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16th Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO-PR 2024

作者： Kim, Dasom Hou, Jin Lee, Geon Agrawal, Ayush Kim, Sunghwan Zhang, Hao Bao, Di Baydin, Andrey Wu, Wenjing Tay, Fuyang Huang, Shengxi Hagenmüller, Daivd Chia, Elbert E. M. Kim, Dai-Sik Seo, Minah Mohite, Aditya D. Kono, Junichiro Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Université de Strasbourg Cnrs Strasbourg67000 France KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Methods for harnessing vibrational states are desired for phonon-based technologies. We realized ultrastrong coupling of two phonon modes in perovskite materials induced by ultrastrong coupling with a common photonic ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372076

关键词： Organic-inorganic materials

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Developing a Three-Dimensional Urban Surface Model for Spatiotemporal Analysis of Thermal Comfort with Respect to Street Direction

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Piao, Zheng Gang Park, Chae Yeon Kim, Sang Hyuck Kim, Eun Sub Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Social Systems Division National Institute for Environmental Studies 16-2 Onogawa Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8506 Japan

Understanding the urban heat problem, which is intensifying owing to urbanization and climate change, has become a great challenge. Evaluating the thermal environment of urban spaces and predicting changes based on urban planning are essential for developing optimal urban cooling plans. Models using numerical methods are efficient and flexible for accurately simulating thermal comfort in various spatial arrangements in urban areas. In this study, we developed a three-dimensional urban surface model to evaluate the thermal comfort of humans by reflecting complex urban environments. We analyzed the thermal comfort according to the angular change of east–west streets, which are vulnerable to heat, and found that a change of 12.5° has a significant effect on the heat felt by the person on the sidewalk. The results suggest that spatiotemporal thermal comfort simulations considering the orientation of the streets and analytical planning are necessary to efficiently cool the city. This model can be used to develop efficient cooling strategies to achieve sustainable cities. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal comfort

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Natural rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive as a drug carrier

Natural rubber-based pressure sensitive adhesive as a drug c...

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International Conference on Advanced Materials in Environment, Energy and Health Applications, AMEEHA 2022

作者： Puyathorn, Napaphol Limsirilak, Sasiprapa Pichayakorn, Wiwat Kalkornsurapranee, Ekwipoo Phaechamud, Thawatchai Program of Pharmaceutical Engineering Faculty of Pharmacy Silpakorn University Nakhon Pathom73000 Thailand Faculty of Pharmacy Siam University Bangkok10160 Thailand Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Prince of Songkla University Songkhla90110 Thailand Division of Physical Science Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Songkhla90110 Thailand Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Faculty of Pharmacy Silpakorn University Nakhon Pathom73000 Thailand Natural Bioactive and Material for Health Promotion and Drug Delivery System Group Faculty of Pharmacy Silpakorn University Nakhon Pathom73000 Thailand

Natural rubber (NR) has been utilized in several products from its interesting unique properties. This study aimed to develop the pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) as the transdermal patches from NR by two-roll mill kneading technique. Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was blended as a tackifier agent. The propranolol HCl and ibuprofen at different parts per hundred of rubber (phr) were loaded into this developed PSA. The appearance, thickness, crystallinity, contact angle, water sorption and erosion, adhesion, and in vitro drug permeation of these patches were evaluated. The thickness of all patches was in the range of 0.46-1.07 mm. The drug-loaded patches showed diverse unique topographies depended on both type and amount of drug incorporation. From powder X-ray diffraction analysis, the plain NR-PSA showed the amorphous structure, while the halo pattern inserted with sharp drug peaks were observed on drug-loaded PSA. The contact angle of all samples was in the range of 80-90° indicating their hydrophobic surface. However, they displayed an increased % water sorption with the time of soaking. The 2-4 N adhesion force was evident for all fabricated drug-loaded PSAs. The propranolol HCl permeated from PSA notably lower than ibuprofen. The residual of the drugs in patches was about 85-90 %. These results provided the basic physicochemical properties for the further development of PSA as the transdermal patch. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rubber

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Nature-Based Solutions Can Potentially Contribute to Biomass Density, Heat Stress Mitigation, and Biodiversity

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Shin Woo Kim, Da Sle Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are actions to protect, sustainably manage, or restore natural ecosystems. They are increasingly recognized worldwide as a key strategy for sustainable development, integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation and biodiversity conservation. NBS is fundamental to the quality of life of residents, and urban planning often includes strategies that are directly or indirectly related to greening. Although numerous studies have been conducted to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of NBS, analysis of the potential effect of NBS remains insufficient. Therefore, we developed a spatial decision-making support model that optimizes the location of NBS on multiple effects (biomass density, urban heat stress mitigation, and landscape connectivity) using a Non-Sorting dominated Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Potential was assessed by comparing the NBS plan considering co-benefits with NBS strategy scenarios focused on individual objectives connectivity, biomass density, heat stress based scenario(CBS, BBS, and HBS). The model was applied to Suwon City, South Korea, demonstrating the potential of an integrated approach to maximize co-benefits simultaneously. The analysis revealed a trade-off between NBS benefits and implementation costs, with performance improvement in one objective often leading to decreased performance in others. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among the three objectives, with heat stress showing the lowest correlation. Simulations under four distinct scenarios highlighted the diverse potential arrangements of NBS and their effects. An integrated strategy demonstrated a consistently high overall value (a 221% improvement), which proved to be the most efficient approach when considering all aspects collectively. This study underscores the potential benefits of integrating multiple objectives into urban green space planning, thereby providing valuable insights for sustainable urban development.

