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Variations in Rural PM2.5 Sources and Composition in the Post Coal-to-Gas Period Based on a Three-Year Observation

Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2025年第1期25卷 1-13页

作者： Ning, Zhi Li, Zhiyong Wei, Jihong Liu, Jinming Ma, Huichun Ren, Zhuangzhuang Ma, Xiaohua Liu, Chen Chen, Lan Liu, Aiqin Wang, Binglin Wang, Jiaqi Gao, Huiying Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China Department of Pediatrics Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University Baoding071000 China Hebei Key Lab of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring Hebei Research Center for Geoanalysis Baoding071051 China School of Control Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China China Environmental United Certification Center Co. Ltd. Beijing100029 China

Introduction: Various studies were conducted focused on the coal-to-gas (CTG) impacts on urban PM2.5 during its implementation. However, the continuity of CTG effectiveness on PM2.5 control in the post CTG remained unclear, especially in rural area, retarding the further emission-control policy optimization. To address this gap, we examined the wintertime rural PM2.5 variations within the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei during the non-epidemic-lockdown period of winter 2020–2022. Of which, 2020 holds the most stringent CTG enforcement, 2021 marks the conclusion of CTG, and 2022 represents the post CTG. Methods: In this study, the PM2.5 levels in rural areas of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region were monitored during the winters of 2020, 2021, and 2022. Meanwhile, multiple chemical analysis methods were employed to determine its chemical components. The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) modeling and Potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis were employed to analyze the contributions of different sources to PM2.5. Results and Discussion: PM2.5 exhibited an average decrease of 30.4%, and PMF modeling indicated the contributions of coal combustion (CC) to PM2.5 fell from 22.4% in 2020 to 17.8% in 2021, and further to 10.8% by 2022, highlighting the enduring CTG effectiveness. The continuously decreasing CC-specific As, Pb, and SO42– was another evidence for scattered coal prohibition. Reluctantly, the biomass burning (BB) contributions held higher increase of 17.2% in 2021–2022 than 8.86% in 2020–2021, and it has leapt to be the largest PM2.5 contributor (25.4%) in winter 2022. The natural gas shortage and subsidy reduction in winter 2022, as well as the man, and forced demolition of coal-stoves in winter 2022 should be the main inducements. Contrary to the recent upward trend of secondary aerosols, SO42–, NO3–, and NH4+ showed a downward trend, with annual average dropped of 52.6%, 23.4%, and 53.8%, respectively. This should be ascribed to the enhanced primary emiss

关键词： Coal

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Role of nitrogen cycling functional genes and their key influencing factors in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems

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Environmental Reviews 2025年 33卷

作者： Wang, Wenwen Li, Mengze Chen, Peng Yuan, Shengwu Wang, Kun Wang, Shuhang Jiang, Xia State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration State Environment Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science Beijing100012 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan430074 China

The nitrogen cycle, essential for the transformation and circulation of nitrogen, involves key processes such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification. Microorganisms are crucial in these processes, influencing water quality through energy conversion and nitrogen cycling. Eutrophication, driven by human activities, increases exogenous nitrogen input, accelerating nitrogen cycling and loss, boosting greenhouse gas emissions, and impacting aquatic ecosystems. Functional genes in the nitrogen cycle, such as amoA (nitrification), nirS, nirK, nosZ (denitrification), and hzs and hzo (anaerobic ammonium oxidation), are indicators of nitrogen transformation in sediments. Environmental factors like temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), organic matter content, nitrogen levels, pH, and salinity significantly influence these genes’ expression and regulation. For example, temperature changes can affect nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria activities, DO levels impact microbial growth and metabolism, and higher organic matter content stimulates the expression of nitrogen cycle genes. Understanding how these environmental factors affect nitrogen cycling genes is crucial for addressing eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. This review focuses on the adaptability and responses of nitrogen-associated functional microorganisms and genes environmental changes, offering theoretical insights and practical guidance for sustainable ecosystem management. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Microorganisms

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FAU zeolites from coal/rice husk co-combustion ash (co-ash) for CO2 adsorption: Synthesis, characterization, adsorption and regeneration performance

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Separation and Purification Technology 2025年 369卷

作者： Xu, Qing Lu, Jianyi Zhou, Zhiyong Jin, Yujia Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

