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Hearing loss prevalence and years lived with disability, 1990-2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet 2021年第10278期397卷 996-1009页

作者： Haile, Lydia M. Kamenov, Kaloyan Briant, Paul Svitil Orji, Aislyn U. Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Abdoli, Amir Abdollahi, Mohammad Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Afshin, Ashkan Ahmed, Haroon Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Akalu, Yonas Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al Hamad, Hanadi Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Amu, Hubert Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Arulappan, Judie Ashbaugh, Charlie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Banik, Palash Chandra Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barrow, Amadou Bender, Rose G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Burkart, Katrin Cederroth, Christopher R. Charan, Jaykaran Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Desalew, Assefa Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal, Meghnath Doyle, Kerrie E. Duncan, Bruce B. Ekholuenetale, Michael Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Franklin, Richard Charles Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Shilpa Gallus, Silvano Ghamari, Farhad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Ghozali, Ghozali Gilani, Syed Amir Glǎvan, Ionela-Roxana Golechha, Mahaveer Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Hamidi, Samer Hammond, Billy Randall Hay, Simon I. Hayat, Khezar Heidari, Golnaz Hoffman, Howard J. Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Househ, Mowafa Hussain, Rabia Hwang, Bing-Fang Iavicoli, Ivo Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Iwagami, Masao Jacob, Louis Jayapal, Sathish Kumar Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B. Kalhor, Rohollah Al-Salihi, Nawzad Kameran Kandel, Himal Kasa, Ayele Semachew Kayode, Gbenga A. Khalilov, Rovshan Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli Kosen, Soewarta Koyanagi, Ai Kumar, G. Anil Landires, Ivan Lasrado, Savita Lim, Stephen S. Liu, Xuefeng Lobo, Stany W. Lugo, Alessandra Makki, Alaa Mendoza, Walter Mersha, Amanual Getnet Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Noncommunicable Diseases World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva Switzerland Department of Parasitology and Mycology Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Biosciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Kurdistan Hewler Erbil Iraq Department of Medical Physiology University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia Health Information Management and Technology Department Dammam Saudi Arabia Geriatric and Long Term Care Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Rumailah Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biological Sciences National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan Health Management and Economics Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Community Medicine King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Social Determinants of Health Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran Department of Maternal and Child Health Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Department of Health System and Health Economics Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Department of Pharmacy University of Huddersfield Huddersfield United Kingdom Unit of Biochemistry Universiti

Background: Hearing loss affects access to spoken language, which can affect cognition and development, and can negatively affect social wellbeing. We present updated estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study on the prevalence of hearing loss in 2019, as well as the condition's associated disability. Methods: We did systematic reviews of population-representative surveys on hearing loss prevalence from 1990 to 2019. We fitted nested meta-regression models for severity-specific prevalence, accounting for hearing aid coverage, cause, and the presence of tinnitus. We also forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss until 2050. Findings: An estimated 1·57 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·51–1·64) people globally had hearing loss in 2019, accounting for one in five people (20·3% [19·5–21·1]). Of these, 403·3 million (357·3–449·5) people had hearing loss that was moderate or higher in severity after adjusting for hearing aid use, and 430·4 million (381·7–479·6) without adjustment. The largest number of people with moderate-to-complete hearing loss resided in the Western Pacific region (127·1 million people [112·3–142·6]). Of all people with a hearing impairment, 62·1% (60·2–63·9) were older than 50 years. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index explained 65·8% of the variation in national age-standardised rates of years lived with disability, because countries with a low HAQ Index had higher rates of years lived with disability. By 2050, a projected 2·45 billion (2·35–2·56) people will have hearing loss, a 56·1% (47·3–65·2) increase from 2019, despite stable age-standardised prevalence. Interpretation: As populations age, the number of people with hearing loss will increase. Interventions such as childhood screening, hearing aids, effective management of otitis media and meningitis, and cochlear implants have the potential to ameliorate this burden. Because the burden of moderate-to-complete hearing loss is concentrated in countries with low health-ca

