This current work presents a proposal of a method for anatomical prosthesis modelling in order to generate the geometric parameters for the implants manufacturing. The concept of this proposed method is to fill the sk...
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This current work presents a proposal of a method for anatomical prosthesis modelling in order to generate the geometric parameters for the implants manufacturing. The concept of this proposed method is to fill the skull bone failure with the individual own skull shape by symmetric mirroring, from its non-affected opposed bone area. By using its own shape our main goal is to respect and preserve the individual morphology. A software prototype was developed as a plug-in at the Java based image processor (ImageJ) in order to generate a virtual 3D modelled anatomical prosthesis by applying all the proposed procedures. We apply the method upon a lateral skull failure as study case in order to demonstrate all the process and to discuss the evaluation of results.
Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalen...
Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. Methods: We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression—Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100 000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68–4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117–223) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49–17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73–17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22–9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81–8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Am
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of ...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting system (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided
This paper presents link prediction of Linked Open Data (LOD) by Multiple Label Propagation Algorithm (MLPA). The current LOD do not have enough links. Therefore, the LOD have not been able to exert so much semantic c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509023349
This paper presents link prediction of Linked Open Data (LOD) by Multiple Label Propagation Algorithm (MLPA). The current LOD do not have enough links. Therefore, the LOD have not been able to exert so much semantic characteristics. In order to solve this problem, we proposed the MLPA considering semantic distance. The MLPA can expand potential links of each data contained in the LOD. The experimental result of the MLPA shows the good performance and the validity of this algorithm is confirmed.
Screw rotors of a twin screw compressor often deform and interfere due to the cyclic gas pressure and working temperature, which lead to noise, vibration and abrasion of the screw rotors. Therefore, this paper propose...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789860460988
Screw rotors of a twin screw compressor often deform and interfere due to the cyclic gas pressure and working temperature, which lead to noise, vibration and abrasion of the screw rotors. Therefore, this paper proposed a simplified CAE (Computer Aided engineering) method instead of the past massive and complex CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method to simulate and estimate reasonably the screw rotor load and deformation with considering the gas pressure and working temperature applied on its operating process. The analysis results could provide the possible maximum rotor deformation and cyclic load acting on the rotors for design consideration.
A series of W-Al nanolayer coatings were deposited with varying content of aluminum from 0 at.% to 65 at.% by a unbalanced magnetron (UBM) sputtering system. The as-deposited coatings were investigated first. Then, th...
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the genome protective effects of anti-malaria drug,artesunate in an experimental allergic asthma *** Mice were sensitized on day 0 and 7 and challenged on day 14 with 100μg house dust mite(HD...
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the genome protective effects of anti-malaria drug,artesunate in an experimental allergic asthma *** Mice were sensitized on day 0 and 7 and challenged on day 14 with 100μg house dust mite(HDM)via intratracheal ***(30mg·kg-1)was administered intra-peritoneally on day 6,7,8,13,14 and *** were collected on day 1,3 and 5 post last HDM-challenge for analysis of air way inflammation and DNA *** sections were immunofluorescence(IF)-stained for DNA double strand breaks(DSBs)markers,γH2AX and *** of DNA repair proteins Ku70 and Rad51,which are involved in non-homologous end joining(NHEJ)and homologous recombination(HR)DNA DSB repair pathways respectively,were *** quantify cell death in asthmatic lung,TUNEL staining was *** assay,a single cell gel electrophoresis was employed to detect DNA damage induced by HDM in BEAS-2Bhuman bronchial epithelial cell line,in *** Artesunate treatment significantly reduces immune cells infiltration in BAL fluid of asthmatic mice,collected on day 3 and 5 ***,artesuante is able to protect bronchial epithelium from DNA DSBs induced by asthma,as detected by the reduced level of γH2AX and 53BP1 foci formation in the *** genome protective effect is evident even on day 1 post-challenge,when immune cells infiltration remained *** indicates that artesunate confers protection on bronchial epithelium in the presence of ***,artesunate is also able to reduce cell death in asthmatic lung revealed by TUNEL assay and cleaved caspase 3 ***,the levels of DNA repair proteins in artesuante-treated asthmatic mice are unchanged as compared to HDM-only mice,suggesting that artesunate treatment does not augment the level of DNA repair *** human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2 Bcells were exposed to HDMin vitro,we observed an increase in the levels of DNA ***(60μ
Serum lipid levels, which are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, are key determinants of cardiometabolic health and are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Improving our understand...
Serum lipid levels, which are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, are key determinants of cardiometabolic health and are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Improving our understanding of their underlying biological mechanisms can have important public health and therapeutic implications. Although psychosocial factors, including depression, anxiety, and perceived social support, are associated with serum lipid levels, it is unknown if they modify the effect of genetic loci that influence lipids. We conducted a genome-wide gene-by-psychosocial factor interaction (G×Psy) study in up to 133,157 individuals to evaluate if G×Psy influences serum lipid levels. We conducted a two-stage meta-analysis of G×Psy using both a one-degree of freedom (1df) interaction test and a joint 2df test of the main and interaction effects. In Stage 1, we performed G×Psy analyses on up to 77,413 individuals and promising associations (P < 10) were evaluated in up to 55,744 independent samples in Stage 2. Significant findings (P < 5 × 10) were identified based on meta-analyses of the two stages. There were 10,230 variants from 120 loci significantly associated with serum lipids. We identified novel associations for variants in four loci using the 1df test of interaction, and five additional loci using the 2df joint test that were independent of known lipid loci. Of these 9 loci, 7 could not have been detected without modeling the interaction as there was no evidence of association in a standard GWAS model. The genetic diversity of included samples was key in identifying these novel loci: four of the lead variants displayed very low frequency in European ancestry populations. Functional annotation highlighted promising loci for further experimental follow-up, particularly rs73597733 (MACROD2), rs59808825 (GRAMD1B), and rs11702544 (RRP1B). Notably, one of the genes in identified loci (RRP1B) was found to be a target of the approved drug Atenolol suggesting po
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