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Water management and conductivity studies in novel polymer zirconium-based membranes for PEM fuel cells

Case Studies in Chemical and environmental Engineering 2025年 11.0卷

作者： Ahmed, Tallah Magdi Al Othman, Amani Shamayleh, Abdulrahim Tawalbeh, Muhammad Engineering Systems Management Graduate Program American University of Sharjah PO. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering American University of Sharjah PO. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Energy Water and Sustainable Environment Research Center American University of Sharjah PO. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Industrial Engineering American University of Sharjah PO. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of Sharjah PO. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are among the promising alternatives for clean energy generation, especially when hydrogen is the fuel used. Their operation is still faced with several challenges, and one of them is water accumulation in the cathode compartment. If PEMFCs are operated at temperatures above the boiling point of water, a significant obstacle would be eliminated due to the formation of water in the vapor phase. This prevents water from accumulating in the liquid phase which causes flooding. Therefore, this work aims to develop a novel composite membrane based on zirconium silicate (ZrSiO₄) and Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) for such high-temperature operation. The composite membrane was synthesized using solution casting, and its structural and chemical properties were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The ZrSiO₄/PVDF membrane demonstrated a maximum proton conductivity of 2.14 × 10⁻³ S/cm at room temperature with 8 wt% ZrSiO₄, along with a water uptake value of 43.85 %. Consequently, when tested above the boiling point of water, the membrane exhibited a high conductivity of 2.13 × 10⁻³ S/cm at 105 °C. The results suggest the suitability of such zirconium silicate-based composite membranes for fuel cell applications operating above the boiling point of water. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Composite membranes PEM fuel cells Proton conduction PVDF Water management Zirconium silicate

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Modal analysis under jittering and kernel clock distribution: single-output identification

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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Smart Infrastructure and Construction 2023年第4期177卷 224-235页

作者： Ramadan, Wasim Ozer, Ekin Sustainable Environment and Energy Systems Program Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus Turkey School of Civil Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

Smartphones have attracted attention in the structural health monitoring community due to their embedded multisensory platforms suitable for crowdsourcing innovation. Despite their advantages, smartphone sensors are originally designed for user utility rather than technical engineering applications (e.g. vibration analysis and modal identification). Sampling jitter is among those problems adversely influencing smartphone performance as a scientific device that can be used for characterising civil infrastructure dynamic characteristics. With inconsistencies in the sampling period due to jitter effects, the identified modal frequencies of a structure can deviate from the actual value, which is artificially introduced by smartphone clock errors. In this study, the authors formulate the statistical characteristics of the smartphone sampling period through kernel distribution and apply a digital reconstruction remedy to the sampling jitter problem. Through introductory simulations of a sine wave and physical implementations through shaking table tests equipped with smartphones, the efficiency of kernel distribution diagnosis and the signal-reconstruction remedy is presented. Following the simulation and laboratory applications, the proposed techniques are applied to vibration monitoring of a steel pedestrian bridge in terms of the auto power spectral density and short-time Fourier transform of single-output signals. The results show successful rehabilitation of accelerometer data from smartphones, removing jitter-induced errors to a significant extent and accordingly improving the identification accuracy currently in a single-output setting. © 2023 Emerald Publishing Limited: All rights reserved.

关键词： Vibration analysis

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The Value of Local Farms for Insect Conservation: Local Teaching Opportunities

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American Entomologist 2020年第3期66卷 20-22页

作者： Degasparro, Sherri L. Namayandeh, Armin Beresford, David V. Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program Trent University Peterborough ON Canada Department of Biology Trent School of the Environment (Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems) Trent University Peterborough ON Canada

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Evaluating Urban Runoff in a Catchment of Güzelyurt: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional and LID Approaches 15th

Evaluating Urban Runoff in a Catchment of Güzelyurt: A Comp...

