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Enzyme-triggered deep tumor penetration of a dual-drug nanomedicine enables an enhanced cancer combination therapy

Bioactive Materials 2023年第8期26卷 102-115页

作者： Lei Gu Zhenyu Duan Xue Li Xin Li Yinggang Li Xiaoling Li Gang Xu Peng Gao Hu Zhang Zhongwei Gu Jie Chen Qiyong Gong Kui Luo Huaxi MR Research Center(HMRRC) Department of RadiologyFrontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu610041China Liver Transplant Center Organ Transplant CenterBreast CenterLaboratory of Stem Cell BiologyLaboratory of Clinical Proteomics and MetabolomicsInstitutes for Systems GeneticsNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina Amgen Bioprocessing Centre Keck Graduate InstituteClaremontCA91711USA Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and ImmunologyNHCResearch Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengdu610041China Department of Radiology West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan UniversityXiamen361000FujianChina

Cancer cells could be eradicated by promoting generation of excessive intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)via emerging ***,tumor heterogeneity and poor penetration of nanomedicines often lead to diverse levels of ROS production in the tumor site,and ROS at a low level promote tumor cell growth,thus diminishing the therapeutic effect of these ***,we construct an amphiphilic and block polymer-dendron conjugate-derived nanomedicine(Lap@pOEGMA-b-p(GFLG-Dendron-Ppa),GFLG-DP/Lap NPs)that incorporates a photosensitizer,Pyropheophorbide a(Ppa),for ROS therapy and Lapatinib(Lap)for molecular targeted ***,an epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)inhibitor that plays a role in inhibiting cell growth and proliferation,is hypothesized to synergize with ROS therapy for effectively killing cancer *** results suggest that the enzyme-sensitive polymeric conjugate,pOEGMA-b-p(GFLG-Dendron-Ppa)(GFLG-DP),releases in response to cathepsin B(CTSB)after entering the tumor ***-Ppa has a strong adsorption capacity to tumor cell membranes,which promotes efficient penetration and long-term *** can also be efficiently delivered to internal tumor cells to play its role due to the increased vesicle *** irradiation of Ppa-containing tumor cells results in production of intracellular ROS that is sufficient for inducing cell ***,Lap efficiently inhibits proliferation of remaining viable cells even in deep tumor regions,thus generating a significant synergistic anti-tumor therapeutic *** novel strategy can be extended to the development of efficient membrane lipid-based therapies to effectively combat tumors.

关键词： Proliferation inhibition Apoptosis Amphiphilic and block polymer-dendron conjugate Enhanced penetration Membrane flow Combination therapy

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Integrated Electronic Health Record of Multidisciplinary Professionals Throughout the Cancer Care Pathway: A Pilot Study Exploring Patient-Centered Information in Breast Cancer Patients

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sugiyama, Atsuko Okumiya, Hayato Fujimoto, Katsuhiko Utsunomiya, Kazuki Shimomura, Yuka Sanuki, Masaru Kume, Keitaro Yano, Takahiro Kagawa, Rina Bando, Hiroko Canon Medical Systems Corporation Tochigi Otawara Japan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University Miyagi Sendai Japan Laboratory of Mathematical Informatics in Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Department of Biomedical Informatics and Management University of Tsukuba Hospital Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan Department of Breast-Thyroid-Endocrine Surgery Institute of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba Japan

Purpose: The aim of this pilot study was to first aggregate and then integrate the medical records of various healthcare professionals involved with breast cancer patients to reveal if and how patient-centered information is documented in multidisciplinary cancer care. Patients and methods: We aggregated 20 types of medical records from various healthcare professionals throughout 3 breast cancer patients’ care pathways in a department of breast surgery at a university hospital. These records consisted of 4,061 paragraphs comprising 14,195 lines. We integrated these data for each case. We manually annotated and analyzed them exploratively. First, provisional tags were given for all sentences. A breast cancer surgeon (26 years experience) checked the annotated results and revised the provisional tags. All records were then given revised tags and analyzed for how patient-centered information was documented. We defined Concern of Daily Life-Care-Treatment, State of Mind, Patient Views and Preferences, and Contextual Features as patient-centered information, whereas Medical Indication and Physical Status were designated biomedical information. Results: The number of patient-centered information related tags accounted for 30%, 30% and 20% of the total in case 1, case 2 and case 3, respectively. In all cases, patient-centered information was distributed across various medical records. The Progress Note tag provided the most patient-centered information, while other records contained information not described elsewhere in the progress notes. The records of Nurses and Allied Healthcare Professionals included more patient-centered information than the doctors’ notes. Each piece of information was documented in fragments providing each of the healthcare professionals’ viewpoints. Conclusion: The documented information throughout the breast cancer care pathway in the cases examined was dominated by biomedical information. However, our findings suggest integrating the EHR of var

