This study embarked on a rigorous examination of the factors driving user satisfaction and usage behavior in the context of telehealth applications. Utilizing a well- structured Google Form survey, distributed through...
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Firms are increasingly launching large-scale complex projects with the work form of multiteam systems (MTSs) (MTSs-based projects), which requires the management team to be ambidextrous - aligned efficiently with exis...
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In this study, aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) thin films were deposited onto a low-temperature polyethylene terephthalate(PET) substrate using DC magnetron sputtering. Deposition parameters included power range of 100...
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In this study, aluminum-doped zinc oxide(AZO) thin films were deposited onto a low-temperature polyethylene terephthalate(PET) substrate using DC magnetron sputtering. Deposition parameters included power range of 100-300 W, a working pressure of 15 mTorr, and a substrate temperature of 50 ℃. Post-deposition, flash lamp annealing(FLA) was employed as a rapid thermal processing method with a pulse duration of 1.7 ms and energy density of 7 J·cm-2, aimed at enhancing the film's quality while preserving the temperature-sensitive PET substrate. FLA offers advantages over conventional annealing,including shorter processing times and improved material properties. The structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of the AZO films were assessed using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and Hall effect measurements. The results demonstrated that properties of AZO films varied with deposition and annealing conditions. Films deposited at 200 W and subjected to FLA exhibited superior crystallinity, with average visible light transmittance exceeding 80% and resistivity as low as 0.38 Ω·cm representing 95%improvement in transmittance. Electrical analysis revealed that carrier concentration, mobility, and resistivity were influenced by both sputtering and annealing parameters. These findings underscore the effectiveness of FLA in optimizing AZO thin film properties, highlighting potential in optoelectronics applications.
This work presents the formation of butyl levulinate,a potential fuel additive,and an excellent renewable chemical obtained by the butanolysis of furfuryl alcohol(FAL)over a solid acid *** butanolysis of furfuryl alco...
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This work presents the formation of butyl levulinate,a potential fuel additive,and an excellent renewable chemical obtained by the butanolysis of furfuryl alcohol(FAL)over a solid acid *** butanolysis of furfuryl alcohol reaction is a strong function of acidity for which tungstated zirconia(WO_(3)-ZrO_(2)),a robust solid acid catalyst,and a sulfonated carbon catalyst were employed to produce high yields of butyl levulinate targeting a lower initial molar ratio of butanol to FAL.A maximum of 28 mol%yield of butyl levulinate was obtained with tungstated zirconia *** prepared sulfonated carbon catalyst at high reaction temperatures facilitated the complete conversion of reaction intermediate,2-butoxymethylfuran(2-BMF)through which butyl levulinate was formed,and as high as 80 mol%of butyl levulinate yield was produced at an initial mole ratio of 8.5:1 of butanol to *** better results of sulfonated carbon catalyst could be attributed to the presence of-SO3H,carboxylic acid,and phenolic OH groups on the carbon surface.
The need for safe operation and effective maintenance of pipelines grows as oil and gas demand ***,it is increasingly imperative to monitor and inspect the pipeline system,detect causes contributing to developing pipe...
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The need for safe operation and effective maintenance of pipelines grows as oil and gas demand ***,it is increasingly imperative to monitor and inspect the pipeline system,detect causes contributing to developing pipeline damage,and perform preventive maintenance in a timely ***,pipeline inspection is performed at pre-determined intervals of several months,which is not sufficiently robust in terms of *** research proposes a drone and artificial intelligence reconsolidated technological solution(DARTS) by integrating drone technology and deep learning *** solution is aimed to detect the targeted potential root problems-pipes out of alignment and deterioration of pipe support system-that can cause critical pipeline failures and predict the progress of the detected problems by collecting and analyzing image data *** test results show that DARTS can be effectively used to support decision making for preventive pipeline maintenance to increase pipeline system s afety and resilience.
It is interesting that despite its long-term and widespread use in China,relatively little is known about the operational characteristics of a variable approach lane(VAL)in real *** one month of inductive-loop detecto...
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It is interesting that despite its long-term and widespread use in China,relatively little is known about the operational characteristics of a variable approach lane(VAL)in real *** one month of inductive-loop detector data at ten dynamic approaches(intersection approaches with dynamic lane assignment)from different intersections in Hangzhou,China,this paper presents the results of a study materializing the flow characteristics of variable approach lanes by comparing them with adjacent normal-flow lanes under various operating *** effectiveness of the results was examined in a case-control analysis by integrating 12 fixed approaches(without variable lane)as *** was found that the difference or similarity of flow rate between the variable lane and the normally-flowing lane differs under a variety of traffic volume,time-of-day,modeof-operation,and overhead lane-use guidance sign(OHS)location *** study also revealed that while naturally there may be a difference in the flow rates between referencing lanes at fixed approaches,the flow difference percentage(FDP)at dynamic approaches is significantly higher.
Backscatter communication and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) represent emerging paradigms in wireless communication, offering promising solutions to boost spectral and energy efficiency for energy-constrained d...
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Little research has been done for artificial intelligence applications of semiconductor backend. This study aims to develop a deep learning based fault diagnosis framework as prognostics and health management (PHM) so...
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This paper presents the design process of a control system for an automotive assembly line. An assembly line is composed of several zones, which in turn contain several stations. All the control functions are assured ...
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Significance: Burn injuries represent a global public health problem that kills an estimated 180,000 people annually. Non-fatal burns result in prolonged hospitalization, disfigurement, and disability. The most common...
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Significance: Burn injuries represent a global public health problem that kills an estimated 180,000 people annually. Non-fatal burns result in prolonged hospitalization, disfigurement, and disability. The most common, convenient, and widely used method for assessing burn depth is physical or visual examination, but the accuracy of this method is reportedly poor (60% to 75%). Rapid, correct assessment of burn depth is very important for the optimal management and treatment of burn patients. New methods of burn depth assessment that are inexpensive, simple, rapid, non-contact, and non-invasive are therefore needed. Aim: The aim of this study was to propose an approach to visualize the spatial distribution of burn depth using hemoglobin parameters estimated from spectral diffuse reflectance imaging and to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach for differentiating burn depth in a rat model of scald burn injury. Approach: The new approach to creating a spatial map of burn depth was based on canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) of total hemoglobin concentration, tissue oxygen saturation, and methemoglobin saturation as estimated from spectral diffuse reflectance images. Burns of three different degrees of severity were created in rat dorsal skin by 10-s exposure to water maintained at 70°C, 78°C, and 98°C, respectively. Spectral images for dorsal regions were acquired under anesthesia immediately after burn injury and at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after injury. Results: Most areas of images in the group with skin exposed to 70°C water and 98° C water were classified as 70°C burn and 98°C burn, respectively. In contrast, no significant difference between areas classified as 78°C burn and 98°C burn from 24 h to 72 h was evident in the group with skin exposed to 78°C water, suggesting that burn depth was heterogeneous. Conclusions: The proposed approach combining diffuse reflectance spectral imaging and CDA appears promising for differentiating 70°C burns from 78°C
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