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AIAA Space 2007 Conference

作者： Blaha, George A. Pendergraft, Thomas C. Riley, Frederic A. Raytheon Company Integrated Defense Systems Arlington VA 22202 United States System Architecture Design and Integration Directorate Strategic Concepts and Initiatives

ISBN: (纸本)1563479079

The concept of using space-based interceptors to defend the United States and its allies from ballistic missile attack has been explored since the 1960s. Significant progress toward the deployment of such a system was made during the late 1980s and early 1990s, but development was abandoned for political reasons. Since then, the United States Missile Defense Agency has deployed an operational ballistic missile defense system consisting of land and sea-based elements capable of negating offensive ballistic missiles in their mid-course and terminal phases of flight. However, the continued growth in the number of hostile nations seeking ballistic missiles and the proliferation of missile technology has once again highlighted the need for boost-phase defense. Terrestrial boost-phase defense systems are currently under development, but the greatest potential for effective boost-phase defense lies in space, where interceptors would enjoy persistent and survivable basing close to offensive missile launch sites. This paper explores the foundations of providing a space-based layer to the United States ballistic missile defense system to complement the currently-deployed ground and sea-based elements. The architecture design problem is introduced by examining the allocation of system functions to space-based platforms, exploring architecture options, and suggesting appropriate measures of system effectiveness.

关键词： Space applications

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A special case of DOAV estimation in white Gaussian noise

A special case of DOAV estimation in white Gaussian noise

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2008 IEEE Military Communications Conference, MILCOM 2008 - Assuring Mission Success

作者： Montlouis, W. WEMSS Lab. Cambridge MA 02140 United States System Architecture Design and Integration Directorate Raytheon Company Sudbury MA United States Northeastern University Boston MA 02115 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424426775

Estimating the location of a point source at the output of an array system can be challenging, especially when one needs to make the tradeoff between accuracy and computational complexity. Using a rectangular array, the most widely studied parameter estimation problem is the azimuth and elevation only case. Even in this two parameter case, it usually requires a two-dimensional search in order to obtain the desired information. The problem formulated in this paper is a four parameter estimation problem of significant importance. To accomplish this, the movement of the point source is modeled in a small window of observation to generate the azimuth, elevation and angular velocities. Often it is easier to develop an algorithm for the Uniformly Distributed Linear Array (ULA) case due to the well-behaved properties of this linear array structure. This paper presents a new search free approach to simultaneously estimate azimuth, elevation angles and respective angular Velocities (DOAV) of moving sources using a rectangular array of antennas. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Gaussian noise (electronic)

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Electroencephalogram (EEG) based authentication leveraging visual evoked potentials (VEP) resulting from exposure to emotionally significant images

Electroencephalogram (EEG) based authentication leveraging v...

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IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security

作者： Ricardo J. Rodriguez System Architecture Design and Integration Directorate Raytheon - Integrated Defense Systems Sudbury United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509007714

Encephalogram (EEG) devices are one of the active research areas in human-computer interaction (HCI). They provide a unique brain-machine interface (BMI) for interacting with a growing number of applications. EEG devices interface with computational systems requiring access control. These controls rely on a number of authenticators, including “what you know”, “what you have”, and “what you are”. The “what you are” authenticator, formally known as a biometrics authenticator, is increasingly gaining acceptance. An emerging approach in physiological biometrics is cognitive biometrics, which measures brain's response to stimuli. These stimuli can be measured by a number of devices, including EEG systems. This work shows an approach to authenticate users interacting with their computational devices through the use of EEG devices. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using a unique hard-to-forge trait as an absolute biometrics authenticator by exploiting the signals generated by different areas of the brain when exposed to visual stimuli. The outcome of this research highlights the importance of the prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes to capture unique responses to images that trigger emotional responses. Additionally, the utilization of logarithmic band power processing combined with LDA as the machine learning algorithm provides higher accuracy when compared against common spatial patterns or windowed means processing in combination with GMM and SVM machine learning algorithms.

关键词： Electroencephalography Feature extraction Iris recognition Biological system modeling Brain modeling Access control

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A system for the Measurement of the Amazon

A System for the Measurement of the Amazon

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IEEE National Conference on Radar

作者： Paul B. Ferraro Mark Bauersachs John Burns Gary Bataller Analysis and Integration Directorate (SADID) System Architecture Design Analysis and Integration Directorate (SADID) Raytheon's Integrated Defense Systems (IDS) Raytheon Company

The system for the Vigilance of the Amazon (SIVAM) is a $1.4 billion dollar project of Brazil aimed at the development and deployment of a high-technology system-of-systems to perform monitoring, protection and control of the land, air and water resources of the Brazilian Amazon region. The primary challenge of the SIVAM project is to perform remote sensing and communications over a vast and undeveloped land area. The SIVAM network meets this challenge through an extensive network of air traffic control/surveillance radars, environmental sensors, communications systems, airborne sensor systems and coordination centers. Now fully operational, the SIVAM system is the world's largest fully integrated remote monitoring system of the environment and provides critical information on a timely basis to the Brazilian government, law enforcement agencies, and to commercial, educational and research groups.

