(45℃,30%RH)in nearly 40 days of continuous ***,this hydrogel enables noninvasive and self-powered monitoring of leaf relative water content,providing critical data on evaluating plant health,previously obtainable only through invasive or high-power consumption *** potential extends to acting as other self-powered environmental *** multifunctional hydrogel enables self-sustainable outdoor systems with scalable and low-cost production,paving the way for future agriculture.

关键词： Self-powered sensor Hydrogel Energy harvester Outdoor farming Self-sustainable IoT

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A Multi-String Photovoltaic Current-Voltage (I-V) Curve Tracer 1

A Multi-String Photovoltaic Current-Voltage (I-V) Curve Trac...

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1st engineering and Science International Conference 2024, ESIC 2024

作者： Rivai, A. Erixno, O. Rahim, N.A. Elias, M.F.M. Jamaludin, J. Ramadhani, F. Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Energy systems engineering program School of Electrical Engineering Telkom University Bandung Indonesia Centre of Excellent Sustainable Energy and Climate Change Telkom university Bandung Indonesia

This paper presents the design and the development of multi-string I-V curve tracer for photovoltaic (PV) strings. It uses a capacitive load and double pole relay to measure the I-V characteristics of a multiple PV strings simultaneously. The prototype is developed using a PIC18F4550 micro-controller and a graphical user interface GUI designed using Microsoft's Visual Studio software. The I-V characteristics of the PV string are displayed on LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and computer. The performance and functionality of the proposed I-V curve tracer have been tested using four PV strings. The experimental test shows that the proposed I-V tracer can measure and display the I-V characteristic of each PV string smoothly in the normal and shading conditions. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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A Feasibility Study: Magnetic Field Monitoring in Cycled Lead Acid Cells for Stationary Applications

A Feasibility Study: Magnetic Field Monitoring in Cycled Lea...

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IEEE Electrical Energy Storage Application and Technologies Conference (EESAT)

作者： Scarleth Vasconcelos Pritpal Singh Ross Lee Sustainable Engineering Program Villanova University Villanova USA Dept of Electrical and Computer Engineering Villanova University Villanova USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331524852

ISBN: (纸本)9798331536411

This research introduces a novel, real-time, non-invasive, non-destructive, and accurate method for battery mon-itoring using magnetic field mapping. This technique detects stratification in flooded Lead Acid Batteries at different states of charge, providing early notification by monitoring variations in hydrogen ion concentration during cycling. The study tracked pH and magnetic field variations across $H_{2}SO_{4}$ electrolyte specific gravities ranging from 1.07 to 1.33, showing a 17%-20% pH reduction over 12 hours, indicating acid stratification. A proof-of-concept using air-core solenoid coils demonstrated a direct correlation between secondary coil output voltage and $H_{2}SO_{4}$ concentrations, influenced by the induced magnetic field at the primary coil and electrolyte concentration changes. The optimal AC input frequency for maximizing the induced magnetic field mapping response was identified as 30–33 kHz, depending on the physical properties of the magnetic field inductors. An inverse correlation was also observed between the induced magnetic field and the distance between the coils. This approach offers a promising alternative for lead acid battery monitoring, potentially improving battery management and lifespan. The experimental tests also included monitored variations in secondary coil output voltage in a single flooded lead acid cell during cycling. The preliminary results demonstrated a decrease in the magnetic field during charge and an increase during discharge.

关键词： Coils Lead acid batteries Correlation Voltage measurement Electrolytes Discharges (electric) Lead compounds Magnetic fields Solenoids Monitoring

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Performance Evaluation of Unpaved Roads Stabilized with Composite Geosynthetic Made of Recycled Plastic Geogrid and Nonwoven Geotextile

Performance Evaluation of Unpaved Roads Stabilized with Comp...

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Geotechnical Frontiers 2025: Foundations, Retaining Structures, and Geosynthetics

作者： Hasheminezhad, Araz Ceylan, Halil Kim, Sunghwan Tutumluer, Erol Dept. of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering Program for Sustainable Pavement Engineering and Research Iowa State Univ. AmesIA United States Institute for Transportation Iowa State Univ. AmesIA United States Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL United States

ISBN: (数字)9780784485972

This paper presents recent findings from an ongoing research study to evaluate the effectiveness of a geosynthetic made from recycled plastic for stabilizing unpaved roads. In the state of Iowa, USA, two full-scale test sections were constructed: one stabilized with a newly developed composite geosynthetic, and the other serving as a control. This innovative geocomposite combines a geogrid made from recycled plastic and a nonwoven geotextile. Following construction, these unpaved test sections were exposed to real traffic loads that included trucks and implements of husbandry (farm equipment). The performance of reinforced unpaved roads was assessed using Lightweight Deflectometer (LWD) tests and field California Bearing Ratio (CBR) data collected using a clegg impact soil tester (CIST). The results indicated that unpaved roads stabilized with the geocomposite significantly reduced permanent deformation during the evaluation period. These findings suggest good potential of the geocomposite for enhancing unpaved road performance, pending further validation through continuous monitoring and evaluation of the test sections over longer periods. © ASCE.