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15th International Congress on Advances in Civil Engineering, ACE 2023

作者： Baig, Mirza Mohammed Abdul Basith Akıntuğ, Bertuğ Sustainable Environment and Energy Systems Graduate Program Middle East Technical University Kalkanlı Güzelyurt99738 Turkey Civil Engineering Program Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus Kalkanlı Mersin 10 Güzelyurt99738 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9789819717804

Global warming and climate change have become pressing environmental challenges, primarily caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These activities release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, disrupting the natural balance of radiation and leading to rising global temperatures. The consequences of global warming include more frequent and severe heatwaves, changes in precipitation patterns, and increased risks of urban flooding. This research focuses on sustainable stormwater management as a strategy to mitigate urban flooding and adapt to climate change. The study area is the city of Güzelyurt in Northern Cyprus, characterized by a flat topography and limited stormwater infrastructure. The existing stormwater network is insufficient and prone to failures during rainfall events. The research compares the effectiveness and efficiency of two approaches: a traditional approach that involves resizing conduits, and a sustainable approach that implements Low-Impact Development (LID) strategies. LID strategies aim to mimic natural hydrological processes and include measures such as green infrastructure, permeable pavements, rainwater harvesting systems, and vegetative swales. By implementing these strategies, stormwater runoff can be controlled, mitigating the risk of flooding, improving water quality, promoting groundwater recharge, and reducing the demand for freshwater resources. The study utilizes the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) software to design the existing stormwater management network and simulate different scenarios. Through the evaluation of performance and analysis of results, the research results demonstrate that the implementation of LID strategies effectively doubled the existing rainfall handling capacity of the stormwater drainage system from 20 mm/h to 40 mm/h. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Deforestation

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Copper single atoms/atomic clusters modified electrocatalytic membrane for antibiotic removal and membrane fouling control via electro-Fenton reactions

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 515卷

作者： Zhang, Zixin Huang, Guohe Li, Yongping Yao, Yao Chen, Xiujuan Zhang, Yuanzheng Luo, Yifei Zhao, Kai State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability China-Canada Center for Energy Environment and Ecology Research UR-BNU School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Environmental Systems Engineering Program University of Regina ReginaSKS4S 0A2 Canada Institute for Energy Environment and Sustainable Communities University of Regina ReginaS4S 0A2 Canada Department of Civil Engineering The University of Texas at Arlington ArlingtonTX United States College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

Low-pressure membrane filtration is an important technology for water treatment but suffers from the inefficient removal of low-molecular-weight pollutants (such as antibiotics) and severe membrane fouling. Herein, an electrocatalytic membrane (CuSAs/ACs-NC/CMM) modified with the catalyst containing Cu single atoms (SAs) and atomic clusters (ACs) composite active sites was prepared for the removal of tetracycline (TC) and the control of membrane fouling. Cu ACs synergistically interacted with Cu SAs, enabling a high-efficiency electro-Fenton process. In addition to serving as the main active site for the in-situ generation of H2O2, Cu ACs could also induce the charge rearrangement of Cu SAs, thus reducing the energy barrier of H2O2 activation into ·OH at the Cu SAs site. CuSAs/ACs-NC/CMM produced ·OH through a sequential reaction of H2O2 generation and activation to oxidize pollutants. At a low voltage of −2.5 V, CuSAs/ACs-NC/CMM delivered excellent TC removal kinetics (0.0181 min−1) and removal ratio (90.0 %), and effectively reduced the membrane fouling caused by the mixture of humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and sodium alginate (SA). CuSAs/ACs-NC/CMM also performed well under actual water conditions. This work proposes a strategy for developing electrocatalytic membranes using catalysts with multiple atomic-level active sites, promoting the development and application of advanced membranes in water treatment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Membrane fouling

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A Feasibility Assessment of Utilizing Concentrated Solar Power (Csp) in the Zimbabwean Regions of Hwange and Lupane

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Mutume, Bruce Sustainable Environment & Energy Systems Program Middle East Technical University North Cyprus Turkey