关键词： Remote monitoring Sensor systems Protection Communication system control Control systems Water resources Air traffic control Surveillance Airborne radar Radar remote sensing

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A special case of DOAV estimation in white Gaussian noise

A special case of DOAV estimation in white Gaussian noise

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MILCOM, Military Communications Conference

作者： W. Montlouis System Architecture Design and Integration Directorate Raytheon Company Sudbury MA USA Northeastern University Boston MA USA

关键词： Gaussian noise Signal processing algorithms Parameter estimation Array signal processing Azimuth Angular velocity Antenna arrays Planar arrays Monte Carlo methods Linear antenna arrays

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Decentralized Control using Global Optimization (DCGO)

Decentralized Control using Global Optimization (DCGO)

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2007 AIAA InfoTech at Aerospace Conference

作者： Flint, Matthew Khovanova, Tanya Curry, Michael L. BAE Systems Burlington MA 01803 United States Raytheon Company Andover MA 01810 United States Advanced Information Technologies 6 New England Executive Park Burlington MA 01803 United States AIAA United States System Architecture Design and Integration Directorate 50 Apple Hill Drive Tewksbury MA 01876 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1563478935

The coordination of a team of distributed air vehicles requires a complex optimization, balancing limited communication bandwidths, non-instantaneous planning times and network delays, while at the same time trying to allocate limited resources to spatially diverse locations in a near-optimal fashion in a dynamic and uncertain environment. Given that, in this environment, the optimality of a given plan will not last very long when the information state is constantly changing and being updated, a new approach is proposed in this paper. Global-scope plans for the team are generated and distributed using the principle of emergent leadership to provide efficient plan generation and execution with minimal performance degradation compared to a centralized controller under delayed communications. This type of protocol is labeled the Decentralized Control Global Optimization (DCGO) protocol, and is discussed in this paper, along with some simulation results showing that this premise can produce good results in a realistic environment.

关键词： Global optimization

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Topside design of warships: A 100 year perspective

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第2期111卷 27-44页

作者： Tibbitts, B Baron, N Captain Barry Tibbitts USN (Ret.):He received his education at the U.S. Naval Academy and MIT. He served five years at sea and eight years at shipyards. From 1976 to 1987 he served in a variety of senior Washington positions: aircrafi carrier (CW) ship design manager Director NVSEC's 450 man Hull Division Director NAVSEC Ship Design Division Commander of the 3000 man David Taylor Research Center (now NSWC CD) and a second three year tour as Director NAVSEA Ship Design Group. He was professor of Navad Construction and Engineering at MIT for three years. While on active duty he received numerous personal decorations including two awarad of the Legion of Merit. Currently he is the Chief Systems Engineer for John J. McMullan Assoc. the country's largest naval architecture and marine engineering company. Since 1986 he has published twelve Papers on naval ship technology design and acquisition. He is a member of SNAME's Ship Design Committee an Overseas Fellow of RINA lectures at the NAVSEA Institute and DSMC and remains on the MIT faculty as a senior lecturer. Neil T. Baron:Mr. Baron is a graduate of Marquette University. He provided senior systems engineering support to ship and system design programs including MCM-1 MHC-51 LHD-5 and headed the the Topside Design branch under the Weapons Systems Directorate at the Naval Sea Systems Command. The Topside Design branch is involved in all new construction and active fleet upgrade programs related to antennas/weapon systems/ship architecture systems engineering integration. Mr. Baron has been instrumental in forwarding the “Topside Vision” for the Navy and currently supports OPNAV and senior NAVSEA steering groups in the development of topside technologies and their application to ship and system acquistion programs. Mr. Baron was recently assigned as technology director for the Warfare Systems Engineering Directorate at NAVSEA and is currently acting as the deputy director for the Navy Afloat Y2K Test Program. He co-teaches the Combat System Design and

The warship design process requires competition, compromise, and iteration. This is as true today as it was when David Taylor was a young officer in the Construction Corps at the turn of the century when the U.S. was struggling to develop a world class navy. The naval architects and ordnance engineers of his day wrestled over topside arrangements much as do their current counterparts. They tried to anticipate future threats, and they worried about cost because they were in an arm's race. These were total ship engineering issues, although the phrase had not yet been coined. What is different today! It is tempting to say that the short answer is technology. And, more importantly, the rate of change. Yet, an objective appraisal of David Taylor's era tells us that they too experienced an explosion in technology. Just the years 1900-1910 alone saw the introduction of dreadnought battleships, submarines, and aircraft. We are still trying to grapple with the implications of the last two warfare systems. History tells us that our predecessors got it right more often than wrong. Why? Because they recognized the need to change the way they did business in the face of new technologies and new threats.