关键词： Diseases

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The Strategy of Escalation and Negotiation: The Iran Nuclear Dispute

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Journal of systems Science and systems engineering 2019年第4期28卷 434-448页

作者： Tobias W. Langenegger Keith W. Hipel Department of Management Technology and Economics ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

The strategic decisions and resulting consequences surrounding the conflict between the United States of America (US) and Iran regarding the Iranian nuclear program are formally investigated using a flexible decision methodology called the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR). This highly controversial dispute caught the world's attention as concerns were growing that Iran would reach a position where it would be able to build nuclear weapons, thereby posing a risk to world security. While Iran insisted on its rights for the peaceful use of nuclear technology;the international community;led by the US, tried to discourage the nuclear activities of Iran to ensure its obligations to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. This led to an escalation of tension on both sides, with an extension of the nuclear program by Iran and an increase in sanctions by the US, before it was possible to arrive at a negotiated agreement. As demonstrated in this paper, a systematic GMCR investigation provides valuable strategic insights into this important conflict. Further, it illustrates ways in which the conflict could have evolved, as well as mechanisms for stopping an escalation like this in the future.

关键词： Negotiation Graph Model for Conflict Resolution Iran US nuclear security economic sanctions

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Coordinating an Extended Warranty Supply Chain under Increasing,Constant and Decreasing Product Failure Rates

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Journal of systems Science and systems engineering 2020年第5期29卷 609-628页

作者： Yuwen Chen Jin Qin Tongdan Jin Yating Chen School of Management University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Information Systems City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong KongChina Ingram School of Engineering Texas State UniversitySan Marcos TX78666USA

A product typically exhibits three different failure rates across its lifetime:increasing,decreasing,or *** paper studies how the characteristics of failure rate impact the supply chain coordination for an extended warranty program involving a manufacturer and a retailer.A two-stage Stackelberg game is utilized to model the interaction between these two *** extended warranty channel structures are compared depending on whether the manufacturer or the retailer offers the warranty *** analysis shows that the failure rate trend during the warranty period has different effects on the coordination of the service supply *** a product has an increasing or constant failure rate,the optimal length of extended warranty offered by the retailer is longer than that of the manufacturer,while the optimal length is shorter for a product with a decreasing failure *** a product during the warranty coverage has an increasing or constant failure rate,a longer extended warranty period will motivate customers to buy the product without the warranty,whereas more customers will buy both the product and the warranty if the product experiences a decreasing failure *** is concluded that,if the manufacturer and the retailer incur the same warranty service cost,the total profit in the supply chain is higher when the manufacturer offers the extended *** the game participants'perspective,the one which sells the extended warranty will obtain more profit.

关键词： Supply chain coordination extended warranty failure rate warranty policy game theory

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Photonic Terahertz Phased Array

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Niu, Li Feng, Xi Zhang, Xueqian Lu, Yongchang Wang, Qingwei Xu, Quan Chen, Xieyu Ma, Jiajun Qiu, Haidi Sha, Wei E.I. Zhang, Shuang Alù, Andrea Zhang, Weili Han, Jiaguang Center for Terahertz Waves College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering The Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York10016 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK74078 United States Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing School of Optoelectronic Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China

