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International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for engineering Applications, ACTEA

作者： Roy Abi Zeid Daou Jad Beaino Johnny Hawat Ramy Ibrahim Ali Hayek Josef Boercsoek Jose Javier Serrano Olmedo Mechatronics department Faculty of Engineering Université La Sagesse Beirut Lebanon MART Learning Education and Research Center Chananir Lebanon Department Lippstadt 2 Hardware Engineering University of Applied Science Hamm-Lippstadt Hamm Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming Faculty of Electrical Engineering/Computer Science University of Kassel Germany Lab of Bioinstrumentation and Nanomedicine Centro de Tecnología Biomédica Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Spain

Visually impaired people encounter several challenges in their mobility and navigation. Their daily activities are obstructed due to their inability to adapt or recognize accurately their surroundings, especially outside their house which they are more familiar with. Thus, it becomes the main reason of accidents, falling off, getting lost in unknown areas, etc. Furthermore, one of the sensory systems that helps the body to process data about the external environment is the visual system. Blind people also lose touch with the outside world, develops poor motor habits, which results in postural problems as a result. This project will assist visually impaired people in their daily life and simplify normal tasks through a system combining two previously designed projects, “Smart Shoes for Blind and Visually Impaired People”, and “Human posture monitoring device”. The multifunctional system is developed with the goal of securing safe movements for visually impaired people as well as maintaining a good back posture by detecting leaning postures (LP). The purpose of the smart shoe is to identify obstacles and protect the user from unintended accidents. A compatible Android application has been developed to alert the user when there is an obstruction or when he is walking on a wet surface. Voice alarms will be used to acoustically alert the user. If the user collapses, a message with their position will be sent right away to a relative. On the other hand, the smart vest will identify the position of the user's back and alert him to maintain a straight posture through the same application as well. As the system is dealing with human health, some safety measurements would be taken into consideration to implement a safe electrical system in order to reduce error and to increase accuracy.

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Strike a Balance in Continual Panoptic Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Jinpeng Cong, Runmin Luo, Yuxuan Ip, Horace Ho Shing Kwong, Sam Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong Jinan China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Shandong Jinan China Centre for Innovative Applications of Internet and Multimedia Technologies City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Lingnan University Hong Kong

This study explores the emerging area of continual panoptic segmentation, highlighting three key balances. First, we introduce past-class backtrace distillation to balance the stability of existing knowledge with the adaptability to new information. This technique retraces the features associated with past classes based on the final label assignment results, performing knowledge distillation targeting these specific features from the previous model while allowing other features to flexibly adapt to new information. Additionally, we introduce a class-proportional memory strategy, which aligns the class distribution in the replay sample set with that of the historical training data. This strategy maintains a balanced class representation during replay, enhancing the utility of the limited-capacity replay sample set in recalling prior classes. Moreover, recognizing that replay samples are annotated only for the classes of their original step, we devise balanced anti-misguidance losses, which combat the impact of incomplete annotations without incurring classification bias. Building upon these innovations, we present a new method named Balanced Continual Panoptic Segmentation (BalConpas). Our evaluation on the challenging ADE20K dataset demonstrates its superior performance compared to existing state-of-the-art methods. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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On the Approximation of the Quotient of Two Gaussian Densities for Multiple-Model Smoothing

On the Approximation of the Quotient of Two Gaussian Densiti...

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Yi Liu Xi Li Le Yang Lyudmila Mihaylova Yanbo Xue Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch NZ State Key Lab of Complex Electromagnetic Environment Effects on Electronics and Information Systems National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UK Career Science Lab Beijing China

The quotient of two multivariate Gaussian densities can be written as an unnormalized Gaussian density, which has been applied in some recently developed multiple-model fixed-interval smoothing algorithms. However, this expression is invalid if instead of being positive definite, the covariance of the unnormalized Gaussian density is indefinite (i.e., it has both positive and negative eigenvalues) or undefined (i.e., computing it requires inverting a singular matrix). This paper considers approximating the quotient of two Gaussian densities in this case using two different approaches to mitigate the caused numerical problems. The first approach directly replaces the indefinite covariance of the unnormalized Gaussian density with a positive definite matrix nearest to it. The second approach computes the approximation through solving, using the natural gradient, an optimization problem with a Kullback-Leibler divergence-based cost function. This paper illustrates the application of the theoretical results by incorporating them into an existing smoothing method for jump Markov systems and utilizing the obtained smoothers to track a maneuvering target.