关键词： Worry topside Officers WARSHIP Arms race Perspective Ordnance design process

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RACER - A design FOR MAINTAINABILITY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第5期97卷 139-146页

作者： DONOVAN, MR MATTSON, WS Michael R. Donovanis a 1974 graduate of the United States Naval Academy where he received his undergraduate degree in naval architecture. In 1975 he received a master of science degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After completing the Navy's nuclear power training program he served as machinery division officer in USSBainbridge (CGN-25) and chemistry and radiological controls assistant in USSLong Beach (CGN-9). He successfully completed the Navy's surface warfare officer qualification and passed the nuclear engineer's examination administered by Naval Reactors. He was then assigned to the Ship Design and Engineering Directorate (SEA-05) Naval Sea Systems Command as head systems engineer on the DDG-51 ship design project where he received the Navy Commendation Medal for outstanding performance. He is currently with Solar Turbines Incorporated as manager ship integration and integrated logistic support for the Rankine cycle energy recovery (RACER) system. Mr. Donovan has lectured at Virginia Polytechnic Institute teaching marine engineering and has given presentations on ship design at various symposiums and section meetings for both ASNE and SNAME. He has been a member of ASNE and SNAME since 1972 and is registered as a professional engineer in California and Virginia. Wayne S. Mattsonreceived his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Western New England College in 1972. Following graduation he attended Naval Officer Candidate School and was subsequently assigned as a project officer to COMOPTEVFOR where he was responsible for technical and operational test plans their execution and final equipment appraisal. Following a tour as engineering officer aboard the USSNespelen (AOG-55) he was assigned as commissioning MPA aboard the USSElliot (DD-967) the fifthSpruanceclass destroyer. For the past six years he has been employed by Solar Turbines Incorporated in program management within the advanced development department. He is currently

There is a great deal of emphasis currently in the Navy on the issues of reliability and maintainability. If a system or component is out of commission, it obviously cannot perform its mission. Thus, systems and components must be reliable, with low failure rates, and maintainable, with short repair times when the system does become inoperable. To be effective, these attributes must be incorporated into new ship systems early in the design stage. The Rankine cycle energy recovery (RACER) system is a heat recovery steam cycle designed to recover energy from the exhaust of an LM2500 gas turbine for augmentation of a ship's propulsion system. The RACER system provides several advantages to a gas turbine powered ship, one of which is improved fuel efficiency for significant annual fuel savings. This saving does not come free, however, since, in general, any additional system installed in the ship will have some maintenance requirements. In keeping with the Navy's current emphasis, a key philosophy in the design of the RACER system has been to minimize this maintenance burden. After a brief description of the RACER system and its design philosophy, the techniques being used during the design phase to minimize the maintenance burden on the fleet are presented. Trade-off studies concerning acquisition versus life-cycle costs, including fuel and maintenance costs, are discussed. Innovations incorporated into this state-of-the-art system are reviewed with an emphasis on design for affordability.

关键词： COGENERATION PLANTS

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TRIMARAN SHIPS - THE CONFIGURATION FOR THE FRIGATE OF THE FUTURE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1995年第3期107卷 77-93页

作者： ANDREWS, DJ ZHANG, JW David Andrews:is the Professor of Naval Architecture at University College London. He is a member of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors and has spent his career in submarine and surface ship design and procurement projects. He graduated from UCL in 1970 and obtained his MSc in Naval Architecture in 1971. During his tour year appointment to UCL as Lecturer in Naval Architecture he obtained his PhD in Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering for his thesis ‘Synthesis in Ship Design’ in 1984. From 1986 to 1990 he was the Warship Project Manager for the Royal Navy's Replacement Amphibious Programme (LPD and LPH) and for the Aviation Training Ship (RFA ARGUS) as well as the in-service Steam Powered Warships Group. Before returning to UCL in 1993 he was the Head of Preliminary Design in the Future Projects Directorate where he was responsible for studies into future submarines and surface ships including unconventional hull forms. At UCL he directs the naval architecture undergraduate and MSc courses whilst heading up the Naval Architecture Research Group's programmes in computer aided preliminary design trimaran research combat system integration and ship design methodology. He is a Chartered Engineer and Fellow of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects for whom he Chairs the Membership Committee and is a Member of Council and the Executive Committee

