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CABLE BURIAL IN THE DEEP OCEAN-FLOOR

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 218-230页

作者： ROCKWELL, PK ENGEL, JH PIERCY, WB Mr. Philip K. Rockwell joined the Ocean Engineering Department at the Civil Engineering Laboratory (CEL) in 1969 after receiving his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Engineering from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) and in 1973 won the WEPCOSE Scholarship which took him to the University of Washington for postgraduate studies in Fluid Power Control Systems. Since joining CEL he has specialized in Underwater Manipulator and Diver Tool Systems has been the Project Engineer and Navy certified submersible operator for the manned submersible NEMO and has been responsible for the design test and evaluation of submersible fluid power and fluid power control systems. His most recent efforts have been on the Deep Ocean Cable Burial System for which he has been responsible for concept development program management validation testing. and coordination and planning for the total system design and fabrication. Mr. Rockwell is an Engineer-in-Training (EIT) in the state of California and in 1979 was awarded the Meritorious Civil Service Award for his outstanding performance. Mr. John H. Engel Jr. is a Mechanical Engineer in the Construction Systems Division Ocean Engineering Department. of the Civil Engineering Laboratory. He is a graduate of Oregon State University for which he received both his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering. Prior to joining CEL in 1975 he was involved with the design and development of remote oceanographic devices for the School of Oceanography at Oregon State University. At CEL he has worked in the areas of Underwater Gas Generation and Buoyant Lift Systems and at the present time is responsible for the mechanical design of the shallow water mooring for the initial ocean tests of the Current Measurement System. Mr. Engle also is a registered Engineer-in-Training in the state of Oregon. Mr. William Bruce Piercy at the present time is a student at the University of California at Berkeley where he is studying for his M.S. degree in Engineering having received his B.S. degr

Bottom fishing equipment employed by scallopers and trawlers routinely damage or break important Navy Oceanographic cables resulting in substantial repair coats and unacceptable system interruption. The Civil engineering Laboratory (CEL), sponsored by the Naval Facilities engineering Command (NAVFACENGCOM), has been developing and validating an engineering concept for a Deep Ocean Cable Burial (DOCB) System. This DOCB System will providethe Navy with an efficient, effective and reliable means of burying cables 3-feet deap in ocean mediments, at speeds not less than one knot, to water depths of 6,000 feet. The DOCB System b a remotely controlled machine which underruns and buries existing (previously laid) cables. It is powered and controlled from a surface ship via an electromechanical umbilica cable. The machine is self-propelled by ducted thrusters and supported on water lubricated skids. The excavation system computer an orbital vibrating plowshareand a vertical waterjet. Full-scale field testing at CEL baa keyed on three areas: •. Quantifying the reduction in drawbar force achieved by applying orbital vibration to an upward cutting plowshare. •. Evaluating a Vertically impinging jet nozzle for depth of a cut M a function of jet operating parameters. •. Demonstrating the effect on the soil drag of a flat-bottomed skid due to forcing a thin layer of water between the skid and the seafloor. The field teats of an orbital vibratory plow were performed in a 1 to 2 psi clay simllar to that found on the ocean floor. The results showed that a 70% reduction in drawbar force was achieved by applying an elliptical orbital vibration. It was also shown that the vibration feature would split or push aside buried rocks which would have stalled a conventional stationary plow. The water jet tests demonstrated that a 2 1/2-in. nozzle cuts 36-in. deep in 1 to 2 psi clay. The nozzle pressure was 75 psi and flow was 1,200 gpm. The water jet did not produce a clearly defined trench, b

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INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN OF MARINE TURBINES USING INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the Interactive Graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine department (engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using Interactive Graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam department are outlined.