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Attention-Driven Graph Convolutional Networks for Deadline-Constrained Virtual Machine Task Allocation in Edge Computing

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Ali, Ahmad Ullah, Inam Singh, Sushil Kumar Jiang, Weiwei Alturise, Fahad Bai, Xiaoshan Shenzhen University College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen518060 China Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen518060 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Qassim University College of Computer Department of Cybersecurity Buraydah Saudi Arabia

Effective load balancing is critical in contemporary mobile computing environments to ensure optimal resource utilization and adherence to strict deadlines. This study presents a novel framework for deadline-constrained load balancing, termed DCLD-net, which leverages the integration of Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) and an attention-based Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU). The proposed framework utilizes the spatial modeling capabilities of GCNs to capture intricate network topologies, while the temporal dynamics and attention mechanisms of BiGRU enable the identification of critical patterns in traffic flow data. By incorporating key factors such as sticky sessions, load distribution, content-based factors such as videos or file downloads, instance health checks, and other relevant parameters, the DCLD-net model achieves high accuracy in predicting task schedules. These schedules allocate tasks to virtual machines (VMs), enabling dynamic traffic routing through a load balancer that efficiently assigns tasks. Extensive experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposed attention-based BiGRU-GCN model significantly outperforms traditional methods in both deadline compliance and load balancing efficiency, offering a robust solution to the challenges of modern cloud computing. Experimental results demonstrate that DCLD-net outperforms traditional methods by 27% in deadline compliance and 29.3% in load balancing efficiency. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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Memory-Based Contrastive Learning with Optimized Sampling for Incremental Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation

Memory-Based Contrastive Learning with Optimized Sampling fo...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： Yuxuan Zhang Miaojing Shi Taiyi Su Hanli Wang Department of Computer Science & Technology Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China Key Laboratory of Embedded System & Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China Department of Control Science & Engineering Tongji University Shanghai P. R. China

ISBN: (数字)9798350330991

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331004

Incremental few-shot semantic segmentation (IFSS) aims to incrementally expand a semantic segmentation model’s ability to identify new classes based on few samples. However, it grapples with the dual challenges of catastrophic forgetting (due to feature drift in old classes) and overfitting (triggered by inadequate samples in new classes). To address these issues, a novel approach is proposed to integrate pixel-wise and region-wise contrastive learning, complemented by an optimized example and anchor sampling strategy. The proposed method incorporates a region memory and pixel memory designed to explore the high-dimensional embedding space more effectively. The memory, retaining the feature embeddings of known classes, facilitates the calibration and alignment of seen class features during the learning process of new classes. To further mitigate overfitting, the proposed approach implements an optimized example and anchor sampling strategy. Extensive experiments show the competitive performance of the proposed method. The source code of this work can be found in https://***.

关键词： Circuits and systems Semantic segmentation Source coding Semantics Calibration

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Speaker's Emotions Recognition Module Based on the GoogleLeNet Neural Network

Speaker's Emotions Recognition Module Based on the GoogleLeN...

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2022 International Conference on Smart Information systems and Technologies, SIST 2022

作者： Tereikovskyi, Ihor Tereikovska, Liudmyla Kryvoruchko, Olena Tereikovskyi, Oleh Tyshchenko, Dmytro Franchuk, Tamara National Technical University Of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Dept. Of System Programming And Specialized Computer Systems Kyiv Ukraine Kyiv National University Of Construction And Architecture Dept. Of Information Technology For Design And Applied Mathematics Kyiv Ukraine Kyiv National University Of Trade And Economics Dept. Of Software Engineering And Cyber Security Kyiv Ukraine National Technical University Of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Dept. Of Department Of Computer Engineering Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (数字)9781665467902