This paper follows on from two previous papers from UCL. The first describes a student ship design for an advanced technology frigate, configured with three hulls, whilst the second, given by the first author's predecessor at UCL and the second author at the RINA in 1994, described the reseach undertaken at University College London into the naval architecture of Trimaran Ships. The paper commences with a resume of the origins of the Trimaran concept, its first power boat example, the Ilan Voyager, and the Advanced Technology Frigate design which adapted the trimaran configuration to a modern warship requirement. The other UCL design studies, ranging from an offshore patrol vessel to a small aircraft carrier, are outlined. The various naval architectural considerations of powering, stability, structures and manoeuvring are then described. Particular attention is focused on the seakeeping analysis which is being undertaken jointly by UCL and DRA Haslar from the autumn of 1994 although the submission date for publication precludes inclusion of model and analytical results. Finally, on work in hand, preliminary results on a spatial analysis of the Trimaran configuration and the advantages this appears to provide in a more spacious upper deck and main deck arrangement in the central portion of the ship is outlined. The paper concludes by postulating that, in respect of the capabilities likely to be most significant in the requirements for frigate designs in the future, the Trimaran would appear to have distinct advantages over the monohull and other unconventioanl hull forms.

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FUTURE PROPULSION MACHINERY TECHNOLOGY FOR GAS-TURBINE POWERED FRIGATES, DESTROYERS, AND CRUISERS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第2期96卷 34-46页

作者： BASKERVILLE, JE QUANDT, ER DONOVAN, MR USN The Authors Commander James E. Baskerville USNis presently assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command (NA VSEA) as the Ship Design Manager for the DDG 51 the Navy's next generation surface combatant. A graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy Class of 1969 he is a qualified Surface Warfare Officer and designated Engineering Duty Officer (ED). He received his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering and his professional degree of Ocean Engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and holds a patent right on an Electronic Control and Response System. His naval assignments include tours in USSRamsey (FFG-2) Aide and Flag Lieutenant to the Commander Naval Electronic Systems Command and Ship Superintendent Surface Type Desk Officer and Assistant Design Superintendent at NA VSHIPYD Pearl Harbor. He was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal for distinguished performance at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. As an author he has contributed articles to the ASNEJournaland given presentations at local sections on ship design the use of innovative technology in ship repair and maintenance and the costs and risks associated with engineering progress. Commander Baskerville is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Virginia an adjunct professor teaching marine engineering at Virginia Tech. and in addition to ASNE which he joined in 1975 is a member of SNAME Tau Beta Pi Sigma Xi ASME and the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Dr. Earl R. Quandt:received his degree of Chemical Engineer from the University of Cincinnati in 1956 and his Ph.D. degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. He worked in the naval reactors program at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory from 1956 to 1963. Since that time he has been with David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center Annapolis Maryland where he is Head of the Power Systems Division. He contributed to this paper while on a one year assignment to the U.S. Naval Academy as V

A turning point occurred in naval engineering in 1972 when the U.S. N avy chose to use marine gas turbines for the propulsion of its new SPRUANCE and PERRY Class ships. This paper reviews the more than twenty years of experience with turbine technology and its design integration into combat ships needed to make that decision. It is concluded that the availability of a good second generation aircraft derivative engine with proven reliability and a strong commercial base, i.e., the LM-2500, was as important to the decision as was the predicted improved ship effectiveness and cost benefits. This paper discusses improvements that can be made to the twin engine, single gear, single propeller shaft system. Focusing only on this mechanical transmission concept, it addresses the impact of possible improvements to the engine, gear, and shafting. In particular, the paper discusses current LM-2500 related R&D efforts to: (a) obtain improved part-power fuel rates, (b) integrate with a reversing reduction gear, and (c) add on a waste heat recovery steam cycle. Looking ahead to the year 2000, this paper suggests that a successor to the ubiquitous LM-2500 will appear in the 15 MW power range to provide the next step in the evolution of the twin engine package. This new naval engine will most likely be based on an aircraft core that exists at present, such that it will have demonstrated its reliability and commercial potential through many hours of testing prior to its mid-1990 marine conversion. This new engine is expected to offer improved air flow, an excellent fuel rate (approaching a flat 0.30 LB/HP-HR), and effective maintenance monitoring, all at some expense in size, weight, and cost. The year 2000 engine will burn a liquid hydrocarbon fuel similar to JP-5 because of its aircraft origins. Combined with advances in gear and shafting technology, the full twin engine propulsion system of the year 2000 should be markedly lighter, smaller, and more efficient than today's units.

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