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TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN AIRCRAFT CARRIER DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第5期92卷 71-85页

作者： REIN, RJ RYAN, JC USN (RET.) Cdr. Robert J. Rein USN (Ret.)currently is the Director of Naval Support Systems for the Columbia Research Corporation Washington D. C. At the time this paper was presented he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving as the Ship Design Manager for the CVV Naval Sea Systems Command. Prior to that his duty assignments included Deputy Program Manager for the Sea Control Ship Assistant Ship Material Officer. Staff of Commander Naval Air Force U.S. Pacific Fleet and Type Desk Officer for Cruisers/Destroyers and New Construction (CG 30) at the former Hunter's Point Naval Shipyard. He is a graduate of General Motors Institute an accredited private college sponsored by the General Motors Corporation: the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School Monterey. Calif.: and the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir. Va. Additionally. he has had extensive postgraduate study in Systems Management at The George Washington University. Cdr. Rein is extremely active in his support of professional engineering societies and as a member of ASNE since 1964 has been responsible for the founding of ASNE Local Sections on the west coast and presently is serving as the Society's National Assistant Secretary-Treasurer. In addition he also was the creator and coordinator for the highly successful. Society sponsored Symposium “Aircraft Carriers — Present and Future.”which was held in October 1976 at the U.S. Grant Hotel. San Diego. Calif. and was the first such Symposium jointly sponsored by an Operating Fleet command and a professional society. Mr. J. Christopher Ryanreceived his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from Webb Institute of Naval Architecture in 1967 and his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1969. His initial work experience was at Litton Ship Systems where he was associated primarily with the general arrangements development of the DD 963 Class design. Subsequently. he was employed at the former Naval Ship Engineering Center with work as

Since the signing of the Contract Design Plane for the CVN 68 (the U.S. Navy's latest Class of Aircraft Carriers) In 1963, considerable technological advances have been made in Naval Ship Design. This paper provides specific examples of how new technology has affected traditional Carrier design practices and techniques, and also indicates areas where future advanced technology will be needed. It is divided into four sections: 1) Computer Design Application; 2) Total Ship Energy Conservation Analysis; 3) Advances in Structural Design; and 4) Impact of V/STOL Aircraft. The increased use of the computer to define ship characteristics in the initial stage of ship design is discussed, followed by a report on efforts to include energy conservation as an integral part of the design process. The energy conservation approach uses traditional analytical techniques to develop innovative design configurations that will achieve energy savings. Of the many advances in Carrier structural design, two specific examples are given: 1) Elimination of the infamous “knee-knockers” (high sills in passageway openings) common to Gallery Deck structure, and 2) Successful attempts at reducing the thickness of aircraft elevator platforms. The paper concludes by pointing out some possible challenges facing the ship designer and some of the technology already created by the expected introduction of advanced design Vertical/Short Takeoff and Landing (V/STOL) aircraft.

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CENTML CONTROL SYSTEM TRAINING THROUGH STA TIC AND DYNAMIC SIMULATION

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第2期92卷 196-206页

作者： HALL, EDWIN E. MOSS, DONALD G. NORRIS, CLIFFORD S. PETERSON, HAROLD D. Mr. Edwin E. Hall received his Bachelor's degree in Electronics from Oklahoma City University. He also is a certified College-Level Instructor in the state of Florida and has done graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Florida. As the Technical Publications and Training Manager Simulation and Control Systems Department. General Electric Company Daytona Beach Fla. he currently is responsible for the costing. planning performance scheduling and timely completion of the Department's Technical Manuals and Technical Training Programs. These Training and Manual contracts cover Ship Systems Programs. Simulation Programs. and Communications Programs for the Armed Services and commercial customers. Mr. Hall has over twenty-years experience as a Technical Writer and Instructor and for the past seventeen years has been at the General Electric Company's Daytona Beach Facility. His experience ranges from teaching Basic Electronics and Radar Circuitry as a civilian instructor for the U.S. Army to writing Manuals Proposals Reports Specifications and Brochures for General Electric's product lines. Mr. Donald G. MOSS is a graduate of Kansas State University from which he received both his B.S. degree in Business Administration and his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering. He is presently a Senior Systems Engineer for Control Systems in the Simulation and Control Systems Department at the General Electric Company's Daytona Beach Facility. He has been employed by General Electric for 23 years — the first seven as an Engineer and Program Manager on the Fire Control Systems for the Fleet Ballistics Missile Program the next six managing the design of control and checkout equipment on the APOLLO Program and the last ten years working on control equipment for the machinery plants of new Navy ships. Over the span of years at General Electric he has worked on propulsion control for the DD-963 propulsion electric plant and auxiliary control for the FFG-7: propulsion boiler burner electric auxiliary and car