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arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Jiashuo Zhou, Sili Wei, Wendong Qi, Jianchuan Li, Yumeng Chen, Bin Zhang, Ning Guan, Dabo Qian, Haoqi Wu, Xiaohui Miao, Jiawen Chen, Long Liang, Sai Feng, Kuishuang Institute of Blue and Green Development Shandong University Weihai264209 State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Laboratory of Anthropogenic Systems Ecology College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100871 China Institute for Global Public Policy Fudan University Shanghai200433 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science Ministry of Education School of Geographic Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai200241 China

China has implemented retrofitting measures in coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) to reduce air pollution through small unit shutdown (SUS), the installation of air pollution control devices (APCDs) and power generation efficiency (PGE) improvement. The reductions in highly toxic Hg emissions and their related health impacts by these measures have not been well studied. To refine mitigation options, we evaluated the health benefits of reduced Hg emissions via retrofitting measures during China's 12th Five-Year Plan by combining plant-level Hg emission inventories with the China Hg Risk Source-Tracking Model. We found that the measures reduced Hg emissions by 23.5 tons (approximately 1/5 of that from CFPPs in 2010), preventing 0.0021 points of per-foetus intelligence quotient (IQ) decrements and 114 deaths from fatal heart attacks. These benefits were dominated by CFPP shutdowns and APCD installations. Provincial health benefits were largely attributable to Hg reductions in other regions. We also demonstrated the necessity of considering human health impacts, rather than just Hg emission reductions, in selecting Hg control devices. This study also suggests that Hg control strategies should consider various factors, such as CFPP locations, population densities and trade-offs between reductions of total Hg (THg) and Hg2+. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fossil fuel power plants

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A joint learning and communications framework for federated learning over wireless networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Chen, Mingzhe Yang, Zhaohui Saad, Walid Yin, Changchuan Vincent Poor, H. Cui, Shuguang Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Centre for Telecommunications Research Department of Informatics King's College London WC2B 4BG United Kingdom Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24060 United States Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data School of Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China

In this paper, the problem of training federated learning (FL) algorithms over a realistic wireless network is studied. In particular, in the considered model, wireless users execute an FL algorithm while training their local FL models using their own data and transmitting the trained local FL models to a base station (BS) that will generate a global FL model and send it back to the users. Since all training parameters are transmitted over wireless links, the quality of the training will be affected by wireless factors such as packet errors and the availability of wireless resources. Meanwhile, due to the limited wireless bandwidth, the BS must select an appropriate subset of users to execute the FL algorithm so as to build a global FL model accurately. This joint learning, wireless resource allocation, and user selection problem is formulated as an optimization problem whose goal is to minimize an FL loss function that captures the performance of the FL algorithm. To address this problem, a closed-form expression for the expected convergence rate of the FL algorithm is first derived to quantify the impact of wireless factors on FL. Then, based on the expected convergence rate of the FL algorithm, the optimal transmit power for each user is derived, under a given user selection and uplink resource block (RB) allocation scheme. Finally, the user selection and uplink RB allocation is optimized so as to minimize the FL loss function. Simulation results show that the proposed joint federated learning and communication framework can reduce the FL loss function value by up to 10% and 16%, respectively, compared to: 1) An optimal user selection algorithm with random resource allocation and 2) a standard FL algorithm with random user selection and resource allocation. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Learning algorithms

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Self-adaptation of chimera states

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Physical Review E 2019年第1期99卷 010201(R)-010201(R)页

作者： Nan Yao Zi-Gang Huang Hai-Peng Ren Celso Grebogi Ying-Cheng Lai Department of Applied Physics Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an 710048 China The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices The Key Laboratory of Neuro-informatics & Rehabilitation Engineering of Ministry of Civil Affairs and Institute of Health and Rehabilitation Science School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Information Processing Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an 710048 China Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology King's College University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UE United Kingdom School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA

