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A Machine Learning Approach to Detect Lung Nodules Using Reinforcement Learning Based on Imbalanced Classification

SN Computer Science 2024年第4期5卷 370页

作者： Rezaei, Seyed Reza Ahmadi, Abbas Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) Tehran Iran

Lung cancer is one of the fatal diseases affecting millions of people globally. Importantly, accuracy and rapid lung nodules detection on CT images are significant challenges. Doctors and radiologists' manual detection of lung nodules have low efficiency due to the variety of size, shape, and nodule’s location. Approaches based on machine learning play a fundamental and important role in the integration and analysis of these large and complex data sets. Considering the different viewpoints of learning methods and diverse lung cancer data, machine learning is an attractive and interesting method for researchers. This paper proposes a novel machine-learning approach to detect lung nodules using reinforcement learning based on imbalanced classification. Due to many healthy data, the ANN classifier tends towards this class rather than the suspicious one. To avoid this problem, we apply reinforcement learning to learn ANN parameters. The results obtained from our proposed model on the LIDC-IDRI data set showed better results than state of the arts on standard performance metrics such as IOU and HD. Also, according to accuracy metrics proposed method have the highest value of 94.91, compared to the previous best methods. Compared with advanced approaches, experimental results on the LIDC dataset indicated that the proposed model could detect various nodules and achieve the highest accuracy at the lowest time. Due to the nature of imbalanced data on most cancers, the proposed method can be adapted to other cancers. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2024.

关键词： CT images Imbalanced classification Lung cancer Machine learning approach Reinforcement learning

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Factorial design analytics on effects of material parameter uncertainties in multiphysics modeling of additive manufacturing

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1848-1865页

作者： Amanda Giam Fan Chen Jiaxiang Cai Wentao Yan Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore

A bottleneck in Laser Powder Bed Fusion(L-PBF)metal additive manufacturing(AM)is the quality inconsistency of its *** address this issue without costly experimentation,computational multi-physics modeling has been used,but the effectiveness is limited by parameter uncertainties and their *** propose a full factorial design and variable selection approach for the analytics of main and interaction effects arising from material parameter uncertainties in multi-physics *** is collected from high-fidelity thermal-fluid simulations based on a 2-level full factorial design for 5 selected material *** physical phenomena of the L-PBF process are analyzed to extract physics-based domain knowledge,which are used to establish a validation checkpoint for our *** data visualization with half-normal probability plots,interaction plots and standard deviation plots,is used to assess if the checkpoint is being *** then apply the combination of best subset selection and the LASSO method on multiple linear regression models for comprehensive variable *** yield statistically and phyiscally validated findings with practical implications,emphasizing the importance of parameter interactions under uncertainty,and their relation to the underlying physics of L-PBF.

关键词： parameter additive analytic

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Resilience indices from a family of recovery functions

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 13-20页

作者： Loon Ching Tang Lijuan Shen Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore117576 Singapore ETH Zurich Future Resilient SystemsSingapore-ETH Centre138602 Singapore

Defining and measuring resilience using a unified framework has been a topic of intense *** article presents a perspective on how resilience could be quantitatively assessed through a set of *** starts with a brief explanation of resilience in the context of supply chain and a quick summary of existing quantitative measures of *** then discusses how resilience could be quantified in a constructive manner so that the resulting metrics are representative of the performance throughout the system's life *** particular,it is proposed that resilience should be evaluated according to different time periods,***,during and after a disruption has *** dimensions of resilience,namely reliability,robustness,recovery and reconfigurability,can then be used to make up a set of indices for *** numerical illustration,these indices are computed based on recovery data arising from Hurricane Sandy in October ***,it is postulated that resilience will be the performance metric that complements productivity and sustainability as the third pillar for measuring success of organizations,and in turn,that of sovereign countries in their quests for developing smart cities.

关键词： systems resilience Recovery function Recovery index Robustness index Reconfigurability

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A revenue-based decision-making approach for evaluating modular product release plans under resource constraints

A revenue-based decision-making approach for evaluating modu...

