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Towards More Efficient EfficientDets and Real-Time Marine Debris Detection

IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2023年第4期8卷 2134-2141页

作者： Zocco, Federico Lin, Tzu-Chieh Huang, Ching-I Wang, Hsueh-Cheng Khyam, Mohammad Omar Van, Mien Queen's University Belfast Centre for Intelligent Autonomous Manufacturing Systems School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northern IrelandBT7 1NN United Kingdom Hsinchu City30010 Taiwan Institute of Electrical and Control Engineering Hsinchu City30010 Taiwan Labs Hsinchu Taiwan Central Queensland University School of Engineering and Technology Norman Gardens QLD4701 Australia

Marine debris is a problem both for the health of marine environments and for the human health since tiny pieces of plastic called 'microplastics' resulting from the debris decomposition over the time are entering the food chain at any levels. For marine debris detection and removal, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are a potential solution. In this letter, we focus on the efficiency of AUV vision for real-time marine debris detection. First, we improved the efficiency of a class of state-of-the-art object detectors, namely EfficientDets [1], by 1.5% AP on D0, 2.6% AP on D1, 1.2% AP on D2 and 1.3% AP on D3 without increasing the GPU latency (see Fig. 1). Subsequently, we created and made publicly available a dataset for the detection of in-water plastic bags and bottles and trained our improved EfficientDets on this and on two public datasets for marine debris detection. Finally, we began the testing of real-time detection performance on a simulator of marine environments. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Construction and optimization of a computational holographic lithography system 8

Construction and optimization of a computational holographic...

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8th International Conference on Speckle Metrology, Speckle 2023

作者： Chen, Rui Lin, Angyi You, Jianfeng Lin, Huixiang Zhao, Wenqing Zhang, Fucai School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems Ministry of Education North China Electric Power University China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674592

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674585

Traditional lithography techniques are currently facing challenges, including high costs and the susceptibility of mask plates to damage. This research aims to elucidate the feasibility and technical constraints of a novel diffraction lithography approach. This method can reduce the size and cost of lithography machines, break through existing technological barriers, and offer new possibilities for the future development of lithography machines. We have built a basic computational holographic lithography system utilizing a 405nm laser and validated the system using holograms obtained with both classical GS algorithm and a newly proposed method. With the GS holograms, patterns with 700nm features have been successfully exposed on the photoresist. With our new algorithms, multiple holograms for the same target pattern can be generated with different settings in the algorithm. Sequential exposure of those holograms resulted in continuous lines 500 nm wide with reduced speckle artifacts, which was about a 1.4-time improvement over the result from the GS algorithm. Future research will focus on optimizing and enhancing the experimental system and the hologram calculation methods to reduce the line widths further and improve the exposure pattern quality. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Holograms

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Online Traffic Density Estimation using Physics-Informed Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wilkman, Dennis Morozovska, Kateryna Johansson, Karl Henrik Barreau, Matthieu Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology 100-44 Sweden

Recent works on the application of Physics-Informed Neural Networks to traffic density estimation have shown to be promising for future developments due to their robustness to model errors and noisy data. In this paper, we introduce a methodology for online approximation of the traffic density using measurements from probe vehicles in two settings: one using the Greenshield model and the other considering a high-fidelity traffic simulation. The proposed method continuously estimates the real-time traffic density in space and performs model identification with each new set of measurements. The density estimate is updated in almost real-time using gradient descent and adaptive weights. In the case of full model knowledge, the resulting algorithm has similar performance to the classical open-loop one. However, in the case of model mismatch, the iterative solution behaves as a closed-loop observer and outperforms the baseline method. Similarly, in the high-fidelity setting, the proposed algorithm correctly reproduces the traffic characteristics. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Bayes and Biased Estimators Without Hyper-parameter Estimation: Comparable Performance to the Empirical-Bayes-Based Regularized Estimator

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ju, Yue Wahlberg, Bo Hjalmarsson, Håkan Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden

Regularized system identification has become a significant complement to more classical system identification. It has been numerically shown that kernel-based regularized estimators often perform better than the maximum likelihood estimator in terms of minimizing mean squared error (MSE). However, regularized estimators often require hyper-parameter estimation. This paper focuses on ridge regression and the regularized estimator by employing the empirical Bayes hyperparameter estimator. We utilize the excess MSE to quantify the MSE difference between the empirical-Bayes-based regularized estimator and the maximum likelihood estimator for large sample sizes. We then exploit the excess MSE expressions to develop both a family of generalized Bayes estimators and a family of closed-form biased estimators. They have the same excess MSE as the empirical-Bayes-based regularized estimator but eliminate the need for hyper-parameter estimation. Moreover, we conduct numerical simulations to show that the performance of these new estimators is comparable to the empirical-Bayes-based regularized estimator, while computationally, they are more efficient. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean square error

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A Tube-Based Reinforcement Learning Approach for Optimal Motion Planning in Unknown Workspaces

A Tube-Based Reinforcement Learning Approach for Optimal Mot...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Panagiotis Rousseas Charalampos P. Bechlioulis Kostas J. Kyriakopoulos School of Mechanical Engineering Control Systems Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

In this work, a tube-based nearly optimal solution to motion planning in unknown workspaces is presented. The advantages of reactive motion planning are combined with a Policy Iteration Reinforcement Learning scheme to yield a novel solution for unknown workspaces that inherits provable safety, convergence and optimality. Moreover, in simply-connected workspaces, our method is proven to asymptotically provide the globally optimal path. Our method is compared against a provably asymptotically optimal RRT ⋆ method, as well as a relevant reactive method and provides satisfactory performance, closely matching or outperforming the former.

