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ESTABLISHING THE FUNDAMENTALS OF A SURFACE SHIP SURVIVABILITY DESIGN DISCIPLINE

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第1期106卷 71-74页

作者： BALL, RE CALVANO, CN Robert E. Ball:attended Northwestern University where he received BS and MS degrees in civil engineering in 1958 and 1959 and a Ph.D. in structural mechanics in 1962. From 1962 to 1967 he worked in the aerospace industry. In 1967 he joined the faculty of the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Monterey Ca. and is currently a professor in the department of aeronautics and astronautics. In 1976 Dr. Ball began developing an educational program in aircraft combat survivability at NPS. Approximately 3500 Navy Marine Army and Air Force officers DoD civilians and civilians from the US aircraft industry attended his NPS graduate level and short courses since 1977. He has conducted short courses for NATO and the governments of Canada and Greece. He has also developed similar graduate level courses at NPS in air defense lethality and surface ship combat survivability. He has conducted an extensive research program in survivability and lethality at NPS directing over 110 theses and in 1985 his 400 page textbook The Fundamentals of Aircraft Combat Survivability Analysis and Designwas published by AIAA. He is a Fellow of AIAA. Charles N. Calvano:is a 1963 graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and a 1970 graduate of MIT with an MS in ocean engineering and a naval engineer's degree. His active duty Navy career spanned twenty-eight years culminating in assignments in the Naval Sea Systems Command as the director of the ship design group and as the director for ship concepts and technology. He joined the faculty of the Naval Postgraduate School in October 1991 and is developing and teaching the total ship systems engineering curriculum discussed in this paper. He is a member of ASNE and of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers.

This paper describes a conceptual structure of ship survivability definitions and concepts and deals with the need to incorporate a total-ship approach to surface ship combat survivability as part of the philosophy used to guide a ship's design. Included are: A discussion of the increasing emphasis placed on ship survivability during the ship system development process. Definitions of the different aspects of ship survivability, in order to suggest a coordinated and coherent understanding of their relationships. A discussion of the value of making survivability considerations an integral part of the ship design philosophy, to ensure a requirements-based systems approach to all of the ship's required attributes, including survivability.

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LIVE FIRE TEST AND EVALUATION FOR SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 228-245页

作者： BLOOM, JB REESE, RM HOPKINS, TM Joel B. Bloom:is a staff specialist in the Office of the Deputy Director Land and Maritime Programs Test and Evaluation Directorate of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). He is the OSD action officer for developmental testing including live fire testing for ships submarines underwater weapons and Army direct fire weapons. He is responsible for day-to-day OSD oversight of Navy ship vulnerability and is a member of the crew casualty working group of the Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness. Previously he worked at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard the Marine Division of the Army Corps of Engineers the David Taylor Model Basin and the Office of Naval Intelligence and on the staff of the Navy's Ship Characteristics and Improvement Board. Mr. Bloom graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute with a BS in mechanical engineering (naval architecture and marine engineering). His graduate work was in oceanography and in engineering administration. He is a member of ASNE SNAME the International Test and Evaluation Association the U.S. Naval Institute and the Naval Submarine League and is listed inWho's Who in the East.He is a recent recipient of the Secretary of Defense Meritorious Civilian Service Medal. Dr. Ronald M. Reese:has headed the live fire test and evaluation sea systems team in the operational evaluation division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) for the past three years. From 1980–1990 he worked at NKF Engineering Inc. in various areas of ship survivability and ship design specializing in ship signature reduction. From 1960–1980 he served in the U.S. Navy as a surface line officer and in various capacities as an Engineering Duty Officer including Naval Ship Engineering Center Ship Design Manager for PHM and Continuing CV Conceptual Design NavSea PMS 378 Program Manager/SUPSHIP Newport News Project Officer forVirginia(CGN-38) class construction and Force Maintenance Officer Commander Naval Surface Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet. He retired from t

Live Fire Test and Evaluation (LFT&E) is a relatively recent addition to the requirements for ship acquisition programs. Ship LFT&E requires a combination of testing and analysis in order to evaluate the vulnerability of a new acquisition ship class to the threat weapons it is likely to encounter in combat. LFT&E supports the ship acquisition process by identifying vulnerability weaknesses early in a development program and enabling timely, well informed decisions regarding ship vulnerability reduction features. This paper discusses the various aspects of ship LFT&E and how they relate to make a positive impact on a ship acquisition program in a timely fashion. It describes a four-element approach to ship LFT&E consisting of (1) component, system, and full-scale ship tests, (2) surrogate tests, (3) damage scenario-based engineering analyses, and (4) a Total Ship Survivability Trial demonstrating the ability of the full-up ship to combat damage and ''fight hurt.''

