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Educating tomorrow's water professionals

Water Environment and Technology 2004年第9期16卷 86-92页

作者： Mihelcic, James R. Department of Civil Engineering Michigan Technological University Houghton Master's International Program Sustainable Futures Institute

A unique master's degree program offered by the Department of Civil and Environmental engineering at Michigan Technological University is discussed. The university has teamed up with the US Peace Corps to offer the program where students work as water and sanitation engineers. The program gives engineering students the tools they need to work both at home and abroad. The program trains students not only in the application of sustainable and appropriate technologies but also to value service to the global community.

关键词： Water treatment

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THE ENERGY SAVINGS POTENTIAL OF OPTIMIZED SLAB-ON-GRADE FOUNDATION INSUL .ATION RETROFITS

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第3期10卷 116-136页

作者： Louise F.Goldberg Garrett Mosiman Energy Systems Design Program University of Minnesota Lofrango Engineering Center for Sustainable Building Research University of Minnesota

A recently developed 3-dimensional earth contact simulation program that operates as a subroutine of the EnergyPlus whole building energy simulation program was used to evaluate the energy performance and cost-effectiveness of retrofit slab-on-grade(SOG)foundation *** optimized retrofit insulation design utiliz-ing hydro-vacuum excavation was developed that generated 8.4%larger metered(or site)energy savings at a$428 lower cost than the IECC 2012 requirement in a Minneapolis,MN climate for a 400 ft2 test *** energy performance and cost effectiveness of single and multi-family buildings was assessed for climate Zones 4–*** reference to the Building America B10 benchmark,the highest site energy savings of 5%was realized for a single family home in Duluth,MN,and the lowest savings of 1.4%for a 4-unit townhouse in Richmond,*** foundation insulation retrofit simple paybacks ranged from 18 to 47 *** it is likely that larger energy savings of 10%or more with concomitantly reduced simple paybacks can only be realized in well-insulated buildings.

关键词： slab-on-grade insulation energy cost

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Emergent dimer-model topological order and quasi-particle excitations in liquid crystals: combinatorial vortex lattices

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Meng, Cuiling Wu, Jin-Sheng Kos, Žiga Dunkel, Jörn Nisoli, Cristiano Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Faculty of Mathematics and Physics University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Department of Condensed Matter Physics Jožef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia Theoretical Division Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems Center For Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the concept of topological phases and topological order has been introduced in the context of spin liquids to investigate emergent phenomena like quantum Hall effects and high-temperature superconductivity. Here, we bridge these two seemingly disparate perspectives on topology in physics. Combining experiments and simulations, we show how topological defects in liquid crystals can be used as versatile building blocks to create complex, highly degenerate topological phases, which we refer to as ‘Combinatorial Vortex Lattices’ (CVLs). CVLs exhibit extensive residual entropy and support locally stable quasi-particle excitations in the form of charge-conserving topological monopoles, which can act as mobile information carriers and be linked via Dirac strings. CLVs can be rewritten and reconfigured on demand, endowed with various symmetries, and modified through laser-induced topological surgery — an essential capability for information storage and retrieval. We demonstrate experimentally the realization, stability, and precise optical manipulation of CVLs, thus opening new avenues for understanding and technologically exploiting higher-hierarchy topology in liquid crystals and other ordered media. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser surgery

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Traffic noise assessment in urban Bulgaria using explainable machine learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Helbich, Marco Hagenauer, Julian Burov, Angel Dzhambov, Angel M. Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning Faculty of Geosciences Utrecht University Utrecht Netherlands Health and Quality of Life in a Green and Sustainable Environment Research Group Strategic Research and Innovation Program for the Development of MU – Plovdiv Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria Environmental Health Division Research Institute Medical University of Plovdiv Medical University of Plovdiv Plovdiv Bulgaria Department of Urban Planning Faculty of Architecture University of Architecture Civil Engineering and Geodesy Sofia Bulgaria