Study assesses the feasibility of the Hwange-Lupane regions of Zimbabwe to host a large-scale Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) facility. The study performed a techno-economic analysis to meet the objectives of the study. However, considering that CSP technologies are currently costly, errors in determining a suitable site can lead to substantial economic penalties. The study combines the Geographic Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) type of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) to locate the suitable site. After applying the GIS-AHP combination, land available for concentrating solar power in Hwange and Lupane is 1 792 km2 (5.6% of the study area) and 3 771 km2 (11.9% of the study area), respectively. A Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) was used to estimate the technical power potential. The theoretical power potential for the suitable location in Hwange and Lupane ranges from 529 TWh/year to 696 TWh/year and 1 207 TWh/year to 1 613 TWh/year, respectively. The System Advisor Model (SAM) is used to evaluate the economic potential of a CSP facility with/without a Thermal energy Storage (TES). The Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) for the CSP plant without TES and with TES is 0.1879 $/kWh, and 0.1468 $/kWh, respectively. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Analytic hierarchy process

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RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR DORMITORIES OF METUNORTHERN CYPRUS CAMPUS

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR DORMITORIES OF METUNORTHERN ...

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Seventeenth International Water Technology Conference(IWTC17)

作者： M.J.S.Zuberi M.A.A.Khan B.Akτntug Sustainable Environment & Energy Systems Graduate Program Middle East Technical University-Northern Cyprus Campus Güzelyurt Mersin 10 Turkey

Water scarcity in the Mediterranean islands has become an important issue to be addressed due to inadequate water supplies and low precipitation in the region. Rainwater harvesting system（RWHS） is one of the promising solutions to overcome the water shortage which not only conserves water resources but also reduces the overall carbon foot print of water collection and distribution cycle. This paper presents the theoretical potential of rainfall in Northern Cyprus for constructing a Rainwater Harvesting System for the dormitories of Middle East Technical University – Northern Cyprus Campus. Instead of introducing RWHS in each of the three dormitories ineffectively, it is found to be realistic for non-potable uses in only one dormitory with an overall collected volume of 2831 m3 and a volumetric reliability of 3%. The results of this study provide an opportunity for water scarce regions to use their limited resources in an efficient manner.

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Comprehensive technical analysis of post-combustion carbon capture and storage based on monoethanolamine absorption for petrochemical industry in Indonesia

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Clean energy 2024年第6期8卷 16-36页

作者： Muh Asyrofi Rahma Muthia Mohammad Akita Indianto Energy Systems Engineering Graduate Program Department of Interdisciplinary EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaKampus Baru UI DepokDepokWest Java 16424Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaKampus Baru UI DepokDepokWest Java 16424Indonesia Sustainable Energy Systems and Policy Research Cluster Universitas IndonesiaKampus Baru UI DepokDepokWest Java 16424Indonesia Tropical Renewable Energy Center Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaKampus Baru UI DepokDepokWest Java 16424Indonesia

The implementation of carbon capture and storage in the petrochemical industry is one of the means of *** research focuses on a comprehensive technical analysis of the deployment of post-combustion carbon capture and storage based on monoethanolamine absorption in the petrochemical *** olefin complex petrochemical industry in Tuban,Indonesia,is the basis for the analysis,which includes a steam cracker,polyethylene,polypropylene,and raw pyrolysis gasoline hydrotreating units,with capacities of 1000,940,600,and 570 kilotons/year,*** total energy consumption is about 16024.53 GJ/h,and the CO_(2) emissions are about 1.6 megatons/*** on these plant systems,comprehensive technical analyses of the implementation of carbon capture and storage in that industry were performed using Aspen HYSYS®simulation *** analysis was carried out to determine the total CO_(2) captured,energy intensity,monoethanolamine consumption,and net CO_(2) captured in various scenarios based on the number of absorber column stages,absorption pressure,and desorption *** CO_(2) storage site is about 100 km away and is transported by an onshore pipeline with a supercritical phase of CO_(2).The optimal net CO_(2) capture value is achieved by setting up a 50-stage absorber column with a pressure of 1 barg and a temperature of 110℃ at the top of the desorber column,resulting in a CO_(2) capture yield of 86.4%and an energy intensity of 12.6 GJ/ton CO_(2).Under these conditions,the net CO_(2) captured in the scenario based on gas power plants’electricity is 0.225 megatons/year,while in the scenario based on gas power plants incorporating 30%biomass electricity,it is 0.544 megatons/*** increased use of renewable energy in carbon capture and storage facilities,more net CO_(2) is *** study can be applied to various cases of post-combustion carbon capture and storage implementation in the industrial sector,especially in the