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ANALYSIS OF A MOVABLE BOUNDARY ACCESS TECHNIQUE FOR A MULTISERVICE MULTIBEAM SATELLITE SYSTEM

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 299-312页

作者： BOHM, S ELHAKEEM, AK MURTHY, KMS HACHICHA, M KADOCH, M Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West Montreal H3A 1M8 Canada Was born in Montreal Canada on 14 September 1966. He received the B. Eng. degree in electrical engineering from Concordia University Montreal Canada in 1989. He is at present completing the M.A.Sc. degree in electrical engineering at Concordia University. (S'75–S'79–M'79–SM'86) received the Ph.D. degree from Southern Methodist University Dallas TX in 1979. He spent the next two years working as a Visiting Professor in Egypt after which he moved to Ottawa Canada in 1982. He assumed teaching and research positions in Carleton and Manitoba Univerities and later moved to Concordia University Montreal Canada in 1983 where he is now a Professor in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department. He has published numerous papers in IEEE and international journals in the areas of spread spectrum and networking. He is a well-known expert in these areas and serves as a consultant to many companies. His current research interests include wide-band metropolitan networks switching architectures and performance of on-board multibeam satellites acquisitionless CDMA networks code distribution and orthogonalization of CDMA signals responsive congestion control for ATM-based networks ARQ techniques and investigation of the novel SUGAR CDMA systems in fading channels. Dr. Elhakeem is a Senior Member of the Canadian Electrical Engineering Society and Armed Forces Association. He has chaired numerous technical sessions in IEEE Conferences was the Technical Program Chairman for IEEE Montech 1986 Montreal Canada. Dr. Elhakeem is the key guest editor of theIEEE Journal of Selected Areas in Communicationsfor the May June issues 1993 covering CDMA networks. Advanced Technology & Networks VISTAR Telecommunications Inc. Ottawa Ontario K1G 3J4 Canada . He is ITU's Specialist Consultant and Chief Advisor for a number of ITU/UNDP projects including VSATs Rural Networks Digital Broadc

In this paper, the performance of a new movable boundary accessing (MBA) technique for future integrated services multibeam satellite systems is studied. The multiservice environment considered includes both asynchronous and isochronous traffic consisting of video, voice, file transfer and interactive data. The movable boundary access technique proposed here will maximize the utilization of the up-link frame capacity. It is shown that the potential user population is substantially increased with the use of a moving boundary policy with minimal overhead.

关键词： MOVABLE BOUNDARY ACCESS TECHNIQUE MF-TDMA DAMA MULTIBEAM SATELLITE

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A POSSIBLE EFFECT OF SALINITY FLUCTUATION ON ABUNDANCE OF BENTHIC VEGETATION AND ASSOCIATED FAUNA IN NORTHEASTERN FLORIDA BAY

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ESTUARIES 1993年第4期16卷 703-717页

作者： MONTAGUE, CL LEY, JA 1. Systems Ecology Program Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences University of Florida 32611 Gainesville Florida