Chimera states in spatiotemporal dynamical systems have been investigated in physical, chemical, and biological systems, and have been shown to be robust against random perturbations. How do chimera states achieve their robustness? We uncover a self-adaptation behavior by which, upon a spatially localized perturbation, the coherent component of the chimera state spontaneously drifts to an optimal location as far away from the perturbation as possible, exposing only its incoherent component to the perturbation to minimize the disturbance. A systematic numerical analysis of the evolution of the spatiotemporal pattern of the chimera state towards the optimal stable state reveals an exponential relaxation process independent of the spatial location of the perturbation, implying that its effects can be modeled as restoring and damping forces in a mechanical system and enabling the articulation of a phenomenological model. Not only is the model able to reproduce the numerical results, it can also predict the trajectory of drifting. Our finding is striking as it reveals that, inherently, chimera states possess a kind of “intelligence” in achieving robustness through self-adaptation. The behavior can be exploited for the controlled generation of chimera states with their coherent component placed in any desired spatial region of the system.

关键词： Chimera states Collective dynamics Coupled oscillators Chaos & nonlinear dynamics

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Blind users' assistive technology based on the Android platform

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International Journal of Innovative Computing and Applications 2017年第3期8卷 162-171页

作者： Al-Nabulsi, Jamal Ma'touq, Jumana Abdallah, Emad E. Haloubi, Tarek Manasra, Ali Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Hashemite University Jordan Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman19328 Jordan Institute of Automatic Control Leibniz Universität Hannover Germany Department of Computer Information System Faculty of Information Technology Hashemite University Jordan Biomedical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Al-Ahliyya Amman University Jordan

Because of the wide use of smartphones in our daily activities, a wide range of mobile applications have been developed to serve as assistive technologies. However, there is a lack of applications in the Arabic language to assist disabled people. The main aim of this paper is to build a simple yet accurate Arabic language application that is capable of helping blind users in real-Time. In the proposed technology, the blind user captures a photo and records his/her voice inquiry. The query is instantly sent with the captured photo to a set of volunteers. The volunteers answer the blind user enquiries and send the answers back. Fifteen visually impaired persons and ten volunteers were used in the experimental testing. The scenarios were carefully created based on realistic situations. The subjects were then asked to answer a questionnaire to test if their queries were answered effectively and efficiently. The early results are promising because all blind users found the proposed technology useful and 80% of them wanted to use it on a daily basis. In addition, all volunteers found the application easy to use with clear instructions and 80% of them were excited about using it to assist blind users. Copyright © 2017 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Mobile computing

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Preventive Soot Blowing Strategy based on State of Health Prediction for Coal-fired Power Plant Boiler

Preventive Soot Blowing Strategy based on State of Health Pr...

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第37届中国控制会议

作者： Yuanhao Shi Jie Wen Xiaoqiong Pang Jianfang Jia Fangshu Cui Jianchao Zeng Jingcheng Wang North University of China School of Electrical and Control Engineering North University of China School of Computer Science and Technology North University of ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automationand Key Laboratory of System Control and Information ProcessingMinistry of Education of China

This paper seeks the optimization of soot-blowing operations for heat transfer surfaces in coal-fired power plant boiler.A preventive soot blowing strategy based on state of health prediction for heat transfer surface was *** average state of health of heat transfer surface was forecasted as the threshold to draft preventive soot blowing *** to the theory of renewal process,an optimization model with the system prediction interval and the threshold of preventive soot blowing operation as the optimization variables and minimize average energy losses as the target function was *** using Particle Swarm Optimization（PSO）,the optimal preventive cycle and soot-blowing threshold were obtained,and the long-run average cost rate was the *** model is validated with experiment data of a 300 MW coal-fired power plant boiler and the parameters of prediction model are *** results can verify the feasibility of proposed *** can be used as the guide for the optimization of soot blowing in coal-fired power plant to improve the energy conservation level.