关键词： carbon capture and storage petrochemical olefin monoethanolamine absorption pipeline injection energy intensity net captured CO_(2)

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Estimating the effect of chirality and size on the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes through finite element modelling 12

Estimating the effect of chirality and size on the mechanica...

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ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering systems Design and Analysis, ESDA 2014

作者： Zuberi, Muhammad Jibran Shahzad Esat, Volkan Sustainable Environment and Energy Systems Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus Kalkanli Guzelyurt Mersin10 Turkey Mechanical Engineering Program Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus Kalkanli Guzelyurt Mersin10 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9780791845837

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered to be one of the contemporary materials exhibiting superior mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. A new generation state-of-theart composite material, carbon nanotube reinforced polymer (CNTRP), utilizes carbon nanotubes as the reinforcing fibre element. CNTRPs are highly promising composite materials possessing the potential to be used in various areas such as automotive, aerospace, defence, and energy sectors. The CNTRP composite owes its frontline mechanical material properties mainly to the improvement provided by the CNT filler. There are challenging issues regarding CNTRPs such as determination of material properties, and effect of chirality and size on the mechanical material properties of carbon nanotube fibres, which warrant development of computational models. Along with the difficulties associated with experimentation on CNTs, there is paucity in the literature on the effects of chirality and size on the mechanical properties of CNTs. Insight into the aforementioned issues may be brought through computational modelling time- and cost-effectively when compared to experimentation. This study aims to investigate the effect of chirality and size of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on its mechanical material properties so that their contribution to the mechanical properties of CNTRP composite may be understood more clearly. Nonlinear finite element models based on molecular mechanics using various element types substituting C-C bond are generated to develop zigzag, armchair and chiral SWNTs over a range of diameters. The predictions collected from simulations are compared to the experimental and computational studies available in the literature. Copyright © 2014 by ASME.

关键词： Finite element method

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Prediction of Daily Solar Irradiation Using CNN and LSTM Networks 14th

Prediction of Daily Solar Irradiation Using CNN and LSTM Net...

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14th International Conference on Applications of Fuzzy systems, Soft Computing, and Artificial Intelligence Tools, ICAFS 2020

作者： Vakitbilir, Nuray Hilal, Adnan Direkoğlu, Cem Sustainable Environment and Energy Systems Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus Mersin 1099738 Turkey Electric and Electronics Engineering Program Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus Kalkanlı Mersin 1099738 Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9783030640576

Greenhouse gas emissions from conventional energy sources are accelerating the global warming. To alleviate this issue, countries are focusing on renewable energy sources, especially solar enery, to meet the increasing energy demand. Forecasting solar irradiation on different time-horizons is crucial for the integration of the solar energy to the existing or future electricity grids. In this paper, we focus on solar irradiation prediction, and present performances of two different methods for Kalkanlı region of Cyprus. We use a one-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN) and a Long-Short Term Memory netwok (LSTM) separately for prediction. In particular, 1D-CNN and LSTM networks are employed with two different time-series input datasets to predict one-day ahead global horizontal irradiation (GHI) for Cyprus. Performances of the networks are evaluated and compared. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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