Fine-grained noise maps are vital for epidemiological studies on traffic noise. However, detailed information on traffic noise is often limited, especially in Eastern Europe. Rigid linear noise land-use regressions are typically employed to estimate noise levels;however, machine learning likely offers more accurate noise predictions. We innovated by comparing the predictive accuracies of supervised machine learning models to estimate traffic noise levels across the five largest Bulgarian cities. In situ A-weighted equivalent continuous sound levels were obtained from 232 fixed-site monitors across these cities. We included transport- and land-use-related predictors using 50-1,000 m buffers. Extreme gradient boosting (XGB) had the highest ten-fold cross-validated fit (R2=0.680) and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE=4.739), insignificantly besting the random forest-based model (R2=0.667, RMSE=4.895). Support vector regression (R2=0.633, RMSE=5.358), elastic net (R2=0.568, RMSE=5.625), and linear regression (R2=0.548, RMSE=5.569) performed significantly worse. Shapley values for the XGB showed that the length of major roads within 100 m buffers, footways within 50 m buffers, residential roads within 50 m buffers, and the number of buildings within 50 m buffers were important non-linear predictors. Our spatially resolved noise maps revealed striking geographic noise variations and that, on average, 96.8% of the urban population experiences harmful noise levels. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Decision trees

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Integrated Capture and Electroreduction of Low-Concentration CO2 to CO Using Geopolymer|Graphene-Cobalt Phthalocyanine Composite

Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research

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Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research 2025年

作者： De Guzman, Eunice Estrella Wang, Tzu-Hsuan Promentilla, Michael Angelo B. Lin, Chia-Yu Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City70101 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila022 Philippines Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Key Materials & Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

Green electricity-driven electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (e-CO2RR) has emerged as a promising approach to upcycle CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels, paving the way for a carbon-neutral economy. The success of such a device relies on the development of cost-effective catalysts that can efficiently and selectively catalyze e-CO2RR. In the present contribution, the high activity and selectivity of graphene-supported CoPc (graphene-CoPc) are demonstrated toward CO generation from e-CO2RR by encapsulating graphene|CoPc into Perlite–Metakaolin-based geopolymer (geopolymer|graphene-CoPc). The high electric conductivity (3.52 ± 0.4 S m−1) and CO2 adsorption capability (0.16 mmol CO2 g−1) of the geopolymer matrix, obtained through the systematic investigation and optimization of synthetic conditions, facilitate the charge transfer and provide high local CO2 concentration. Consequently, this significantly enhancing both turnover frequency (2.3 ± 0.3 s−1) and Faradaic efficiency (93.7 ± 3.1%) of geopolymer|graphene-CoPc for CO production from the low-concentration CO2 (≈40%) in simulated biogas atmosphere at a low η of 0.69 V as compared to the pristine graphene-CoPc (turnover frequency: 1.37 ± 0.1 s−1 and Faradic efficiency: 46.3 ± 2.0%). © 2025 The Author(s). Advanced Energy and Sustainability Research published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Electrolytic reduction

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A Numerical Study of Solar-Pumped Lasers with Multiple Compound Parabolic Concentrators with Length Extension

A Numerical Study of Solar-Pumped Lasers with Multiple Compo...

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11th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Applications, ISCIIA 2024

作者： Yamada, Ryota Ohkubo, Tomomasa Lou, Haochen Munakata, Hirozumi Matsunaga, Ei-Ichi Sato, Yuji Sustainable Engineering Program Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology 1404-1 Katakura Tokyo Hachioji192-0982 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Technology 1404-1 Katakura Tokyo Hachioji192-0982 Japan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Osaka Ibaraki567-0047 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819647521

