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Development and integration of an equation-solving program for engineering thermodynamics courses

computer Applications in engineering Education 1993年第3期1卷 265-265页

作者： Klein, S.A. Mechanical Engineering Department University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706 Dr. S. A. Klein:is a professor of Mechanical Engineering at University of Wisconsin-Madison. His engineering degrees (BS University of Illinois-Chicago MS PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison) were obtained in Chemical Engineering. Professor Klein is a member of the Solar Energy Laboratory at Wisconsin. He is the developer of the F-Chart method for sizing solar heating systems and the TRNSYS simulation program which is widely used in simulations of solar processes. Currently Professor Klein is involved in research on solar energy system performance absorption power cycles finite-time thermodynamics applications adsorption processes for air conditioning and air quality control and alternative refrigerants and systems for refrigeration and air conditioning applications. Professor Klein is also involved in the development of engineering computer tools for both instruction and research. In addition to the EES program described in this paper he is the primary author of the thermodynamics instructional program CP/Thermo and the finite element program FEHT.

Thermodynamics problems can be separated into conceptual and mathematical parts. The conceptual part consists of the problem formulation and analysis. The mathematical part seeks to obtain an answer to a problem by solving the equations identified in the analysis. The mathematical part can be complex and time-consuming and often directs the students' focus away from the concepts. An equation solving program called engineering Equation Solver (EES) was developed to reduce the time and effort required by students to solve the mathematical part of thermodynamics problems. EES differs from existing equation solving programs in that it is designed for use by students and it includes an extensive library of built-in functions for thermodynamic and transport properties of fluids. Thermodynamic and transport property data needed for solving engineering problems (eg, steam tables, refrigerant properties, psychrometric and combustion gas data) are built into the program. By eliminating table lookups and algebra, EES allows students to concentrate on engineering fundamentals, as well as to do more complex design problems.

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An approach to the direct analysis of transient stability

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European Transactions on Electrical Power 1993年第3期3卷 241-248页

作者： Djukanovic, M.B. Sobajic, D.J. Pao, Y.‐H. Miodrag B. Djukanovic (1959) received his B.S. M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Belgrade/Yugoslavia in 1982 1985 and 1992 respectively specializing in electric power systems. In 1984 he joined the Electrical Engineering Institute “Nikola Tesla” in Belgrade where he was working on the scientific studies in the field of power systems planning operation and control. In 1985 and 1990 he was appointed as a research scholar at the Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm and Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio. His major in- terests are in the area of power system analysis steady-state and dynamic security and application of neural networks in electric power systems. (Electrical Engineering Institute “Nicola Tesla” ul. Koste Glavinica 8A YU-11000 Belgrad T +3811/2351-619 Fax + 3811/2351-823) Dejan J. Sobajic (1949) received the B.S.E.E. and the M.S.E.E. degrees from the University of Belgrade/Yugoslavia in 1972 and 1976 respectively and the Ph.D. degree from Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio in 1988. At present he is with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Physics Case Western Reserve University Cleveland. He is also the Engineering Manager of A1 WARE Inc. Cleveland. His current research interests include power system operation and control neuralnet systems and adaptive control. He is a member of the IEEE Task Force on Neural-Network Applications in Power Systems and of the IEEE Intelligent Controls Committee. He is the Chairman of the International Neural-Networks Society Special Interest Group on Power Engineering. (Case Western Reserve University Department of Electrial Engineering and Computer Sciences Glennan Building Ohio 44 106 USA T + 1216/421-2380 Fax +1216/368-8776) Yoh-Han Pao (1922) has been a Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at Case Westem Reserve University (CWRU) Cleveland Ohio since 1967. He has served as chairman of the University's Electrical Engineering Department