ISBN: (纸本)9781665467902

The article is devoted to the development of means for recognition of the emotions of the speaker, based on the neural network analysis of fixed fragments of the voice signal. The possibility of improving recognition tools through the use of a convolutional neural network of the GoogLeNet type is shown. The expediency of training the network on the examples of the TESS database is determined. A procedure for representing a voice signal in the form of a square grayscale image has been developed. Based on the use of the specified database, the modification of the GoogLeNet network was carried out. The architecture and software implementation of the recognition module have been developed. With the help of computer experiments, it has been established that after 150 epochs of training on a fairly limited training sample, the modified GoogLeNet makes it possible to achieve an accuracy of recognition of the speaker's emotions of approximately 0.97 on test examples. The obtained accuracy is comparable to the accuracy of the best modern systems of this purpose and confirms the promise of using neural network models like GoogLeNet for emotion recognition based on voice signal analysis. The need for further research aimed at reducing the resource intensity of the neural network model is shown. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Predictor-Based Constrained Fixed-Time Sliding Mode control of Multi-Uav Formation Flight

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Khodaverdian, Maria Hajshirmohamadi, Shahram Hakobyan, Aleksandr Ijaz, Salman Center for Scientific Innovation and Education Aerial Robotics Laboratory of National Polytechnic University of Armenia Yerevan Armenia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Key Laboratory of More Electric Aircraft and Control System Lab University of Nottingham Ningbo China

In this work, a predictor-based fixed-time sliding mode control is designed to tackle the problem of achieving precise trajectory tracking control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles formation flight. The proposed approach simultaneously addresses various practical requirements, such as optimality, constraints, fixed-time convergence, external interferences, and computational ***, a constrained performance index is constructed based on the prediction of the fixed-time sliding surface, the reaching law, and the control input. Secondly, optimal control input is calculated by solving the constrained quadratic optimization problem. An outstanding feature of this study is the theoretical guarantee of closed-loop system stability in the presence of external disturbances and ***, the comparative evaluation with sliding mode predictive control law and fixed-time sliding mode control methods demonstrates that the proposed approach achieves a straightforward control method with improved performance and acceptable accuracy. Finally, a test is conducted to demonstrate the algorithm's potential for hardware implementation by employing Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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CTMQ: Cyclic Training of Convolutional Neural Networks with Multiple Quantization Steps

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kim, HyunJin Shin, Jungwoo Del Barrio, Alberto A. School of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dankook University 152 Jukjeon-ro Suji-gu Gyeonggi-do Yongin-si Korea Republic of Department of Computer Architecture and System Engineering Complutense University of Madrid Madrid Spain

This paper proposes a training method having multiple cyclic training for achieving enhanced performance in low-bit quantized convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Quantization is a popular method for obtaining lightweight CNNs, where the initialization with a pretrained model is widely used to overcome degraded performance in low-resolution quantization. However, large quantization errors between real values and their low-bit quantized ones cause difficulties in achieving acceptable performance for complex networks and large datasets. The proposed training method softly delivers the knowledge of pretrained models to low-bit quantized models in multiple quantization steps. In each quantization step, the trained weights of a model are used to initialize the weights of the next model with the quantization bit depth reduced by one. With small change of the quantization bit depth, the performance gap can be bridged, thus providing better weight initialization. In cyclic training, after training a low-bit quantized model, its trained weights are used in the initialization of its accurate model to be trained. By using better training ability of the accurate model in an iterative manner, the proposed method can produce enhanced trained weights for the low-bit quantized model in each cycle. Notably, the training method can advance Top-1 and Top-5 accuracies of the binarized ResNet-18 on the ImageNet dataset by 5.80% and 6.85%, respectively. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Large dataset

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Identification of Clinical Features Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients

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Operations Research Forum 2023年第1期4卷 16页