In solar-pumped lasers, the conversion efficiency is declining due to the concentration of heat in the laser medium. To solve this problem, a multiple compound parabolic concentrator (MCPC) cavity was proposed to prevent concentration in the previous study. However, extending that cavity length has not been considered. In this study, we investigated the possibility of improving conversion efficiency and dispersing heat by extending the length of the solar cavity and the laser medium. We discussed the absorption density distribution of solar power into the laser medium. As a result, the dispersion of absorption power density of the MCPC cavity was about 40.8–44.7% compared to the Cone type, which is the traditional solar cavity for solar-pumped lasers. Therefore, it is possible to extend the length of both the cavity and the laser medium while maintaining the uniformity effect of the MCPC type of solar cavity, and the conversion efficiency is expected to be improved. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Optical pumping

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SUSTAINABILITY LEADERSHIP FOR THE ENERGY TRANSITION: A CASE STUDY OF ROLE-PLAYING TO ENHANCE AUTHENTIC LEARNING 51

SUSTAINABILITY LEADERSHIP FOR THE ENERGY TRANSITION: A CASE ...

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51st Annual Conference of the European Society for engineering Education, SEFI 2023

作者： Heynen, A.P. Tonkes, E.J. Sustainable Energy Program School of Chemical Engineering The University of Queensland Brisbane Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9782873520267

To lead the energy transition, effective sustainability leadership requires a spectrum of skills, knowledge and understanding across technical, financial and even political disciplines. An innovative, authentic learning initiative has been designed and implemented in which Master of sustainable Energy students conducted team-based role-playing activities, responding to a realistic, hypothetical energy policy scenario in the form of a government announcement and other mock collateral. Groups were assigned the personas of a range of industry stakeholders and prepared presentations (and accompanying media statements and position papers) for a mock online media conference. The initiative leveraged the diversity of the cohort, enabling constructive interactions and an appreciation of the impacts of energy policy on a variety of organisations and wider society. Entry and exit surveys affirmed that participants gained a deeper understanding of key issues, constraints, alternative views and approaches involved in navigating the policy pathways to sustainability. The teaching staff also observed a high level of student engagement. Challenges of group dynamics and teaching effort were felt to be outweighed by the benefits reaped by students, particularly in terms of deeper conceptual knowledge and an understanding of perspectives in the energy transition. The case study also found that the online nature of the media conference enhanced student innovation and engagement. The framework of the case study may nudge other educators towards greater use of role-playing activities in sustainability leadership pedagogy. © 2023 SEFI 2023 - 51st Annual Conference of the European Society for engineering Education: engineering Education for Sustainability, Proceedings. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： sustainable development

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Dynamic assembly and biocatalysis-selected gelation endow self-compartmentalized multienzyme superactivity

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第10期65卷 1985-1993页

作者： Yue Liao Xia Wang Hongdou Shen Ziyang Tai Qigang Wang School of Chemical Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China United Nations Environment Program-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Cellular metabolism in multiple organelles utilizes compartmentalized multienzyme efficient catalysis to realize substance metabolism, energy conversion and immune defenses. The convenient and biomimetic design of artificial multienzymes has become an emerging research topic. Herein, we employ a facile enzyme-initiated radical polymerization to self-anchor multienzyme in cell-like hydrogels with mesoscale compartments. The dynamic assembly of glucose oxidase/cytochrome c(GOx/Cyt c) with methacrylate-modified hyaluronic acid can form nanoaggregates, where only the bound enzyme pairs with the adjacent position can catalyze the polymerization to compartmentalize multienzymes within hydrogel. Consequently, the cascade enzymes within hydrogel display 33.9 times higher activity compared to free enzymes, as well as excellent thermostability and multiple recyclability. The mechanism study indicates that the compartmental effect of the hydrogel and the anchoring effect of Cyt c synergistically enhance GOx/Cyt c activity. According to the density functional theory(DFT) calculation, Cyt c activity increment originates from its ligand changes of Fe(Ⅲ) porphyrin, which has a smaller energy barrier of the catalytic *** study provides a promising strategy for autonomous colocalization of multienzyme in biocompatible hydrogels which can be potentially applied in cascade enzyme induced catalysis applications.