关键词： Reinforcement learning Planning Safety Robotics and automation Convergence

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Real-time Hybrid System Identification with Online Deterministic Annealing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mavridis, Christos N. Johansson, Karl Henrik Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

We introduce a real-time identification method for discrete-time state-dependent switching systems in both the input-output and state-space domains. In particular, we design a system of adaptive algorithms running in two timescales;a stochastic approximation algorithm implements an online deterministic annealing scheme at a slow timescale and estimates the mode-switching signal, and an recursive identification algorithm runs at a faster timescale and updates the parameters of the local models based on the estimate of the switching signal. We first focus on piece-wise affine systems and discuss identifiability conditions and convergence properties based on the theory of two-timescale stochastic approximation. In contrast to standard identification algorithms for switched systems, the proposed approach gradually estimates the number of modes and is appropriate for real-time system identification using sequential data acquisition. The progressive nature of the algorithm improves computational efficiency and provides real-time control over the performance-complexity trade-off. Finally, we address specific challenges that arise in the application of the proposed methodology in identification of more general switching systems. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed methodology. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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A distributed algorithm with network-independent step-size and event-triggered mechanism for economic dispatch problem

A distributed algorithm with network-independent step-size a...

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作者： Chen, Baitong Yang, Jianhua Lu, Wei Pedrycz, Witold Sun, Changhai School of Control Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2R3 Canada Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology SARTaipa 999078 China Research Center of Performance and Productivity Analysis Istinye University Istanbul Turkey School of Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China

The economic dispatch problem (EDP) poses a significant challenge in energy management for modern power systems, particularly as these systems undergo expansion. This growth escalates the demand for communication resources and increases the risk of communication failures. To address this challenge, we propose a distributed algorithm with network-independent step sizes and an event-triggered mechanism, which reduces communication requirements and enhances adaptability. Unlike traditional methods, our algorithm uses network-independent step sizes derived from each agent's local cost functions, thus eliminating the need for detailed network topology knowledge. The theoretical derivation identifies a range of step size values that depend solely on the objective function's strong convexity and the gradient's Lipschitz continuity. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is shown to achieve a linear convergence rate, assuming the event triggering threshold criteria are met for linear convergence. Numerical experiments further validate the effectiveness and advantages of our proposed distributed algorithm by demonstrating its ability to maintain good convergence characteristics while reducing communication frequency. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： Cost functions

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Boolean matrix compressed sensing

Boolean matrix compressed sensing

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Liu, Qiang Soleymani, Mahdi Mahdavifar, Hessam National Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

In real-world datasets, leveraging the low-rank and sparsity properties enables developing efficient algorithms across a diverse array of data-related tasks, including compression, compressed sensing, matrix completion, etc. Notably, these two properties often coexist in certain real-world datasets, especially in Boolean datasets and quantized real-valued datasets. To harness the advantages of low-rank and sparsity simultaneously, we adopt a technique inspired by compressed sensing and Boolean matrix completion. Our approach entails compressing a low-rank sparse Boolean matrix by performing inner product operations with a randomly generated Boolean matrix. We then propose a decoding algorithms based on message-passing techniques to recover the original matrix. Our experiments demonstrate superior recovery performance of our proposed algorithms compared to Boolean matrix completion, with equal measurement requirements. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Belief Propagation Boolean Matrix Compressed Sensing Matrix Completion

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Multiplier analysis of Lurye systems with power signals 63

Multiplier analysis of Lurye systems with power signals

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Heath, William P. Carrasco, Joaquin Bangor University School of Computer Science and Engineering Dean St LL57 1UT United Kingdom Nancy Rothwell Building University of Manchester Control Systems and Robotics Group Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering M13 9PL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Multipliers can be used to guarantee both the Lyapunov stability and input-output stability of Lurye systems with time-invariant memoryless slope-restricted nonlinearities. If a dynamic multiplier is used there is no guarantee the closedloop system has finite incremental gain. It has been suggested in the literature that without this guarantee such a system may be critically sensitive to time-varying exogenous signals including noise. We show that multipliers guarantee the power gain of the system to be bounded and quantifiable. Furthermore power may be measured about an appropriate steady state bias term, provided the multiplier does not require the nonlinearity to be odd. Hence dynamic multipliers can be used to guarantee Lurye systems have low sensitivity to noise, provided other exogenous systems have constant steady state. We illustrate the analysis with an example where the exogenous signal is a power signal with non-zero mean. © 2024 IEEE.

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Learning Reduced-Order Linear Parameter-Varying Models of Nonlinear systems ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第15期58卷 265-270页

作者： Patrick J.W. Koelewijn Rajiv Singh Peter Seiler Roland Tóth Sioux Technologies B.V. Eindhoven The Netherlands Control Systems Group Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherlands The MathWorks Inc. Natick USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Systems and Control Laboratory HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

In this paper, we consider the learning of a Reduced-Order Linear Parameter-Varying Model (ROLPVM) of a nonlinear dynamical system based on data. This is achieved by a two-step procedure. In the first step, we learn a projection to a lower dimensional state-space. In step two, an LPV model is learned on the reduced-order state-space using a novel, efficient parameterization in terms of neural networks. The improved modeling accuracy of the method compared to an existing method is demonstrated by simulation examples.

关键词： Reduced-order modeling Neural Networks Linear Parameter-Varying Models

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