作者： Eskandarian, Rahimeh Alizadehsani, Roohallah Behjati, Mohaddeseh Zahmatkesh, Mehrdad Sani, Zahra Alizadeh Haddadi, Azadeh Kakhi, Kourosh Roshanzamir, Mohamad Shoeibi, Afshin Hussain, Sadiq Khozeimeh, Fahime Darbandy, Mohammad Tayarani Joloudari, Javad Hassannataj Lashgari, Reza Khosravi, Abbas Nahavandi, Saeid Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Internal Medicine Research Center Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran Institute for Intelligent Systems Research and Innovation (IISRI) Deakin University Victoria Australia Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Omid Hospital Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Biology Faculty of Basic Sciences Shahrekord Branch Islamic Azad University Shahrekord Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fasa University Fasa 74617-81189 Iran Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Granada Spain System Administrator Dibrugarh University Assam 786004 India School of Architecture Islamic Azad University Taft Taft *** Iran Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Birjand Birjand Iran Department of Computer Engineering Amol Institute of Higher Education Amol Iran Institute of Medical Science and Technology Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard Paulson Harvard University Allston 02134 MA United States Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University Geelong 3220 VIC Australia Cardiovascular Division The George Institute for Global Health Newtown Australia Sydney Medical School University of Sydney Camperdown Australia

Understanding clinical features and risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality is needed to early identify critically ill patients, initiate treatments and prevent mortality. A retrospective study on COVID-19 patients referred to a tertiary hospital in Iran between March and November 2020 was conducted. COVID-19-related mortality and its association with clinical features including headache, chest pain, symptoms on computerized tomography (CT), hospitalization, time to infection, history of neurological disorders, having a single or multiple risk factors, fever, myalgia, dizziness, seizure, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and anorexia were investigated. Based on the investigation outcome, decision tree and dimension reduction algorithms were used to identify the aforementioned risk factors. Of the 3008 patients (mean age 59.3 ± 18.7 years, 44% women) with COVID-19, 373 died. There was a significant association between COVID-19 mortality and old age, headache, chest pain, low respiratory rate, oxygen saturation < 93%, need for a mechanical ventilator, having symptoms on CT, hospitalization, time to infection, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases and having a risk factor or multiple risk factors. In contrast, there was no significant association between mortality and gender, fever, myalgia, dizziness, seizure, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and anorexia. Our results might help identify early symptoms related to COVID-19 and better manage patients according to the extracted decision tree. The proposed ML models identified a number of clinical features and risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. These models if implemented in a clinical setting might help to early identify patients needing medical attention and care. However, more studies are needed to confirm these findings. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： COVID‐19 Machine learning Mortality Risk factors Symptoms

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Electrification of Transportation: Policy Framework, Technical Aspects and Challenges in Pakistan - A Case Study

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e-Prime - Advances in Electrical engineering, Electronics and Energy 2024年 10卷

作者： Masood, Arsalan Hassan, Syed Zulqadar Kamal, Tariq Khan, Salman Rizvi, Syed Asad Abbas Salman, Salman Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture University of Sialkot Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information Technology and Computer Science University of Central Pubjab Lahore Pakistan School of Technology and Innovations Electrical Engineering University of Vaasa Vaasa Finland Department of Electrical Power Engineering and Mechatronics Tallinn University of Technology Estonia State Key Lab. for Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources (North China Electric Power University) Beijing China Department of Electrical Engineering Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology Balochistan Khuzdar Pakistan

Pakistan faces severe air pollution and high dependency on imported fossil fuels for transportation, urgently needing solutions. Electrification of transportation could address these issues, but Pakistan lacks a clear roadmap for adopting electric vehicles. This paper examines the electrification of transportation in Pakistan, focusing on policies, technical aspects, and standards. It looks at best practices from developed countries and discusses incentives offered by the Pakistani government to boost electric vehicle adoption. The study also explores challenges and opportunities in adopting electric vehicles within existing power systems. A SWOT analysis is included, highlighting strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats related to electric vehicle policies and market integration in Pakistan. By reviewing these factors, the paper provides insights into the obstacles and potential benefits of electric vehicle adoption. It also suggests ways for developing nations like Pakistan to encourage widespread use of electric vehicles, aiming to reduce fossil fuel dependency and meet environmental goals. © 2024

关键词： Electric transportation Electric vehicles Key challenges Policy SWOT analysis

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