关键词： Biodiversity

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Hazardous traffic scenarios for motorcyclists in Indonesia: a comprehensive insight from police accident data and self-reports

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International Journal for Consumer and Product Safety 2024年第3期31卷

作者： Naomi Srie Kusumastutie Bhina Patria Sri Kusrohmaniah Thomas Dicky Hastjarjo a Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesiab Road Transportation System Engineering Program Politeknik Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan Tegal Indonesia a Faculty of Psychology Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

Motorcycle safety remains a concern in low- and middle-income countries. This study addresses this issue by identifying hazardous scenarios for motorcyclists in Indonesia. We conducted a two-step cluster analysis and injury analysis to examine motorcycle accidents based on the police accident dataset (2020–2021) of Brebes Regency, Indonesia. We integrated the findings with accident self-reports from 104 young motorcyclists using a joint display to obtain a more comprehensive insight. As a result, we identified four hazardous traffic scenarios: motorcycle-to-vehicle collisions on median roads, motorcycle-to-vehicle collisions on non-median roads, motorcycle-to-pedestrian collisions, and single-motorcycle collisions. We suggest countermeasures for each scenario and propose a public transport policy as a safer mobility solution. Applying a two-step cluster analysis on accident data and integrating the findings of accident data and self-report analysis proved beneficial in this study. Therefore, we encourage the use of this novel approach in future studies.

关键词： Hazardous traffic scenarios motorcyclist Indonesia accident data two-step cluster self-reports

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Measurement of surface stress-strain distribution inside a grain of carbon steel via optical microscope

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Measurement 2025年 255卷

作者： I Dewa Made Oka Dharmawan Jinyi Lee Department of Control Instrumentation and Robot Engineering Graduate School of Chosun University Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in IT-BIO Convergence System Chosun University Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Chosun University Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea

The advancement of alloys and steel in engineering highlights the critical need for robust methods to ensure structural integrity. While traditional Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT/E) techniques provide valuable insights, they often fail to detect pre-existing stress conditions that contribute to fatigue cracks. Recent approaches have addressed this limitation by analyzing stress and strain at the grain level using advanced measurement systems—often based on diffraction techniques—integrated with Finite Element Method (FEM) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) platforms. However, the application of these techniques for in-service inspections remains limited by challenges in accessibility, cost, and scalability. To overcome these issues, an integrated 2D surface system combining optical microscopy with DIC and grain-level analysis within the FEM framework is proposed. This method enables efficient visualization of grain-level deformation and stress distribution, thereby providing deeper insights into the microstructural behavior of polycrystalline materials under external loads. The proposed methodology is theoretically outlined and validated through simulations and experimental analyses, demonstrating its potential as a practical solution for in-service inspections. Ultimately, this approach is expected to advance inspection techniques by offering an accessible and scalable tool for monitoring microstructural behavior and identifying potential failure mechanisms through surface analysis.

关键词： Digital image correlation Finite element method Non-destructive testing and evaluation Polycrystalline material Residual stress–strain

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Fracture risk assessment from 2D-DXA scan by supervised machine learning modeling

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Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia 2023年第4期9卷 S2-S2页

作者： Heesun Choi Luca Quagliato Yoon-Sok Chung Taeyong Lee Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Ewha Womans University Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Republic of Korea Ajou University Hospital Republic of Korea

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Cost-Effective Groundwater Potential Mapping by Integrating Multiple Remote Sensing Data and the Index–Overlay Method

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Remote Sensing 2024年第3期16卷 502页

作者： Nainggolan, Lamtupa Ni, Chuen-Fa Darmawan, Yahya Lo, Wei-Cheng Lee, I-Hsian Lin, Chi-Ping Hiep, Nguyen Hoang Earth System Science Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Applied Geology National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Education and Culture Board of Medan City Government North Sumatra 20233 Indonesia Center for Environmental Studies National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Indonesian College of Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics STMKG Banten 15221 Indonesia Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City 701 Taiwan