Dynamic Simulation is defined as the hardware and software required to present to the student operator visual and audible cues and responses that are the same as those encountered when operating the Control Consoles aborad ship. This type of simulation is considered essential to the development of operator skills for critical tasks. Less critical tasks can be practiced using static simulation devices. This paper discusses the utilization of these types of training devices to train Navy crews. An overview of the Machinery Control systems of the FFG 7 and AO 177 Class ships is discussed to provide an understanding of state‐of‐the‐art equipment development. The training programs for these two ship Classes are then reviewed to show how simulation devices are currently used by the Training Community, and this is followed by a brief discussion of the additional benefits that also are derived. © 1980 by the American Society of Naval Engineers, Inc.

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COMPUTER AIDS FOR SHIP DESIGN, INTEGRATION AND CONTROL

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 73-87页

作者： CARLSON, CM JOHNSON, RA HELMING, FW Mr. Craig M. Carlson received his B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the University of Michigan in 1970 and began his career with the Department of the Navy at the Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC). In 1972. he returned to the University of Michigan under the NAVSEC Long Term Training Program and received his M.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering. After returning to the Ship Arrangements Branch at NAVSEC. he was assigned as Task Leader for General Arrangements for the PGG PCG PHM. and MCM ship designs and was awarded Outstanding Performance Awards in 1974 and 1975. In addition he was Manager of the Arrangement Subsystem of the Navy's Computer-Aided Ship Design and Construction Program (CASDAC). In October 1979. he became Manager of the CASDAC Hull Design System. Currently. he also is enrolled in the M.S. of Computer Science Program at Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Carlson previously has presented technical papers at ASNE Day 1974 and 1978 as well as at the 1979 DOD Manufacturing Technology Advisory Group Conference. Besides ASNE. which he joined in 1972. he is a member of SNAME. ASE. and the U.S. Naval Institute. Mr. Robert A. Johnson is a Naval Architect in Surface Combatants Design (SEA 03D3). Ship Design Integration Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command. He received an Associate in Engineering degree in Drafting and Design Technology in 1959. his B.S. degree in Aerospace Engineering in 1965. and his M.S. degree in Engineering Mechanics in 1970. all from the Pennsylvania State University. In 1973. he was selected for the NA VSEC Hull Division s Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan subsequently receiving his M.S.E. degree in Naval Architecture in 1974. Mr. Johnson began his career with the Ordnance Research Laboratory at Pennsylvania State University in 1959 where he worked. on the design of hydroelastic submarine models and conducted research in the area of flow induced structural vibrations. In 1967 he joined HRB-Singer at State Colle

This paper presents an integrated approach to Computer-Aided Ship Design for U.S. Navy preliminary and contract design. An integrated Hull Design System (HDS), currently under development by the Hull Group of the Naval Sea systems Command (NAVSEA 32). is the vehicle for the discussion. This paper is directed toward practicing ship design professionals and the managers of the ship design process. Primary emphasis of this paper, and of the development effort currently under way, is on aiding ship design professionals in their work. Focus is on integration and management control of the extremely complex set of processes which make up naval ship design. The terminology of the Ship Designer and Design Manager is used. The reader needs no familiarity with the technologies of computer science.

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THE management OF SURFACE SHIP MAINTENANCE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第6期92卷 71-83页

作者： WOODRUFF, RB USN THE AUTHORgraduated from the U.S. Naval Academy with distinction in 1964. He served initially in theUSS Davis (DD-937)as Main Propulsion Assistant attended the Naval Destroyer School. and then was a member of the Pre-Commissioning Crew and Engineer Officer in theUSS Julius A. Furer (DEG-6).Selected as an Engineering Duty Officer (ED) in 1968. he had a tour in the Maintenance Department Staff of Commander Cruiser-Destroyer Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet at Newport. R.I. after which he attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology for graduate studies which culminated in his receiving his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering and his degree of Ocean Engineer in 1972. Following graduation he was assigned to the Boston Naval Shipyard followed by two years in theUSS Puget Sound (AD-38) asRepair Officer after which he was ordered to the Norfolk Naval Shipyard as the Production Engineering Officer. Currently he is on duty in the Naval Sea Systems Command (PMS 399) where he is the Trials Officer and Deputy Hull Technical Director for the OLIVER HAZARD PERRY (FFG 7) Class Acquisition Program. Cdr. Woodruff is a qualified Surface Warfare Officer. and among his military decorations holds the Naval Achievement Medal and the Vietnamese Meritorious Unit Citation Gallantry Cross. In addition to ASNE which he joined in 1967. he is a member of SNAME and the U.S. Naval Institute. and his two previous papers on Naval Shipyard Production presented at ASNE Day 1978 and 1979 were published in theNaval Engineers JournalVol. 90 No. 2 (April 1978) and Vol. 91. No. 2 (April 1979).