Synthesis of zeolite from industrial wastes has become an important environmental protection strategy. This study explored the synthesis of nano-sized NaX and NaY zeolites from coal/rice husk co-combustion ash (co-ash) using alkali-melting-hydrothermal synthesis and seed guiding methods, followed by modification with Li+ and K+ exchange. NaY zeolite, synthesized at a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 5 and crystallization temperature of 100 °C, exhibited the most complete crystal structure and optimal CO2 adsorption capacity. The specific surface area (SSA) of NaX and NaY zeolites (583.0 m2/g and 790.1 m2/g, respectively) are comparable to those of commercial zeolites, emphasizing their structural parity, and demonstrating their potential as effective CO2 adsorbents. NaY demonstrated a CO2 adsorption capacity of 5.31 mmol/g at 298.15 K and 1 bar, competitive with other conventionally synthesized and commercial zeolites. Cation exchange had a minimal impact on CO2 adsorption of NaY, with LiX improving capacity by 11.65 % compared to NaX, while LiY showed only a 2.94 % increase. K+ exchange negatively affected both zeolites. Kinetic and thermodynamic analyses, using the proposed first-order (PFO) and Langmuir-Freundlich models, indicated that CO2 adsorption is a rapid physisorption process with thermal effects ranging from 22 to 41 kJ/mol. Both zeolites exhibited excellent CO2/N2 selectivity and regeneration stability, with the loss of adsorption capacity retaining only 10.57 % and 9.63 % for NaX and NaY after fifteen cycles. This highlights their potential as efficient CO2 adsorbents. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Coal combustion

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Facile construction of N-doped TiO2 nanohybrids with enriched oxygen vacancies for enhanced photocatalytic green hydrogen production

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Tao, Zichen Zhang, Bin Chen, Wenxin Cao, Ruwen Liu, Jie Wang, Lidong Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing102206 China

A series of N-doped TiO2 nanohybrids (xN-TiO2) were successfully prepared via a facile solvothermal route by using oleylamine as N source, for enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The doped-N atoms induced the generation of abundant oxygen vacancies (OVs). The resulted impurity and defect levels in xN-TiO2 contributed to their narrowed band gap, enhanced visible light response, and promoted separation and transfer of photogenerated carrier. Moreover, the N-doping optimized the distribution of OVs, and therefore affect the conduction band (CB) location of catalyst. Herein, the 3N-TiO2 catalyst with excellent photoelectric properties and appropriate CB location, showed the photocatalytic HER rate of 3984.71 μmol h−1 g−1 under the simulated sunlight irradiation, which was 5.5 and 29.0 times that of the undoped TiO2 and commercial P25, respectively. Meanwhile, the 3N-TiO2 catalyst exhibited the excellent stability and salt-resistance. This work provides a novel insight for the band alignment of photocatalysts by defects regulation, and opens the new possibility for synthesizing N-doped TiO2 catalyst by a more practical and safe method. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction

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Distributed High-Gain Attitude Synchronization Using Rotation Vectors

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Journal of systems Science & Complexity 2015年第2期28卷 289-304页

作者： SONG Wenjun THUNBERG Johan HU Xiaoming HONG Yiguang Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Chinese Academy of Sciences Optimization and Systems Theory Royal Institute of Technology

This paper addresses attitude synchronization problems for systems of multiple rigid-body agents with directed interconnection *** scenarios which differ in available information are *** the first scenario the agents can obtain their rotations and angular velocities relative to an inertial reference frame and transmit these information to their neighbors,while in the second scenario the agents can only obtain their own angular velocities and measure the relative rotations and relative angular velocities of their *** using rotation vectors and the high gain control,the authors provide torque control laws asymptotically synchronizing the rotations of the system almost globally for the first scenario and with initial rotations of the agents contained in a convex ball of SO(3)for the second *** illustrative example is provided to show the synchronization results for both scenarios.

关键词： Attitude synchronization directed graph distributed control multi-agent systems

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Particle size distribution of submicron particulate matter from coal/biomass combustion under different conditions: A comparison of modeling and experimentation

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Particuology 2025年 102卷 240-250页

作者： Ma, Xuejun Zhou, Minmin Liu, Chunjing Zheng, Fei Lu, Jianyi Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding 071003 China School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China

Coal/biomass combustion is a major source of submicron particulate matter (sub-PM), with mineral substances in the fuels playing a key role in the formation and growth of these particles. In this study, the temporal evolution of sub-PM is predicted by simulating coal/biomass combustion under different temperature, atmosphere, species, particle size and density conditions by using nucleation, condensation, coagulation and deposition sub-models. Compared with experimental data, the results show that the amount of sub-PM generated from pulverized coal combustion increases with higher temperatures and oxygen concentrations, and lignin (LN) produces the highest emission of sub-PM among different biomass types. The peak particle size distribution (PSD) of sub-PM across different experimental conditions is mainly centered around 0.1–0.2 μm. The values of relative error are below 20% and even below 10%, indicating that the model is in good agreement with the experimental data. Subsequently, the effects of pulverized coal size and coal density on the PSD of sub-PM are predictively simulated by the verified model, the findings indicate that both of the peak PSD are among 0.08–0.23 μm, the emission amount of sub-PM negatively relate to coal size and coal density. © 2025 Chinese Society of Particuology and Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences

关键词： Coal/biomass combustion Different conditions Particle size distribution (PSD) Submicron particulate matter (sub-PM)

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Polytope Volume Monitoring Problem: Formulation and Solution via Parametric Linear Program Based control Barrier Function

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wu, Shizhen Dong, Jinyang Fang, Xu Sun, Ning Fang, Yongchun Institute of Robotics and Automatic Information System College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin300353 China The Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University Shenzhen518083 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Optimization for Industrial Equipment of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China

Motivated by the latest research on feasible space monitoring of multiple control barrier functions (CBFs) as well as polytopic collision avoidance, this paper studies the Polytope Volume Monitoring (PVM) problem, whose goal is to design a control law for inputs of nonlinear systems to prevent the volume of some state-dependent polytope from decreasing to zero. Recent studies have explored the idea of applying Chebyshev ball method in optimization theory to solve the case study of PVM;however, the underlying difficulties caused by nonsmoothness have not been addressed. This paper continues the study on this topic, where our main contribution is to establish the relationship between nonsmooth CBF and parametric optimization theory through directional derivatives for the first time, so as to solve PVM problems more conveniently. In detail, inspired by Chebyshev ball approach, a parametric linear program (PLP) based nonsmooth barrier function candidate is established for PVM, and then, sufficient conditions for it to be a nonsmooth CBF are proposed, based on which a quadratic program (QP) based safety filter with guaranteed feasibility is proposed to address PVM problems. Finally, a numerical simulation example is given to show the efficiency of the proposed safety filter. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Chebyshev filters

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Topology-Driven Attribute Recovery for Attribute Missing Graph Learning in Social Internet of Things

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Mengran Chen, Junzhou Yu, Chenyun Jiang, Guanying Zhang, Ronghui Shen, Yanming Song, Houbing Herbert School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen518107 China The Baidu Inc. Beijing100085 China The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Optimization for Industrial Equipment Ministry of Education The School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China Department of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County BaltimoreMD21250 United States

With the advancement of information technology, the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) has fostered the integration of physical devices and social networks, deepening the study of complex interaction patterns. Text Attribute Graphs (TAGs) capture both topological structures and semantic attributes, enhancing the analysis of complex interactions within the SIoT. However, existing graph learning methods are typically designed for complete attributed graphs, and the common issue of missing attributes in Attribute Missing Graphs (AMGs) increases the difficulty of analysis tasks. To address this, we propose the Topology-Driven Attribute Recovery (TDAR) framework, which leverages topological data for AMG learning. TDAR introduces an improved pre-filling method for initial attribute recovery using native graph topology. Additionally, it dynamically adjusts propagation weights and incorporates homogeneity strategies within the embedding space to suit AMGs’ unique topological structures, effectively reducing noise during information propagation. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate that TDAR significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in attribute reconstruction and downstream tasks, offering a robust solution to the challenges posed by AMGs. The code is available at https://***/limengran98/TDAR. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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The value of Vendor Managed Inventory in an autocorrelated demand environment

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第12期49卷 668-673页

作者： Belalia, Zainab Ghaiti, Fouzia Analysis Optimization and Control of Systems Laboratory Mohammadia School of Engineers Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

The Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is a coordination mechanism that aims to improve supply chain performance. This paper investigates a two-echelon supply chain composed of one manufacturer and one retailer. It studies the value of VMI where customer demand follows a first-order autoregressive process (AR(1)). Based on an analytical model from prior literature, we demonstrate that for some replenishment frequency ranges, the value of VMI decreases when the demand autocorrelation is very high, which is different from earlier results. The research findings are helpful for managers considering autocorrelated demand products. © 2016

关键词： Supply chains Analytical models Auto correlated demand Auto regressive Coordination mechanisms First order autoregressive process Inventory reductions Supply chain performance Two echelon supply chain Vendor managed Inventory

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CONSENSUS control DESIGN FOR MULTI-AGENT systems USING RELATIVE OUTPUT FEEDBACK

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Journal of systems Science & Complexity 2014年第2期27卷 237-251页

作者： WANG Jinhuan LIU Zhixin HU Xiaoming School of Sciences and School of Control Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Optimization and Systems Theory and ACCESS Linnaeus Center Royal Institute of Technology

This paper studies the consensus problem of multi-agent systems in which all agents are modeled by a general linear system. The authors consider the case where only the relative output feedback between the neighboring agents can be measured. To solve the consensus problem, the authors first construct a static relative output feedback control under some mild constraints on the system model. Then the authors use an observer based approach to design a dynamic relative output feedback control. If the adjacent graph of the system is undirected and connected or directed with a spanning tree, with the proposed control laws, the consensus can be achieved. The authors note that with the observer based approach, some information exchange between the agents is needed unless the associated adjacent graph is completely connected.

关键词： Consensus decentralized control multi-agent systems observer.

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