The Transient Energy Function (TEF) method has been intensely investigated over the last decade as a reliable and accurate tool for transient stability assessment of multimachine power systems. In this paper we propose the Potential Energy Boundary Surface (PEBS) based method for direct analysis of transient stability. The critical value of transient energy and the Critical Clearing Time (T_CCT) are evaluated without the need for successive calculation and memorization of the system kinetic and potential energy values along the sustained fault trajectory. The method is used for determination of output features in the training phase of the neural‐net based transient security assessment. The proposed approach is tested on the well‐known ten‐generator New England test system demonstrating the validity and accuracy of obtained results. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS FOR MEASUREMENT systemS WITH UNIFORM AND NORMAL ERRORS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1993年第1期105卷 66-69页

作者： SNOW, JM STUCKMAN, BE USHER, JS Jeffrey M. Snow:received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Washington in 1977. He has worked at Boeing Commercial Aircraft Company and Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. Since 1985 he has been at Naval Surface Warfare Center Crane Division (NSWCC). From 1987 to 1990 he was in charge of quality assurance configuration management and reliability for Aegis (SPY-1 and Mk-99) microwave tubes. He currently is in the Radar System Branch at NSWCC. He is a member of ASQC and ASME. His areas of interest include the use of statistics in process improvement efforts and objectively rating and rewarding suppliers for better quality. Bruce E. Stuckman:holds a Ph.D. degree in systems engineering from Oakland University where he also obtained M.S. and B.S. degrees in electrical and computer engineering. In 1992 Dr. Stuckman obtained his J.D. from the University of Louisville where he graduated cum laude. He is currently an associate in the patent and computer law department of Brooks & Kushman a law firm specializing in intellectual property and technology related causes. Prior to this he was an associate professor of both electrical engineering at the University of Louisville and a member of the Research Advisory Board of the South Central Bell Telecommunications Research Center. Dr. Stuckman is the author of over 75 published works in a variety of research areas including global optimization algorithms control systems communication and telecommunication systems and instrumentation electronics. He has served as a technical consultant to such organizations as Control Data Corporation General Electric General Motors Research Laboratories Gulf & Western AT&T Bell Laboratories ARCO Research and Technical Services and the U.S. Government and has been a frequent lecturer at national and international symposia. He is a senior member of IEEE and a member of ASNE Eta Kappa Nu Tau Beta Pi Sigma Xi and Phi Kappa Phi. John S. Usher Ph.D. P.E.:is an assistant professor of industrial engineering

Accuracy requirements are usually determined as a percentage of the specification range of the measured part or process. Setting accuracy requirements in this manner results in a wide and unpredictable range of false rejection and acceptance probabilities. This causes extra costs due to either: 1) over specification of measurement systems accuracy requirements;2) time, effort, retesting, and resolution of false rejections;or 3) system degradation caused by false acceptance of out-of-specification parts. Achieving a consistent and known risk of false acceptance is only possible by considering the measured process C(pk), the process's mean in relation to the center of the specification range, and the measurement system error distribution. This paper presents a method for calculating the probabilities of false rejection and false acceptance for a normal process which is measured with, alternately, uniform and normally distributed error. It is shown that under most conditions uniform error causes 20% to 30% higher false rejection and acceptance probabilities. Thus, knowledge of measurement error distribution could provide lower total production cost.

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On-Line Identification of Time Delay And system Parameters of Continuous systems Based on Discrete-Time Measurements

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1991年第3期24卷 721-726页

作者： Z.Y. Zhao S. Sagara K. Kumamaru Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kyushu University Hakozaki Fukuoka 812 Japan Department of Computer Science and Control Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka Fukuoka 820 Japan

A simple approach is presented for simultaneous on-line identification of the time delay and the system parameters of continuous-time systems based on discrete-time measurements. The linear integral filter is used both to construct the derivatives of input-output signals and to avoid estimating the unknown initial conditions. The time delay and the system parameters are directly estimated by an on-line algorithm which is derived using Newton’s method. Severed identification methods such as the bias-compensating method and the instrumental variable methods are applied for eliminating the asymptotic bias of the parameter estimates in noisy situations. The present algorithm is applicable to the case when the time delay is not an integral multiple of the sampling interval, and can also be used for model reduction.