The Choushui River groundwater basin (CRGB) in Yunlin County, Taiwan, is a significant groundwater source for the western part of the region. However, increasing groundwater demand and human activities have triggered a potential crisis due to overexploitation. Therefore, groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) maps are crucial for mapping groundwater resources and water resource management. This study employs the normalized index–overlay method and fuzzy extended analytical hierarchy process (FE-AHP) to map GWPZs cost-effectively. The methodology objectively incorporates weightings from various thematic layers by normalizing and correlating parameters with observed groundwater availability (GA). Site-specific observations, including aquifer thickness, depth to the groundwater level, and porosity, inform GA calculations. Seven comprehensive layers derived from remote sensing (RS) data are processed to obtain weightings and ratings for the groundwater potential index (GWPI) in the CRGB. Selected parameters are categorized into hydrological processes, human interventions, geological, and surface profiles. Hydrological processes include precipitation, modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), and drainage density. Human interventions consist of the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and normalized difference building index (NDBI). Surface profiles encompass the terrain ruggedness index (TRI) and slope, enhancing the study’s multi-criteria approach. The observed GA validates the GWPZ accuracy, classifying zones into five categories. According to the GWPI of FE-AHP, about 59.56% of the CRGB area can be categorized as "moderate" to "very good" potential groundwater recharge zones. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between GWPI and GA, based on FE-AHP, outperforms the conventional AHP. This RS-based approach efficiently evaluates GA in aquifers with limited wells, highlighting crucial zones in CRGB’s proximal-fan and southeastern mid-fan for informed groundwater management

关键词： Aquifers

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A system Dynamics Model of Sustainable Construction for High rise Residential Projects in Developing Countries: Case of Indonesia

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Open Civil engineering Journal 2022年第1期16卷

作者： Sutantio, Aditya Anwar, Nadjadji Wiguna, I Putu Artama Suryani, Erma Post Graduate Program Civil Engineering Department Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Jalan Raya ITS Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Jalan Raya ITS Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Information System Department Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Jalan Raya ITS Surabaya 60111 Indonesia

Introduction: Despite its contribution to urban development, high rise residential projects also cause adverse impact on the living environment. To address the problem, a sustainable construction as a new paradigm has been introduced. Various papers have examined the importance of sustainable construction. However, most studies focused on social and environmental aspects and with few consideration on the economic objective of the business. This study aimed to fill the research gap by presenting a dynamic model to improve social, environmental and economic performance of sustainable construction for high rise residential projects in developing countries. Methods: This study started with a literature review as a basis for a qualitative survey conducted in thirty high rise residential projects in Indonesia, to identify the influencing factors and the interrelationships. To analysis the data, a system dynamics approach was utilized. Results: The simulations reveal that the current regulation and construction practices are insufficient to reduce environmental negative impacts. In order to formulate better policies, three scenarios comprised the implementation of building energy regulation, tax incentives policy, and a policy mix were employed. The results show that the scenarios could improve construction sustainability performance in some extends. Conclusion: The combination of building regulation and tax incentives policy is effective to achieve environmental and social as well as economic aspects of sustainable construction which is suitable for investors. Based on the results, it is concluded that the model can be used to formulate various policies in the future to enhance sustainable construction of high rise residential projects in developing countries. © 2022 Sutantio et al.

关键词： Environmental impacts Lean construction Life cycle cost Regulation Sustainable construction system dynamics

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Enhancing forensic investigations: Identifying bloodstains on various substrates through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning algorithms

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Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 2024年 308卷 123755页

作者： Wei, Chun-Ta You, Jhu-Lin Weng, Shiuh-Ku Jian, Shun-Yi Lee, Jeff Cheng-Lung Chiang, Tang-Lun School of Defense Science Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan 335009 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan 335009 Taiwan System Engineering and Technology Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering Chien Hsin University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 320678 Taiwan Department of Material Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 243303 Taiwan Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei 243303 Taiwan Department of Criminal Investigation Taiwan Police College Taipei 116078 Taiwan

The forensic analysis of bloodstains on various substrates plays a crucial role in criminal investigations. This study presents a novel approach for analyzing bloodstains using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in combination with machine learning. ATR-FTIR offers non-destructive and non-invasive advantages, requiring minimal sample preparation. By detecting specific chemical bonds in blood components, it enables the differentiation of various body fluids. However, the subjective interpretation of the spectra poses challenges in distinguishing different fluids. To address this, we employ machine learning techniques. Machine learning is extensively used in chemometrics to analyze chemical data, build models, and extract useful information. This includes both unsupervised learning and supervised learning methods, which provide objective characterization and differentiation. The focus of this study was to identify human and porcine blood on substrates using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The substrates included paper, plastic, cloth, and wood. Data preprocessing was performed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce dimensionality and analyze latent variables. Subsequently, six machine learning algorithms were used to build classification models and compare their performance. These algorithms comprise Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Decision Trees (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Neural Network (NN). The results indicate that the PCA-NN model provides the optimal solution on most substrates. Although ATR-FTIR spectroscopy combined with machine learning effectively identifies bloodstains on substrates, the performance of different identification models still varies based on the type of substrate. The integration of these disciplines enables researchers to harness the power of data-driven approaches for solving complex forensic problems. Th

关键词： ATR-FTIR Bloodstains Forensic investigations Machine learning Substrates

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