Phased arrays are crucial in various technologies, such as radar and wireless communications, due to their ability to precisely control and steer electromagnetic waves. This precise control improves signal processing and enhances imaging performance. However, extending phased arrays to the terahertz (THz) frequency range has proven challenging, especially for high-frequency operation, broadband performance, two-dimensional (2D) phase control with large antenna arrays, and strong phase modulation. Here, we introduce a photonic platform to realize a THz phased array that bypasses the above challenges. Our method employs 2D phase coding with 2-bit across a broad THz frequency range from 0.8 to 1.4 THz. The core of our design is a pixelated nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry metasurface driven by a spatially modulated femtosecond laser, allowing precise phase control of THz signals. We showcase the effectiveness of our method through four proof-of-concept applications: single beamforming, dual beamforming, imaging and vortex beam generation. The realized photonic platform provides a promising pathway for developing broadband phased arrays in the THz regime. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Out-of-school Time STEM: Teach programming Using Python for High School Girls 9

Out-of-school Time STEM: Teach Programming Using Python for ...

引用

9th IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC)

作者： Wang, Chaoyi Vemula, Srikanth Frye, Michael Dreeben School of Education University of the Incarnate Word Management Information Systems HEB School of Business University of the Incarnate Word Department of Engineering University of the Incarnate Word

ISBN: (纸本)9781728175201

In the next decade, there is an enormous increase in job openings in the fields of science. technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The early recognition of STEM talent is necessary to meet the demands of STEM labor force in the United States. Thus, it is essential for educators to apply diverse teaching methods to provide meaningful programming learning to students at High School level. In this study, the researchers designed an eight-session Python programming curriculum for high school girls and implemented in Girls in engineering, Mathematics, Science (GEMS) STEAM program in San Antonio, Texas, USA. Through the analysis of pre- and post-surveys and interviews, the results showed that the Python programming course have created a fun and interesting learning environment. This eight-session course effectively expanded students' previous know ledge about programming and increase their interests in computer science (CS). In the process of learning, students developed the problem-solving skills. This study suggested that it is important for educators to create a fun and interactive learning environment w hen teaching programming for high school girls. There is a need of more efforts and opportunities which needs to be provided for girls to increase their participation in CS.

关键词： Computer Science High school girls Python programming course STEM out-of-school program

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Sugarcane bagasse ash-portland composite cement blended in paving blocks production for effective resource utilization between sugar and construction industries

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3110卷

作者： Parea Rusan Rangan Miswar Tumpu Yohans Sunarno Mansyur Mansyur Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Christian University of Indonesia Toraja Indonesia Disaster Management Study Program The Graduate School Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering SembilanBelas November University Kolaka Indonesia

This study examines the compressive strength and water absorption of sugarcane bagasse ash, an ingredient in the manufacture of paving blocks. The technique employed was lab experiment printouts that were 20 10 8 cm in size. In this investigation, the addition variations consisted of 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%. In this investigation, test ages of 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days were used, using a cement to sands ratio of 1:4. Using SNI-03-0691-1996 with reference to paving blocks. According to an analysis of the compressive strength test results at 28 days, the addition of 2.5% bagasse ash of 23.64 MPa produced the highest compressive strength, and the addition of 7.5% bagasse ash with of 18.43 MPa produced the lowest compressive strength. The test specimens with the addition of 10% bagasse ash showed the highest water absorption in the 28-days of 6.57%; in contrast, the test specimens with the addition of 2.5% bagasse ash showed the lowest water absorption of 3.27%. Any variation of the mixture that has samples that are 28 days and have a water absorption value of up to 6% meets the requirements of SNI-03-0691-1996 paving block quality B.

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Inverse-Designed Optical Metagratings for Free-Space Integral Equations Solving

Inverse-Designed Optical Metagratings for Free-Space Integra...