关键词： Soil testing

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Remarkable Effect of Sugar Waste Pyrolysis Oil as a Calcite Collector for Enhanced Phosphate Beneficiation via Reverse Flotation

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ACS sustainable Chemistry and engineering 2025年第18期13卷 6706-6719页

作者： Oulkhir, Anass Lyamlouli, Karim Elfahmy, Hind Benmansour, Mohammed Rida Tayibi, Saida Elalami, Doha Taarji, Noamane Etahiri, Abderrahmane Benhida, Rachid Chemical and Biochemical Sciences - Green Process Engineering Department Mohammed VI Polytechnic University Ben Guerir43150 Morocco Institute of Chemistry Nice UMR7272 Côte d′Azur University French National Center for Scientific Research Nice06108 France College of Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Agrobioscience Program Mohammed VI Polytechnic University Benguerir43150 Morocco Department of Process Engineering Mohammadia School of Engineering Mohammed V University Rabat10090 Morocco

This study evaluates the effectiveness of pyrolysis oils, derived from key waste byproducts of the sugar industry, as collectors in the flotation of calcite, using phosphoric acid (PA) as depressant. The chemical structure of pyrolysis oil collectors (POCs) was analyzed using FTIR, GC-MS, and surface tension measurements, revealing a complex mixture of various molecular groups, including hydroxyl, carboxylic, aromatic, and alkane. The collecting effect of POC in calcite flotation was assessed through microflotation using an experimental setup based on Box-Behnken design (BBD). The findings revealed that, with an air flow rate of 0.9 L/min, a specific consumption of 95-99 mg/g, and a pH 6-7, the recovery rate of calcite achieved 88%. To validate the collector’s performances further, bench-scale flotation experiments revealed an enrichment of phosphate ore to 68.74 and 69.44% Bone Phosphate of Lime (BPL). The comprehensive multimodal characterization revealed distinct topographical changes in the calcite surface morphology, observed via AFM. This was followed by characteristic peak shifts in the Raman spectra, indicative of molecular-level interactions. Concurrently, the zeta potential measurements showed significant decreases to −22.32 and −20.95 mV for both POCs, corresponding to a notable enhancement in surface wettability. As a result, carboxylic acids, hydroxyls, and ester molecules were initially found to bind to Ca2+ sites on the lattice layer of the calcite surface, followed by the coadsorption of aromatics and hydrocarbon chains via hydrophobic interactions. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Sugar industry

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Decarbonizing the Food System with Microbes and Carbon-Neutral Feedstocks

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Annual Review of Food Science and Technology 2025年第1期16卷 81-104页

作者： Mahmud, Niaz Taiwo, Kayode J. Usack, Joseph G. Sustainable Food Systems Engineering Group Department of Food Science and Technology University of Georgia AthensGA United States Food and Nutritional Sciences Program North Carolina A&T State University GreensboroNC United States New Materials Institute University of Georgia AthensGA United States Institute for Integrative and Precision Agriculture University of Georgia AthensGA United States

Harnessing CO2 and CO2-derived C1-C2 compounds for microbial food production can mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and boost sustainability within the food sector. These innovative technologies support carbon neutrality by generating nutrient-rich edible microbial biomass and biocompounds using autotrophic and heterotrophic microbes. However, qualifying microbial food viability and future impacts in the food sector remains challenging due to their diversity, technical complexity, socioeconomic forces, and incipient markets. This review provides an overview of microbial food systems and then delves into the technical interplay among feedstocks, microbes, carbon fixation platforms, bioreactor operations, and downstream processes. The review further explores developing markets for microbial food products, the industrial landscape, economic drivers, and emerging trends in next-generation food products. The analysis suggests a transformative shift in the food industry is underway, yet significant challenges persist, such as securing cost-effective feedstocks, improving downstream processing efficiency, and gaining consumer acceptance. These challenges require innovative solutions and collaborative efforts to ensure the future commercial success of microbial foods - doing so will create myriad opportunities to transform and decarbonize our food system. © 2025 by the author(s).

关键词： Feedstocks

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Framework for Stakeholder-Driven Socio-Hydrological Modeling: Conceptual Foundations for Policy Development and Evaluation to Improve Ecosystem Health 28th

Framework for Stakeholder-Driven Socio-Hydrological Modeling...

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28th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources, River and Coastal engineering, HYDRO 2023

作者： Tapas, Mahesh R. Etheridge, Randall Howard, Gregory Mair, Matthew Integrated Coastal Program Life Sciences and Biotechnology Building East Carolina University GreenvilleNC27858 United States Center for Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Department of Engineering East Carolina University GreenvilleNC27858 United States Department of Economics East Carolina University GreenvilleNC27858 United States Department of Economics Appalachian State University BooneNC28608 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789819774739

In this study, we propose a concise framework that integrates stakeholder insights, specifically from farmers, into hydrological modeling (Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus, SWAT + ), to enhance the efficacy of potential watershed management policies. By incorporating farmers’ behavioral responses to policy changes within the SWAT + model, we bridge the gap between econometric and hydrological modeling. This interdisciplinary approach captures the dynamic interactions between stakeholders and ecosystem health, offering a novel perspective on environmental management. Our methodology includes surveys to gauge farmers’ reactions to policy changes and quantify the adoption of agricultural best management practices, forecasting the impact of policy changes on land management and subsequent impacts on ecosystem health. This integration facilitates a more realistic representation of socio-environmental systems, underscoring the importance of aligning policy interventions with the practical realities faced by those directly impacting and interacting with the ecosystems. Through this framework, we propose a pathway towards more effective and sustainable environmental policies, emphasizing the critical role of incorporating stakeholder perspectives into model development and decision-making processes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Abiotic

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