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作者： Adegbola, Adewole Allada, Venkat Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Department Missouri University of Science and Technology RollaMO65401 United States

This study introduces the module substitution concept to develop an approach for assessing different strategies for modular product release in a technology-receptive market. We consider a situation where product variants emerge from modules which have varying modular relationships, and each module is defined by specific attributes. The statistical program evaluation and review technique (statistical PERT) was then adopted to address the uncertainties associated with module attributes. A practical example involving the development of modules, product families and their product variants is used to demonstrate the applicability of the approach in which feasible strategies that satisfy the development resource constraint were identified. We then introduced a substitute module to yield a product variant and re-evaluated the strategies. The results obtained shows that the approach is instrumental in assessing various alternatives based on launch timings and revenue generation and can be adopted by managers in deciding on the appropriate product release plan. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Decision making

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Shifting, Not Shrinking? Exploring Labor Roles in Traditional and Automated Taxi Services

Shifting, Not Shrinking? Exploring Labor Roles in Traditiona...

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IISE Annual Conference and Expo 2023

作者： Kaplan, Leah Szajnfarber, Zoe Helveston, John Paul Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering The George Washington University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713877851

systems engineering has often concerned itself with how operator and customer roles change when systems change. In the context of automated vehicles (AVs), it has been assumed that operators will be removed from the system, but new insights reveal that the role of operators (typically thought of as drivers) has been transformed, not eliminated. In this study, we identify how taxi companies, Transportation Network Companies (TNCs, e.g., Uber and Lyft), and AV companies use varying organizational architectures to achieve required functions, and we explore how these architectures might change with the emergence of automated taxi services. Drawing on field observations, detailed ethnographic studies, archival documents, and semi-structured interviews with AV technical and operational experts, we identify and detail required functions for these services. Preliminary results reveal that the structures of commercial AV taxi services more closely parallel traditional taxi organizations rather than current TNCs based on their capital cost and human labor requirements. Future research will explore short and long-term development pathways for AV systems and their associated structural and functional requirements. While the structures of these AV companies will continue to develop alongside the automation technologies, early explorations of AV organizations can promote dialogue about regulations that might direct emerging AV services toward more desirable service and labor outcomes. © IISE and Expo *** rights reserved.

关键词： Taxicabs

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Time Saves Lives: Optimizing Pediatric Clinic Patient Visit Times

Time Saves Lives: Optimizing Pediatric Clinic Patient Visit ...

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2023 systems and Information engineering Design Symposium, SIEDS 2023

作者： Arnsberger, Julia C. Jacquat, Amelia J. O'Keefe, Michael J. The George Washington University Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300642

Inefficient workflows in hospitals are a growing problem as the demand for medical services increases faster than an institution's ability to assist patient needs. To support the population's medical demand, hospitals must optimize their current patient visit cycles to lower cycle times with the aim of increasing throughput. This study focuses on identifying inefficiencies of the patient visit cycle at the Orthopedic Clinic of Children's National Hospital in Washington, DC. The project goal compromises three main research questions: (i) How can the patient visit cycle be modeled to demonstrate interdependencies between the cycle segments and segment actions? (ii) How can the cycle segment times be represented as mathematical probability distributions? and (iii) How can simulation of the patient visit cycle assess time effects of new policies? To investigate the questions, the team conducted interviews, performed observational site visits, collected data, fit data to distributions, and used the distributions to develop a simulation model in Simioä of the patient visit cycle. The team will apply policies to the simulation to assess the effects on the patient time in system and total throughput. From this analysis, suggestions can be made to the clinic. The proposed improvements include adjustments to labor schedules, patient arrivals, and provider rooms that optimize the workflow of the Orthopedic Clinic at the Children's National Hospital. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

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A budget-adaptive allocation rule for optimal computing budget allocation

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European Journal of Operational Research 2025年第2期325卷 247-260页

作者： Cao, Zirui Wang, Haowei Chew, Ek Peng Li, Haobin Tan, Kok Choon Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore 1 Engineering Drive 2 Singapore117576 Singapore Department of Analytics and Operations National University of Singapore 15 Kent Ridge Drive Singapore119245 Singapore