关键词： Coal-fired Boiler Heat Transfer Surface Soot-blowing State of Health（SOH） Prediction

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Semi-Global Output Containment control of Linear Multi-agent systems with Actuator Saturation

Semi-Global Output Containment Control of Linear Multi-agent...

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第37届中国控制会议

作者： Liangren Shi Zongli Lin Student Innovation Center and Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong Universityand Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of the Ministry of Education Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia

In this paper, we study the semi-global output containment control problem of a multi-agent system in the presence of actuator saturation over a directed network. The leader and follower agents are of different dynamics, and the follower agents are affected by disturbances generated by the leader agents through directed paths in the communication topology. The control objective of the output containment control is to drive the output trajectories of the follower agents to converge to the convex hull spanned by the outputs of the leader agents in the presence of disturbances. Low gain feedback containment protocols are constructed based on the output regulation approach and distributed observers. It is shown that semi-global output containment control can be achieved by the proposed protocols, if each follower agent is connected to at least one leader agent through a directed path in the communication topology. Simulation results verify the theoretical conclusions.

关键词： Multi-agent systems output containment control output regulation low gain feedback actuator saturation

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Event-Triggered Global Leader-Following Consensus for Multi-agent systems with Bounded controls 36

Event-Triggered Global Leader-Following Consensus for Multi-...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： Yijing Xie Zongli Lin Department of Automation and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of the Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong University Charles L.Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

This paper studies the global leader-following consensus problem for a multi-agent system using event-triggered bounded *** the follower agents and the leader agent are described by a chain of integrators of an arbitrary *** event-triggered control law is constructed for each follower agent and an event-triggering strategy is designed for updating the control *** event-triggered control laws are shown to achieve global leader-following consensus when the communication topology among the follower agents is connected and the leader is a neighbor of at least one follower *** absence of the Zeno behavior is established.A self-triggering strategy is also proposed to avoid continuous verification of the triggering *** results are given to illustrate the theoretical results.

关键词： Multi-agent systems event-triggered control self-triggering strategy bounded controls leader-following consensus

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Regional Leader-following Consensus of Multi-agent systems with Saturating Actuators 36

Regional Leader-following Consensus of Multi-agent Systems w...

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第36届中国控制会议

作者： Yuanlong Li Zongli Lin Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong Universityand Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Charles L.Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629185

For a linear system that has a pole in the open right-half plane and is subject to actuator saturation,global asymptotically stabilization cannot be *** a result,a multi-agent system containing such an actuator saturating agent can only reach regional consensus,that is,consensus can be achieved only when the initial state of each agent resides in a region of the state *** region of all these initial states is referred to as the domain of *** general,the domain of consensus cannot be exactly *** this paper,we consider the problem of estimating the domain of consensus of a multi-agent system with an agent subject to actuator saturation.A set of necessary and sufficient conditions under which an ellipsoidal set can be used as an estimate of the domain of consensus are *** on these conditions,an LMI-based optimization problem is formulated for obtaining the largest ellipsoidal estimate of the domain of *** results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and show the relationship between the size of the largest ellipsoidal estimate and the communication topology of the multi-agent system.

关键词： Multi-agent systems actuator saturation regional consensus domain of consensus

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A linear solution method of generalized robust chance constrained real-time dispatch

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Zhou, Anping Yang, Ming Wang, Zhaoyu Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control Shandong University Jinan Shandong250061 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States

In this letter, a novel solution method of generalized robust chance constrained real-time dispatch (GRCC-RTD) considering wind power uncertainty is proposed. GRCC models are advantageous in dealing with distributional uncertainty, however, they are difficult to solve because of the complex ambiguity set. By constructing traceable counterparts of the robust chance constraints and using the reformulation linearization technique, the model is equivalently transformed into a deterministic linear programming problem, which can be solved efficiently by offthe-shelf solvers. Numerical results verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the approach. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind power

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