In southern Florida, a vast network of canals and water control structures mediate freshwater discharge into the coastal zone. management protocol for one such canal network (C-111) is being modified in part to try to improve habitat for estuarine fish and wading birds in northeastern Florida Bay, an estuarine part of Everglades National Park. Changes in canal management could alter the spatial and temporal salinity regime in the estuary. To better predict the effect of such changes on estuarine habitat, abundances of submersed vegetation and benthic animals were sampled repeatedly at 12 stations that differed in salinity. A variety of other parameters were also measured (nutrients, light, temperature, oxygen, sediment characteristics, and others). Mean salinity among stations ranged from 11.4 parts per thousand to 33.1 parts per thousand. Densities of benthic plants and animals differed among stations by several orders of magnitude. The standard deviation of salinity was the best environmental correlate with mean plant biomass and benthic animal density: less biota occurred at stations with greater fluctuations in salinity. The two stations with the least plant biomass also had the highest mean water temperatures. In a stepwise multiple regression analysis, standard deviation of salinity accounted for 59% of the variation in the logarithm of mean plant biomass among stations. For every 3 parts per thousand increase in the standard deviation, total benthic plant biomass decreased by an order of magnitude. Mean water temperature accounted for only 14% of the variation, and mean salinity was not included for lack of significance. At stations with widely fluctuating salinities, not only was biomass low, but species dominance also frequently changed. Severe fluctuation in salinity may have prevented abundant benthos by causing physiological stress that reduced growth and survival. Salinity may not have remained within the range of tolerance of any one plant species for

关键词： Salinity Biomass Plants Benthic plants Vegetation Animals Standard deviation Sediments Phosphorus Water temperature

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CRITICALLY INDEXING FOR JOB TASK IMPROVEMENT AT THE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER

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COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL engineering 1993年第1-4期25卷 303-306页

作者： JACKSON, AE SAFFORD, RR SWART, WW Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems University of Central Florida Orlando Florida 32816 USA (407) 823-2204

America's Space Exploration program is characterized by cutting edge technology in support of NASA's goals and research objectives. One principal component of the Space Shuttle System is the Orbiter Vehicle which undergoes necessary repairs and refurbishment at the Kennedy Space Center following each mission. The Orbiter's Thermal Protection System (TPS) is a mission critical component which protects the orbiter from the heat of re-entry from space. The University of Central Florida (UCF) research team was tasked with evaluating TPS processing requirements to reduce overall cycle times between operational missions. A job/task performance analysis was conducted to identify candidate TPS processes for evaluation and possible improvements. The research team developed a computer generated Improvement Potential Index (IPI) following a systematic data collection process. The IPI was then used to identify the top twenty processes which TPS engineers, quality assurance personnel and technicians identified as tasks which would most likely benefit from process improvement. The specified tasks were then analyzed for methods optimization. This paper documents the results of this effort to date, with emphasis on the Improvement Potential Index.

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A distributed-memory multi-thread multiprocessor architecture for computer vision and image processing: Optimized version of AMP 26

A distributed-memory multi-thread multiprocessor architectur...

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26th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS 1993

作者： Taniguchi, Rin-Ichiro Kawano, Tetsuo Amamiya, Makoto Department of Infomation Systems Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University 6- 1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga Fukuoka816 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0818632305

Presents a massively parallel machine for image processing and computer vision, designed to improve the AMP (Autonomous Multiprocessor), a previously designed pure-dataflow-based multiprocessor system for image processing, and to make it faster and more efficient for image processing and computer vision tasks. In the basic design of the AMP there was room for improvement, and, therefore, the authors have recently begun to redesign an improved version of the AMP. The key point of the improvement is to increase the efficiency of execution, especially by optimizing its token matching mechanism, which is indispensable for dataflow-based processors, and the flexibility in its resource management mechanism. The authors first discuss the defects of the previous image processors, then give an overview of the original AMP design. The methodology of its optimization, and the improved system design are presented. © 1993 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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THE WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE: Its Much More Than a Cost Reporting Structure

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INCOSE International Symposium 1993年第1期3卷 861-868页

作者： Lake, Jerry Systems Engineering Management Department Defense Systems Management College Fort Belvoir VA22060 United States

For the past 25 years of defense system acquisitions, the business side of government programs has controlled the underlying structure of the product-oriented work breakdown structure (WBS). As such, little interest has been shown by engineers in discussing or using a WBS to assist system development. In the past year, both Mil-Std-881 on work breakdown structures and Mil-Std-499 on systems engineering have undergone revision. The revised systems engineering standard creates new purposes and uses for an "engineering" work breakdown structure (EWBS) consistent with concurrent engineering implementation. These purposes and uses expand the historical role of a WBS for establishing, tracking and comparing cost accounts to satisfy management's need to have visibility into program costs. As a result, the structure of an EWBS differs in several aspects from the time honored structure of Mil-Std-881. This paper discusses the central role the engineering WBS takes in accomplishing world class systems engineering. The focus, therefore, is (1) on the major role the EWBS plays in systems engineering and (2) on the differences of the EWBS with the WBS generated to satisfy business needs. The EWBS is explained with respect to its specific roles in structuring the statement of work, assigning integrated product and process teams, and conducting incremental technical reviews. A proposed resolution is recommended for resolving perceived differences between business and engineering work breakdown structures. © 1993 The Authors.

