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The Development of Quadriceps Muscle Model for Paraplegic

Procedia engineering 2012年 41卷 1553-1558页

作者： R. Jailani S.H. Zakaria M.O. Tokhi Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield UK

This paper present the development of paraplegic quadriceps muscle model based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). A type of modeling, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were used to investigate the impact of different stimulation frequency, pulse width, pulse duration and settling time on the movement of quadriceps muscle with paraplegia due to a spinal cord injury. 361 training data and 300 testing data set are used in the development of muscle model. Two type of learning approach which is feed-forward backpropagation and cascade-forward backpropagation are considered to develop quadriceps muscle model. The developed model then, validated with clinical data. The model of muscle presented is able to accurately predict muscle torque outputs, along with the variability of the identified parameter. In this study, the feed-forward NN muscle model is found to be the most accurate muscle model representing paraplegic quadriceps muscle model. The established model is then used to predict the behaviour of the underlying system and will be used in the future for the design and evaluation of various control strategies.

关键词： Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) quadriceps spinal cord injury (SCI)

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The effect of functional electrical stimulation (FES) on paraplegic muscle fatigue

The effect of functional electrical stimulation (FES) on par...

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2012 IEEE 8th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, CSPA 2012

作者： Jailani, R. Tokhi, M.O. Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA 40450 Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781467309615

Stimulation trains of different combination of frequency and pulse-width can be used to generate the muscle force required to perform a functional task during functional electrical stimulation (FES). However, with repetitive activation, the muscle will fatigue and an increase in either the frequency or the pulse-width of stimulation will be required to enable the targeted muscle force to be maintained. This study compares isometric performance and paraplegic muscle fatigue using two different protocols: protocol 1 uses 5 different stimulation frequencies varying from 10Hz to 50Hz with other parameters fixed;and protocol 2 uses 5 different stimulation pulse-widths varying from 200s to 400s with other parameters fixed. This range is selected based on a suitable frequency and a pulse width for paraplegic. Muscle performance is assessed by measuring percent decline in peak force and maximum muscle force for different stimulation frequencies and pulse-widths. A simple rule is introduced to avoid spasm or injury to the leg during FES application. The results from this study show that higher frequency gives faster muscle fatigue and the selection of force required to perform a functional task is important for obtaining the optimum stimulation parameters. Stimulation pulse-width has no significant effect on the muscle fatigue but highly affects the maximum muscle force. The rule proposed is important and is found to be useful to avoid leg injury, spasm or uncomfortable feeling during FES application. This rule also can be used to choose optimum stimulation parameters. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Muscle

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Development of hamstrings muscle model for paraplegic with Functional Electrical Stimulation

Development of hamstrings muscle model for paraplegic with F...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent systems Modelling and Simulation, ISMS 2012

ISBN: (纸本)9780769546681

This paper presents the development of paraplegic hamstrings muscle model with Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference system (ANFIS). A series of experiments using Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) with different stimulation frequencies, pulse width and pulse duration to investigate the impact on muscle output torque are conducted. The data that is obtained is used to develop the paraplegic hamstrings muscle model. 588 training data and 220 testing data set are used in the development of hamstrings muscle model. The ANFIS hamstrings muscle model is found to be the most accurate muscle model representing paraplegic hamstrings muscle model. The established model is then used to predict the behaviour of the underlying system and will be used in the future for the design and evaluation of various control strategies. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Muscle

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control of solar energy systems

Control of solar energy systems

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8th International Symposium on Advanced control of Chemical Processes, ADCHEM 2012

作者： Camacho, Eduardo F. Berenguel, Manuel Department of System Engineering and Automatic Control of Escuela Superior de Ingenieros University of Sevilla Spain Department of Languages and Computation University of Almeria Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823052

This work deals with the main control problems found in solar power systems and the solutions proposed in literature. The paper first describes the main solar power technologies, its development status and then describes the main challenges encountered when controlling solar power systems. While in other power generating processes, the main source of energy can be manipulated, in solar energy systems, the main source of power which is solar radiation cannot be manipulated and furthermore it changes in a seasonal and on a daily base acting as a disturbance when considering it from a control point of view. Solar plants have all the characteristics needed for using industrial electronics and advanced control strategies able to cope with changing dynamics, nonlinearities and uncertainties. © 2012 IFAC.