关键词： Identification time-delay systems identification techniques model reduction

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DIGNET: a self-organizing neural network for automatic pattern recognition and classification

DIGNET: a self-organizing neural network for automatic patte...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： S.C.A. Thomopoulos D.K. Bougoulias Decision and Control Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA Information Proc. & Intell. System Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Southem Illinois University Carbondale IL USA

The authors present a self-organizing artificial neural network (ANN) that exhibits deterministically reliable behavior to noise interference when the noise does not exceed a specified level of tolerance. The complexity of the proposed ANN, called DIGNET, in terms of neuron requirements versus stored patterns, increases linearly with the number of stored patterns and their dimensionality. The self-organization of DIGNET is based on the idea of competitive generation and elimination of attraction wells in the pattern space. The same neural network can be used for both pattern recognition and classification.< >

关键词： Neural networks Pattern recognition Artificial neural networks Neurons Interference Vectors Laboratories Noise level Signal detection Automatic control

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New algorithms for earthfault distance protection in insulated and compensated networks

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European Transactions on Electrical Power 1991年第5期1卷 253-259页

作者： Igel, M. Koglin, H.‐J. Schegner, P. Dr.-lng. Michael Igel (1961). VDE received his Dip1.-lng. degree in Electrical Engineering at the University of SaarlandGermany. in 1987 and became scientific assistant at the Lehrstuhl fur Energieversorgung of this University. After receiving his Dr.-Ing. degree in 1990. he presently works as development engineer of the department of protection systems in the power transmission and distribution division of AEG at Frankfurt a. M./Germany. (AEG Aktiengesellschaft Lyoner Str. 44-48. D-6000 Frankfurt 7 I T + 49 69/66 40 16 I 7) Prof. Dr.-lng. Hans-Jurgen Koglin (1937). VDE holds the Lehrstuhl fur Energieversorgung of the University of SaarlandGermany since 1983. After the study of Electrical Engineering (power engineering) at the Technische Hochschule DarmstadtIGermany. he worked as a scientific assistant at the “Institut fur Elektrische Enerpieversorgung” of this Unive:rsity. After receiving his Dr.-lng. degree he tirst worked as assistant professor later on as full Professor at the Technische Hochschule Darmstadt (Department “Systemfuhrung in Energieversorgungsnetzen”). He is member i n several national and international committees. His most important research activities are: reliability evaluation computer-optimized network development planning digital network protection systems substation control system state estimation. corrective switching visibility of overhead lines. (Universitat des Saarlandes Lehrstuhl fur Energieversorgung Im Stadtwald D-6600 Saarbriicken I I T + 4 9 6 8 113 023979) Dr.-Ing. Peter Schegner (1955) VDEis head of the development department of protection systems in .the power transmission and distribution division of AEG at Frankfurt a. M./Gerrnany. He studied Electrical Power Engineering at the Technische Hochschule Darmstadt/Genany and worked as system engineer in the field of power system control. He became a member of the scientific staff at the Universitiit des Saarlandes receiving his degree with a thesis on the earthfault distance protection. (AEG Aktiengesellschaft

Through the analysis of transient signals after the occurrence of an earthfault it is possible to evaluate fault direction and fault distance. The faulty line is simulated by using a three phase Tl‐model. The result is a differential equation of a higher order, which only consists of voltages and currents, which are measured at the installation point of the relay. If the capacities of the part of the network without earthfault are considerably larger than those of the faulty line, the line capacities of the faulty line can be ignored in the differential equation. This results in afirst‐jorder differential equation, which can be solved by integration in the time domain. A second algorithm takes the line capacities into consideration. The derivatives of the input signals are calculated in the frequency domain. A third algorithm calculates the equivalent fault inductivity in the frequency domain by complex division. The last algorithm deals with the line capacities by using correction factors. The mode of operation of the earthfault distance algorithms presented here will be shown with the example of a 22‐kV‐overhead line network. Copyright © 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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computer-system ARCHITECTURE CONCEPTS FOR FUTURE COMBAT systemS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 43-62页