引用

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO EUROPE)

作者： Andrea Cordaro Brian Edwards Vahid Nikkhah Andrea Alù Nader Engheta Albert Polman Institute of Physics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands Center for Nanophotonics NWO-Institute AMOLF Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345995

The world's ever-growing need for efficient computing has been driving researchers from diverse research fields to explore alternatives to the current digital computing paradigm. In this context, the field of all-optical analog processing is gaining significant attention opening new possibilities to overcome the bottlenecks of standard microelectronics [1–5]. We present a Si-based optical metastructure that solves Fredholm integral equations of the second kind in a fully analog fashion at optical frequencies. We exploit the analogy between the integral equation solving and the behavior of an optimized periodic metagrating coupled to a feedback system. At the foundations of this mapping lies the possibility of designing the S-matrix of a periodic structure by setting its periodicity (i.e., the number of input/output modes and hence the dimension of the S-matrix) and optimizing its unit cell (i.e., optimizing the coupling of light into the defined diffraction modes in amplitude and phase), as shown in Fig. 1a. Next, we show how the designed metastructure effectively solves the problem of interest and compare the metasurface-based solution to the ideal solution. We show that electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching provide the spatial resolution required to create a hardware representation of a predefined Kernel, with relatively small deviations between experiments and simulations. We optically characterize the output for different input signals showing good agreement with the ideal simulated response and use the data to retrieve the solution experimentally provided by the metadevice (see Fig. 1b). Fig. 1 A. Schematic of the proposed structure. A silicon metasurface is patterned on top of a sapphire substrate. The superstrate consists of $\text{SiO}_{2}$ with a semi-transparent au mirror on top. Scale-bar 500 nm b. Estimate of the solution to the integral equation obtained by the fabricated metadevice.

关键词： Crosstalk Electron beam lithography Light diffraction Modes Phase Spatial resolution

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Measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum in the 2nd knee region with the TALE-SD array 38

Measurement of the cosmic ray energy spectrum in the 2nd kne...

引用

38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Komae, Ichiro Abbasi, R.U. Abe, Y. Abu-Zayyad, T. Allen, M. Arai, Y. Arimura, R. Barcikowski, E. Belz, J.W. Bergman, D.R. Blake, S.A. Buckland, I. Cheon, B.G. Chikawa, M. Fedynitch, A. Fujii, T. Fujisue, K. Fujita, K. Fujiwara, R. Fukushima, M. Furlich, G. Gerber, Z. Globus, N. Hanlon, W. Hayashida, N. He, H. Hibi, R. Hibino, K. Higuchi, R. Honda, K. Ikeda, D. Inoue, N. Ishii, T. Ito, H. Ivanov, D. Iwasaki, A. Jeong, H.M. Jeong, S. Jui, C.C.H. Kadota, K. Kakimoto, F. Kalashev, O. Kasahara, K. Kasami, S. Kawachi, Y. Kawakami, S. Kawata, K. Kharuk, I. Kido, E. Kim, H.B. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.W. Kimura, Y. Komae, I. Komori, K. Kusumori, Y. Kuznetsov, M. Kwon, Y.J. Lee, K.H. Lee, M.J. Lubsandorzhiev, B. Lundquist, J.P. Matsuyama, T. Matthews, J.A. Matthews, J.N. Mayta, R. Miyashita, K. Mizuno, K. Mori, M. Murakami, M. Myers, I. Nagataki, S. Nakahara, M. Nakai, K. Nakamura, T. Nishio, E. Nonaka, T. Ogio, S. Ohoka, H. Okazaki, N. Oku, Y. Okuda, T. Omura, Y. Onishi, M. Ono, M. Oshima, A. Oshima, H. Ozawa, S. Park, I.H. Park, K.Y. Potts, M. Pshirkov, M.S. Remington, J. Rodriguez, D.C. Rott, C. Rubtsov, G.I. Ryu, D. Sagawa, H. Saito, R. Sakaki, N. Sako, T. Sakurai, N. Sato, D. Sato, K. Sato, S. Sekino, K. Shah, P.D. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shikita, J. Shimodaira, H. Shin, B.K. Shin, H.S. Shinto, D. Smith, J.D. Sokolsky, P. Stokes, B.T. Stroman, T.A. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, K. Takamura, M. Takeda, M. Takeishi, R. Taketa, A. Takita, M. Tameda, Y. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Thomas, S.B. Thomson, G.B. Tinyakov, P. Tkachev, I. Tokuno, H. Tomida, T. Troitsky, S. Tsuda, R. Tsunesada, Y. Udo, S. Urban, F. Vaiman, I.A. Warren, D. Wong, T. Yamazaki, K. Yashiro, K. Yoshida, F. Zhezher, Y. Zundel, Z. Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka558-8585 Japan Department of Physics Loyola University Chicago ChicagoIL60660 United States Academic Assembly School of Science and Technology Institute of Engineering Shinshu University Nagano Nagano380-8554 Japan High Energy Astrophysics Institute Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112-0830 United States Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Department of Physics The Research Institute of Natural Science Hanyang University Seongdong-gu Seoul426-791 Korea Republic of Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei City115201 Taiwan Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics Osaka Metropolitan University Sugimoto Sumiyoshi Osaka558-8585 Japan Astrophysical Big Bang Laboratory RIKEN Saitama Wako351-0198 Japan Faculty of Engineering Kanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama221-8686 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering University of Yamanashi Yamanashi Kofu400-8511 Japan The Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University Saitama Saitama338-8570 Japan Department of Physics SungKyunKwan University Jang-an-gu Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Tokyo City University Setagaya-ku Tokyo158-8557 Japan Institute for Nuclear Research The Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow117312 Russia Faculty of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Minato-ku Tokyo337-8570 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Electro-Communication University Neyagawa-shi Osaka572-8530 Japan Service de Physique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Physics Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul120-749 Korea Republic of Center for Astrophysics and Cosmolog