关键词： Model predictive control

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Evaluation of transmissibility for a class of nonlinear passive vibration isolators

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机械工程前沿 2012年第4期7卷 401-409页

作者： Z.K.PENG Z.Q.LANG G.MENG State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD UK

In this study, the concept of Output Frequency Response Functions (OFRFs) is applied to represent the transmissibility of nonlinear isolators in frequency domain. With the OFRFs estimated from numerical simulation responses, an explicit analytical relationship between the transmissibility and the nonlinear characteristic parameters is derived for a wide class of nonlinear isolators that have nonlinear anti-symmetric damping characteristics and a comprehensive pattern about how the nonlinear damping characteristic parameters might affect the force and displacement transmissibility is built for the vibration isolators. The results reveal that it is reasonable to analyze the force and displacement transmissibility of the nonlinear isolators by simply investigating the fundamental harmonic components of the force and displacement outputs of the nonlinear isolators, and the introduction of a nonlinear anti-symmetric damping into vibration isolators can significantly suppress both the force and displacement transmissibility over the resonant frequency region, but has almost no effect on the transmissibility at non-resonant regions. These conclusions are of significant importance in the analysis and design of the nonlinear vibration isolators with nonlinear anti-symmetric damping.

关键词： nonlinear vibration volterra series Output Frequency Response Functions (OFRFs) nonlinear damping vibration isolator

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Modeling of MicroSource for Microgrid during Island Operation

Modeling of MicroSource for Microgrid during Island Operatio...

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International Conference on Communications, Computing and control Applications (CCCA)

作者： J. Salazar F. Tadeo C. de Prada Department of System Engineering and automatic control University of Valladolid Spain

This paper describes the control strategies to be adopted for the operation of a MicroGrid when it operates isolated from the main grid (that is, in Islanded Operation). The MicroGrids studied here comprise a variety of inverter-interfaced distributed energy sources (typically, photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines and diesel generators), together with energy storage devices (batteries) and controllable loads. Some simulation results obtained with the presented control scheme are presented.

关键词： Inverters Batteries Microgrids Frequency control Voltage control Reactive power Couplings

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A comparative study for advanced seismic vibration control algorithms

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical engineering 2012年第4期74卷 3-16页

作者： PǍtraşcu, Monica Dumitrache, Ioan PǍtruţ, Petre Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers University Politehnica of Bucharest Romania Automatic Control and System Engineering University Politehnica of Bucharest Romania Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest Romania

This paper presents a comparative study for seismic vibration control algorithms. While the controlled object is nonlinear, has multiple inputs and multiple outputs, often with multiple degrees of freedom, a high importance in control comes to actuator choice and design. This paper studies two types of actuators for seismic control, with various control algorithms and under various seismic disturbances. The authors show the superiority of advanced control algorithms. Copyright © 2009 Universitatea Politehnica Bucuresti.

关键词： Fuzzy control

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Impulse response estimation with binary measurements: A regularized FIR model approach

Impulse response estimation with binary measurements: A regu...

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Universite Libre de Bruxelles

作者： Chen, Tianshi Zhao, Yanlong Ljung, Lennart Division of Automatic Control Department of Electrical Engineering Linköping University Linköping Sweden Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Institute of Systems Science Academy of Mathematics and System Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823069

FIR (finite impulse response) model is widely used in tackling the problem of the impulse response estimation with quantized measurements. Its use is, however, limited, in the case when a high order FIR model is required to capture a slowly decaying impulse response. This is because the high variance for high order FIR models would override the low bias and thus lead to large MSE (mean square error). In this contribution, we apply the recently introduced regularized FIR model approach to the problem of the impulse response estimation with binary measurements. We show by Monte Carlo simulations that the proposed approach can yield both better accuracy and better robustness than a recently introduced FIR model based approach. © 2012 IFAC.

关键词： Impulse response

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Design and real-time implementation of a fuzzy logic control system for a two-wheeled robot

Design and real-time implementation of a fuzzy logic control...

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International Conference on Methods and Models in Automation and Robotics (MMAR)

作者： O. K. Sayidmarie M. O. Tokhi A. M. Almeshal S. A. Agouri Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UK

In this paper, fuzzy logic controller is designed for balancing a two-wheeled inverted pendulum robot prototype considering the tilt angle as feedback. Tilt angle sensing error is reduced by adopting a sensor fusion technique. The controller is implemented on an AVR 8-bit microcontroller. The Fuzzy rules are coded and stored in the microcontroller memory. The experimental results show that the robot has the ability to balance during its movement.

关键词： Robot sensing systems Fuzzy logic Microcontrollers Mobile robots Accelerometers Gyroscopes

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Local measurement of harmonics through a sensor network based on TinyOS

Local measurement of harmonics through a sensor network base...

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： José Antonio Tarifa Juan Manuel Escaño Miguel Ángel Molina Carlos Bordons Department of System Engineering and Automatic Control University of Seville Seville Spain

This paper describes an application in home automation based on wireless sensor network for monitoring of an electrical network in the consumption and quality of supply energy. The system allows scalability and flexibility with low cost. When installing sensors in each plug, it is possible to draw a map of the building to see areas where there is greater demand for electricity as well as places where there is too much distortion. Gateway is configured for the IEEE 802.15.4 to IEEE 802.3 and MATLAB was used to monitor data. The calculations of power and harmonic distortion are performed on each sensor.

关键词： Logic gates Protocols Harmonic analysis Discrete Fourier transforms Monitoring MATLAB

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