作者： ZITZMAN, LH FALATKO, SM PAPACH, JL Dr. Lewis H. Zitzman:is the group supervisor of the Advanced Systems Design Group Fleet Systems Department The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). He has been employed at JHU/APL since 1972 performing applied research in computer science and in investigating and applying advanced computer technologies to Navy shipboard systems. He is currently chairman of Aegis Computer Architecture Data Bus and Fiber Optics Working Group from which many concepts for this paper were generated. Dr. Zitzman received his B.S. degree in physics from Brigham Young University in 1963 and his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Illinois in 1967 and 1972 respectively. Stephen M. Falatko:was a senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department Comptek Research Incorporated for the majority of this effort. He is currently employed at ManTech Services Corporation. During his eight-year career first at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory and currently with ManTech Mr. Falatko's work has centered around the development of requirements and specifications for future Navy systems and the application of advanced technology to Navy command and control systems. He is a member of both the Computer Architecture Fiber Optics and Data Bus Working Group and the Aegis Fiber Optics Working Group. Mr. Falatko received his B.S. degree in aerospace engineering with high distinction from the University of Virginia in 1982 and his M.S. degree in applied physics from The Johns Hopkins University in 1985. Mr. Falatko is a member of Tau Beta Pi Sigma Gamma Tau the American Society of Naval Engineers and the U.S. Naval Institute. Janet L. Papach:is a section leader and senior engineering analyst in the Combat Systems Engineering Department Comptek Research Incorporated. She has ten years' experience as an analyst supporting NavSea Spa War and the U.S. Department of State. She currently participates in working group efforts under Aegis Combat System Doctrin

This paper sets forth computer systems architecture concepts for the combat system of the 2010–2030 timeframe that satisfy the needs of the next generation of surface combatants. It builds upon the current Aegis computer systems architecture, expanding that architecture while preserving, and adhering to, the Aegis fundamental principle of thorough systems engineering, dedicated to maintaining a well integrated, highly reliable, and easily operable combat system. The implementation of these proposed computer systems concepts in a coherent architecture would support the future battle force capable combat system and allow the expansion necessary to accommodate evolutionary changes in both the threat environment and the technology then available to effectively counter that threat. Changes to the current Aegis computer architecture must be carefully and effectively managed such that the fleet will retain its combat readiness capability at all times. This paper describes a possible transition approach for evolving the current Aegis computer architecture to a general architecture for the future. The proposed computer systems architecture concepts encompass the use of combinations of physically distributed, microprocessor-based computers, collocated with the equipment they support or embedded within the equipment itself. They draw heavily on widely used and available industry standards, including instruction set architectures (ISAs), backplane busses, microprocessors, computer programming languages and development environments, and local area networks (LANs). In this proposal, LANs, based on fiber optics, will provide the interconnection to support system expandability, redundancy, and higher data throughput rates. A system of cross connected LANs will support a high level of combat system integration, spanning the major warfare areas, and will facilitate the coordination and development of a coherent multi-warfare tactical picture supporting the future combatant command st

关键词： computer Architecture

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Printed circuit board inspection system PI/1 2

Printed circuit board inspection system PI/1

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Automated Inspection and High-Speed Vision Architectures II 1988

作者： Yu, Shiaw-Shian Cheng, Wen-Chin Chiang, Chris S. C. Advanced Technology Center Electronics Research and Service Organization Industrial Technology Research Institute Chutung Hsinchu31015 Taiwan Control System Department Electronics Research and Service Organization Industrial Technology Research Institute Chutung Hsinchu31015 Taiwan Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30049 Taiwan AITech International Corporation United States

An automatic printed circuit board (PCB) inspection system called PI/l, is described in this paper. The system can inspect PCB artwork and inner layers to find trace faults such as open circuits, short circuits, pin holes, fine lines and narrow line spaces. PI/1 uses a line scan camera with 1024 pixels resolution to take images. The whole image can be obtained by the help of a scanning mechanism in the X and the Y directions. Continuous pictures can be taken without blurring, and the resolution is between 1/2 to 2 mils. The inspection method used in PI/1 is a type of design rule checking. It does not require a reference image and can tolerate changes in the inspection environment due to illumination and PCB positioning. The inspection algorithm has been implemented into a special hardware and the inspection speed is about 4 x 106 pixels/sec. © 1989 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Printed circuit boards