The Telescope Array Low-energy Extension (TALE) experiment observes cosmic rays with 10 atmospheric fluorescence telescopes and an array of 80 surface detectors (SDs) distributed over an area of 21 km2. The SD array consists of 40 SDs spaced at 400 m and 40 SDs spaced at 600 m. One of the goals of TALE-SD is to observe cosmic rays with energies down to 1016.5 eV to resolve the origin of the second knee and the energy of a galactic-extragalactic transition. The TALE-SD was completed in February 2018 and has been in continuous operation since then. In this work, we present the cosmic ray energy spectrum from the data recorded by the TALE-SD array from October 2nd, 2019 to September 28th, 2022. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmic rays

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Field Scale Simulation of Drainage Water management Using Swat+: Analysis on the Model Performance, Intra Field Variability, Climate Variability, and Viability for Eastern South Dakota

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2022年

作者： Sharma, Abhinav McDaniel, Rachel Mehan, Sushant Arnold, Jeff Trooien, Todd Sammons, Nancy Amegbletor, Louis Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States NOAA/NWS/OWP/National Water Center TuscaloosaAL35401 United States Biological Systems Engineering University of Wisconsin – Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS TempleTX76502 United States Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering BrookingsSD57007 United States Environmental Systems Graduate Program University of California Merced MercedCA95343 United States

In this study, the autoDWM module developed to simulate Drainage Water management (DWM) for the restructured version of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT+) was tested for a field site in eastern South Dakota. One half of the site was under DWM (eastern half), and the other (western half) was under conventional drainage. Next, multiple runs were used to quantify the impact of intra field, and climate variability on DWM performance, and discuss the applicability of DWM for the study region. SWAT+ produced satisfactory results for a daily time step simulation of tile flow during the model calibration period, 2016 and 2017 (East: NSE = 0.82, PBIAS = -26.8, RSR = 0.42;West: NSE = 0.75, PBIAS = -30.5, RSR = 0.5) and model validation period, 2018 (East: NSE = 0.71, PBIAS = -17, RSR = 0.55;West: NSE = 0.81, PBIAS = -4.6, RSR = 0.44). Results for the 10-year implementation period (2009 - 2018) showed that on average DWM resulted in a 6.5 mm annual tile flow reduction with an average deviation of ± 1.7 mm due to intra field variability. Precipitation had a profound effect on DWM performance during early summer months through the end of each cropping season. Conversely, temperature dominated tile flows during spring when snowmelt resulted in tile flow. Throughout the implementation period, annual tile flow reductions varied from -24 to +36 mm suggesting a combined effect of both precipitation and temperature. Overall, DWM resulted in a cumulative reduction of 63 lbs in N export from the field at an operational cost averaging $0.8 per pound N removed per year per acre. Results from the study successfully explored the variation in DWM performance on a field scale setup and is pivotal in spearheading the adoptability campaign by stakeholders and policymakers in the region. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Climate models

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