关键词： Concurrent engineering

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Mil-Std-499B and the Practice of Technical Reviews

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INCOSE International Symposium 1993年第1期3卷 579-587页

作者： Fisher, Jack Lake, Jerry Systems Engineering Associates 4805 Dunman Ave. Woodland HillsCA91364 United States Systems Engineering Management Department Defense Systems Management College Fort BelvoirVA22060 United States

Although technical reviews are an important part of the systems engineering process, they have not received a great deal of attention in systems engineering literature. In this paper, technical reviews are discussed for a DoD acquisition program from both the government and contractor's perspective. Requirements for technical reviews that will be included in the about to be released Mil-Std-499B are summarized, including descriptions of types of reviews, review sequence, and review content. Opportunities for tailoring review requirements are discussed for several types of programs. Both government and contractor review responsibilities are discussed in light of the new incremental review and integrated product team approach in Mil-Std- 499B. The various steps in the contractor's process for conducting a review are described, including the content of a contractor's technical review plan and the roles of each participant in a "typical" review. Techniques for obtaining approval of a technical review by closing out action items are discussed. © 1993 The Authors.

关键词： Contractors

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A distributed-memory multi-thread multiprocessor architecture for computer vision and image processing: optimized version of AMP

A distributed-memory multi-thread multiprocessor architectur...

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Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS)

作者： R.-I. Taniguchi T. Kawano M. Amamiya Department of Infomation Systems Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

关键词： Computer architecture Computer vision Image processing Parallel machines Multiprocessing systems Resource management Design optimization

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HYDROCARBON VAPOR DIFFUSION IN INTACT CORE SLEEVES

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1993年第1期13卷 139-150页

作者： OSTENDORF, DW MOYER, EE XIE, YF RAJAN, RV David W. Ostendorf (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Ostendorf is a Registered Professional Engineer in Massachusetts and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Ground Water Association. Ellen E. Moyer (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a doctoral candidate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst with an M.S. degree in environmental engineering from that institution. Her research interests include subsurface investigation soil venting bioremediation and analytical modeling of subsurface contamination. She has six years of professional experience managing hazardous waste site investigation and cleanup projects and is a member of the National Ground Water Association and the American Society of Civil Engineers. Yuefeng Xie (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003) is a postdoctoral research associate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. His research interests include environmental analyses drinking water treatment and the chemical characterization and removal of disinfection by-products. A graduate with a Ph.D. and an M.S. in environmental engineering and a B.S. in chemistry and chemical engineeering from Tsinghua University Beijing China Xie is a member of the American Water Works Association and the Water Poll

The diffusion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) and 2,2,5-trimethylhexane (TMH) vapors out of residually contaminated sandy soil from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) field research site at Traverse City, Michigan, was measured and modeled. The headspace of an intact core sleeve sample was swept with nitrogen gas to simulate the diffusive release of hydrocarbon vapors from residual aviation gasoline in and immediately above the capillary fringe to a soil-venting air flow in the unsaturated zone. The resulting steady-state profile was modeled using existing diffusivity and air porosity estimates in a balance of diffusive flux and a first order source term. The source strength, which was calibrated with the observed flux of 2,2,4-TMP leaving the sleeve, varied with the residual gasoline remaining in the core, but was independent of the headspace sweep flow rate. This finding suggested that lower soil-venting air flow rates were in principle as effective as higher air flow rates in venting LNAPL vapors from contaminated soils. The saturated vapor concentration ratio of 2,2,4-TMP to 2,2,5-TMH decreased from 6.6 to 3.5 over the duration of the experiments in an expression of distillation effects. The vertical profile model was tested against sample port data in four separate experiments for both species, yielding mean errors ranging from 0 to -24 percent in magnitude.

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