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Combined Frequency and Time Domain Techniques for the Design of Compensator for Multivariable Nonlinear control systems

Combined Frequency and Time Domain Techniques for the Design...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： S D Katebi M R Katebi Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Engineering Shiraz University Iran Industrial System and Control Glasgow Glasgow UK

A combined frequency and time domain design technique is described for a class of multivariable feedback systems containing a set of coupled nonlinear elements of any general multivalued form. The parameter of the compensator is initially derived from the frequency domain analysis and automatically adjusted by the numerical synthesis routine in order to meet specified time domain performance. The method employs a combined analytical and synthesis procedures and provides a powerful tool in the design of a wide class of nonlinear multivariable feedback systems. Example is presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design technique.

关键词： Nonlinear control systems Limit-cycles Equations Frequency synthesizers Feedback Displays Tiles Couplings Performance analysis Neutron spin echo

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NTDS - A PAGE IN NAVAL HISTORY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 53-61页

作者： SWENSON, EN MAHINSKE, EB STOUTENBURGH, JS Capt. Erick N. Swenson USNR (Ret.):is a project manager for special projects in the Surface Ship Systems Division Hughes Aircraft Company Fullerton Calif where he has been employed since his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1975. Originally trained as an electronics technician during WWII in the Captain Eddy program he later received a BS degree in electrical engineering from the University of Rochester Rochester N. Y. in 1950. Subsequent engineering education was received at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Penn. and the Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif. After commissioning he was ordered to duty as the electronics division officer on the USSMissouri(BB-63) and electronics ships superintendent at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard San Francisco Calif. When the design of the Naval Tactical Data System began in the mid-1950s Lt. (j.g.) Swenson was ordered to the Bureau of Ships Navy Department Washington D.C. as the junior engineering duty only officer assigned to the project. From 1962 to 1965 LCdr. Swenson was assigned as the BuShips technical representative on the program at Remington Rand Univac St. Paul Minn. For the next ten years he returned to BuShips/NavSea/NAVSEC as the NTDS project officer. During this time the project expanded considerably foreign military sales were heavily involved and interoperability with other services and countries were established. His final effort on active duty was to instigate the redesign of the previousSpruanceclass destroyers into the newerAdmiral Kiddclass improvement program. He is a registered professional electrical engineer in the State of California listed inWho's Who in the Worldis a life member of ASNE and chairman of the Long Beach/Greater LA Section. Capt. Edmund B. Mahinske USN (Ret.):is an alumnus of the U.S. Naval Academy the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Harvard Business School. His technical background is in electronics and he specialized in the management of programs involving the application of comp

A little over thirty years ago, a group of naval engineers were assembled by the Bureau of Ships to develop a new system approach to the combat information center (CIC). The CIC of World War II, with its “grease pencil” plots and voice telling of tactical information from sensors and other ships, could no longer provide the timely, coordinated reaction to postwar threats. This project group led the Navy into the new world of large-scale, high-speed digital electronics and into a new mode of conducting naval warfare as well. There were no off-the-shelf computers of the requisite capability, size and reliability; what were available were monstrous vacuum tube computers. There were no display equipments that were “conversant” in both the digital language of the computer and the analog language of the sensors and the weapon systems. Who ever heard, at that time, of a computer running a tactical communication net automatically? It was hard enough to find sufficient numbers of engineers who knew what a digital computer was. This paper, by three naval engineers in the implementing engineering office, depicts the evolvement of the Naval Tactical Data systems (NTDS) as they saw it. It discusses the problems that stemmed from the transition from the old world of analog into the new digital world, the system concepts that steered the development; the key decisions that were made; new electronic equipment and processes that became necessary; and the need of the mangagement to face the real world of deadlines, ship schedules and operational requirements.

关键词： NAVAL WARFARE

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