The purpose of the paper is to address the current dilemma facing the Surface Ship Navy as it approaches the twenty-first century. The basic underlying thesis is that the Maintenance Community has lost sight of the goal it must have: to support the Commanding Officer of a ship to get his ship from point A to point B with its weapons system ready. To do this, three basic things must occur: 1) the ship must be capable of getting underway and steaming (i.e., turn the screw); 2) the ship must have its weapons systems working and “up” in all respects (i.e., fight the ship); and 3) the Crew must be prepared (i.e., have sufficient training). It Is submitted that we have lost sight of this fact. There remains an inordinate amount of concern over appearance (external and internal), habitability, plaques, inspections, and various human factors programs, and funds may be spent in there areas when the main machinery plant and missile systems are “down.” A recent example is the effort to remove every speck of wood from all Navy ships including picture frames. Training is addressed also as the third key element missing, particularly in the main machinery spaces. A brief examination is made of the ship cycle as it gas into the maintenance mode, i.e., delivery plus one to two years. A comparison is made with the basic Submarine Force approach to this problem and when the Surface Community may take a page out of the Submarine Force book. An addressed are: 1) Current Ship's Maintenance Project (CSMP); 2) Planned Maintenance System (PMS); 3) Pre-Overhaul Test and Inspection (POT&I); 4) Long lead time SHIPALT material, 5) Intermediate Maintenance Activity (IMA) role (Tenders and SIMAS); and 6) Shipyard role and facilities.

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U.S. SHIPBUILDING: THE SEVENTIES IN RETROSPECT —THE PROSPECTS FOR THE EIGHTIES

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Naval Engineers Journal 1980年第4期92卷 25-38页

作者： FISHER, JAMES R. COADY, PHILIP USN Capt. James Ronald Fisher USN is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy. Class of 1958. has his M.A. degree in Management and is an Engineering Duty Officer (ED). He has served in a Destroyer and four Attack and Fleet Ballistic Missile Submarines as Training Officer of the Nuclear Propulsion Unit. West Milton N. Y. and at the Charleston Naval Shipyard where he also was the Chairman of the ASNE Charleston Section. He was ordered to the National Defense University from duty in the Industrial Management Directorate Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). and has just recently been reassigned to the Submarine Platform Directorate at NA VSEA. Cdr. Philip Coady USN is a graduate of Tufts University from which he received his A.B. degree in 1963 and also the Naval Postgraduate School. Monterey. Calif. from which he received his M.S. degree in 1972. His sea experience has been predominently in Destroyers. most recently as Executive Officer of the USS Claude V. Ricketts (DDG-S) and has had two tours in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OP-090) his latest being that of Special Assistant for Financial Management to the Director of Navy Program Planning (OP-090). Currently he is under orders to assume command of the USS Conolly (DD-979).

This paper reviews the recent turbulent history of the U.S. Shipbuilding Industry, its present status, and its prospects for the decade ahead. The Authors suggest that current maritime policy and the trend of market f...

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SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS FOR MULTIVARIABLE MODELS - METHODOLOGY AND APPLICATION FOR THE ECONOMICS OF ENERGY management-systems

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COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL engineering 1979年第3期3卷 235-241页

作者： HOSNI, YA DOERING, RD Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems University of Central Florida Orland Florida U.S.A.