关键词： hydrogel cascade enzyme enzymatic polymerization compartmentalization superactivity

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Mixing of powders inside a cyclic shear mixing device: A parametric analysis

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Journal of engineering Science and Technology Review 2019年第4期12卷 1-6页

作者： Obregón, Luis Guillermo Valencia, Guillermo Eliecer Forero, Jorge Duarte Research Group on Sustainable Chemical and Biochemical Processes Chemical Engineering Program Universidad del Atlántico Barranquilla Colombia Efficient Energy Management Research Group Mechanical Engineering Program Universidad del Atlántico Barranquilla Colombia

Although the mixture of powders in recent years has been studied with great progress, there are still a lot of parameters to consider that make it difficult to have a complete understanding. In this work, powder mixing was studied inside a simple shear mixing device consisting of a small container with two moving walls and three static walls. The aim is to obtain a basic knowledge of the internal behavior of granular materials in the surface and the height direction of the device as a function of the particle size, filling level and disturbance of the wall velocity. Results reveal that on the surface of the cavity when velocities of the moving wall are about 9 cm/s two zones are created, a high-speed zone and a low-speed zone. The width of the high-speed zone of flow is approximately 9 to 11 times the average particle size. A difference in density of 0.1 g/cm3 has no significant effect on the movement of the particles from the bottom to the top. Reasons point out to the high shear stress applied by the moving walls. © 2019 School of Science, IHU.

关键词： Particle size

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Bioprospecting microalgal strains cultivated using bicarbonate under a pH-regulated regime for enhanced carbon capture and utilization

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Algal Research 2025年 89卷

作者： Latagan, Mary Joy D. Nagarajan, Dillirani Chen, Jih-Heng Huang, Wei-Ming Chen, Chun-Yen Pacquiao, Melvin R. de Luna, Mark Daniel G. Rollon, Analiza P. Chang, Jo-Shu Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Energy Engineering Program National Graduate School of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology College of Hydrosphere Science National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City 811532 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Environmental Engineering Program National Graduate School of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Chung-Li Taiwan Department of Life Science National Chung Hsin University Taichung 402202 Taiwan Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture National Chung Hsin University Taichung 402202 Taiwan

Microalgae offers significant potential as a sustainable resource for biofuel production. However, an inefficient supply of gaseous CO2 can lead to carbon limitation due to poor mass transfer efficiency, which poses a... 详细信息

Microalgae offers significant potential as a sustainable resource for biofuel production. However, an inefficient supply of gaseous CO₂ can lead to carbon limitation due to poor mass transfer efficiency, which poses a significant challenge in large-scale microalgal cultures. This study investigates pH-stat bicarbonate-based cultivation of various microalgal strains aimed at carbohydrate and lipid production. Four green algal strains were assessed for their capability to utilize bicarbonate ions as their inorganic carbon source for photosynthesis. Among the strains, Chlamydomonas sp. JSC4 attained the highest biomass concentration (1.05 ± 0.05 g/L), biomass productivity (242 mg/L/day), lipid content (42.7 ± 0.85 %), and carbohydrate content (39.16 ± 0.09 %) under conditions of 50 mM KHCO₃, pH 8, and 7 days of cultivation. The biomass productivity attained in this study is higher than those in the reported literature. The predicted biodiesel quality for all strains met the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 specifications. Increasing the bicarbonate concentration to 100 mM and employing a fed-batch mode elevated the biomass to 1.45 ± 0.32 g/L, carbohydrate accumulation to 58.25 ± 1.28 % DCW, and carbon fixation efficiency to 63.8 ± 3.23 %, which is significantly higher than that of the control cultivated with CO₂ supply (0.30 ± 0.04 %). This study highlights the potential of bicarbonate ion supplementation as an effective strategy for maximal biomass production with high productivity and biomolecule accumulation, aiding in the realization of cost-effective microalgal biofuel production. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Bicarbonate Biofuel Carbohydrate Chlamydomonas Microalgae pH-stat culture

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