Sensitivity analysis is a technique by which analytical models are perturbed to determine variables which have the greatest effect on the model outcome. In cases where a large number of variables are involved with varying and/or opposing contributions to the model output, it may be difficult to include all the variables in one model. A methodology has been developed, however, that will enable the analyst to model cases with large numbers of indirect as well as direct variables, with or without conflicting relationships. The model sensitivity to any such variables can be *** can be classified as direct or indirect based on their relationship to the model output. The method involves building an interface between the indirect variables and the direct ones and modifying a basic model before measuring the sensitivity of the model for a given variable. Sensitivity is measured through the computation of the model value; each time a variable is assigned a new value between predetermined limits. This method was formulated analytically, and a computer program was written to facilitate using the models for survey purposes as well as sensitivity analysis depending on the application. Figure.

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The mixed postman problem

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Discrete Applied Mathematics 1979年第1-2期1卷 89-103页

作者： Kappauf, Charles H. Koehler, Gary J. Department of Industrial Engineering Systems Management Engineering Operations Research Pittsburgh PA 15261 United States Department of Management University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 United States

The mixed postman problem is formulated as an integer linear program. A one to one correspondence is established between the extreme points of the linear programming polyhedron and prime assigned Euler networks. A prime assigned Euler network gives rise to a set of length equivalent prime postman tours. Some prime postman tour is optimal. Thus, it is sufficient to search the extreme points of the polyhedron to find an optimal postman tour. © 1979.

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MK-92 FIRE-CONTROL SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1979年第4期91卷 69-76页

作者： RYAN, FN BERLIN, J Mr. Floyd N. Ryan graduated from Frostburg State College and has performed graduate studies in Technology of Management at American University and University of Southern California. He is presently Executive Director of the Surface Missile Systems Sub-Group in the Naval Sea Systems Command. He was previously Deputy Project Manager of the MK-92 FCS/MK-75 Gun Project Deputy Systems Engineering Manager in the AEGIS Project and Surface Missile Systems Branch Head in the Naval Ordnance Systems Command. His earlier experience with the Department of the Navy included the Engineering Interface Management Office in the Bureau of Ships the Foreign Ship Systems Engineering Office and Switching Systems Design Office at RCA Service Company and he served for four years in the U.S. Navy as an Electronic Technician Petty Officer. In addition to ASNE he is a member of the Association of Scientists and Engineers and is the Executive Director (NAVSEA) for the 1978-79 term. In addition to several outstanding performance awards and citations for achievement Mr. Ryan received the Navy Meritorious Civilian Service Award for exceptional contribution to the development of the AEGIS Weapon System. Mr. Jack Berlin received his Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering from the City College of New York and his M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Columbia University. He spent eight years in the Radar and Microwave Electronics Section of the Naval Material Laboratory. Subsequently. he has had extensive experience in Radar and Fire Control Systems. This has included responsibility for the design and field evaluation of the GFCS MK 87 Radar. From 1972 to 1973 he was the Sperry Program Manager for the Fire Control System (FCS) MK 92. His current assignment is Assistant Manager for New Developments of Missile and Gun Fire Control Systems for the U.S. Navy. He is a member of the Tau Beta Pi and Eta Kappa Nu Honorary Societies.

The MK 92 Fire Control System (FCS) & a new, integrated, highly reliable and light-weight U.S. Navy Fire Control System for missile and gun control. This system, which is in production for the FFG, PCG, PGG and PHM Ship Classes, provides the detection and automation required for modern naval warfare. Search radar data & presented at a very high rate at the operator's console, a highly integrated man-machine interface. Utilization of monopulse and “track-while-scan” techniques result in multiple target tracking capability. The system console(s) offer a self-contained command and control capability and, in addition, standard digital computer channels provide the versatile interface with the ship's command and control, integrating the complete engagement process. Error cancellation techniques are employed to obtain high performance accuracy even under severe environmental conditions. The low manning requirement for both operation and maintenance is a key system attribute for all applications. Comprehensive “at-sea” evaluations, performed by the U.S. Navy, demonstrated successful system operation in all modes of surveillance, multi-target tracking and simultaneous missile and gun engagements. The “at-sea” performance record of the FCS MK 92 was cited by the Chief of Naval Operations to have established new standards for Naval Surface Weapons systems.

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