Simulation-based ranking and selection (R&S) is a popular technique for optimizing discrete-event systems (DESs). It evaluates the mean performance of system designs by simulation outputs and aims to identify the best system design from a set of alternatives by intelligently allocating a limited simulation budget. In R&S, the optimal computing budget allocation (OCBA) is an efficient budget allocation rule that asymptotically maximizes the probability of correct selection (PCS). In this paper, we first show the asymptotic OCBA rule can be recovered by considering a large-scale problem with a specific large budget. Considering a sufficiently large budget can greatly simplify computations, but it also causes the asymptotic OCBA rule ignoring the impact of budget. To address this, we then derive a budget-adaptive rule under the setting where budget is not large enough to simplify computations. The proposed budget-adaptive rule determines the ratio of total budget allocated to designs based on the budget size, and its budget-adaptive property highlights the significant impact of budget on allocation strategy. Based on the proposed budget-adaptive rule, two heuristic algorithms are developed. In the numerical experiments, the superior efficiency of our proposed allocation rule is shown. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Budget-adaptive allocation rule Optimal computing budget allocation Ranking and selection Simulation

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A Personalized E-Mail Category Generation Model 4

A Personalized E-Mail Category Generation Model

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4th IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer, and Energy Technologies, ICECET 2024

作者： Yang, Shih-Ting Zhang, You-Xing Chen, Ching-Hsuan Management of Feng Chia University Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395914

When e-mail users wish to manage4 their e-mails, they need to read the e-mail content to identify the e-mail properties, and then classify and manage the e-mails themselves. However, large numbers of e-mails become very time-consuming to manually classify. Previous studies have therefore developed various related e-mail classification techniques. However, users often send private e-mails, and their contents will mainly consist of implicit personal life experiences and expertise. Existing classification techniques based on specified fields thus lack accuracy when it comes to personal e-mail classification. That is, based on personal knowledge, life experiences and other factors, the required e-mail categories of each e-mail user might be different. This paper therefore proposes a Personalized E-Mail Category Generation model to generate personalized e-mail categories allowing users to efficiently manage their own e-mails. In the proposed model, semantic analysis technology is used to analyze and extract critical features from e-mail content. Based on these critical features, clustering technology is employed to distinguish e-mail groups and generate corresponding names as personalized e-mail categories. Therefore, the proposed method can automatically generate personalized e-mail categories to assist e-mail users in managing their private e-mails. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Clustering Email Classification Personalized E-mail Semantic Analysis

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Including mechanical requirements in a bi-objective nesting and scheduling model for additive manufacturing

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European Journal of Operational Research 2025年第3期325卷 416-432页

作者： Kucukkoc, Ibrahim Finco, Serena Peron, Mirco Aydin Keskin, Gulsen Department of Industrial Engineering Balikesir University Cagis Campus Balikesir10145 Turkey Department of Management and Engineering University of Padova Vicenza36100 Italy Department of Information Systems Supply Chain Management & Decision Support NEOMA Business School Mont-Saint-Aignan76130 France

Following the increasing relevance of Additive Manufacturing (AM) as Manufacturing-as-a-service (Maas), the AM scheduling (and related nesting) problem has been increasingly investigated. Due to their business nature, Maas companies are interested in minimizing both the makespan and the total tardiness;however, most of the literature focuses only on one of them. This work fills this gap proposing a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that minimizes both makespan and total tardiness. In doing so, for the first time in the literature, considerations on parts’ strength are included. During nesting procedures, indeed, parts can be oriented in different ways, with this choice affecting not only the total processing time (as considered by the literature) but also the strength achievable: if this is lower than what planned, parts might fail unexpectedly with detrimental consequences. Thus, this work ensures that parts are produced with the required strength. In doing so, we focus on a parallel unrelated AM batch scheduling problem for metallic parts. Considering the multi-objective and NP-hard nature of the problem, an Ε-constraint algorithm and a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) are developed to solve the problem. Four different problem-specific decoding mechanisms are integrated into the NSGA-II to improve its search capability and solution-building performance. Their performances are evaluated through computational experiments, showing that the integrated mechanisms improve the performance of the NSGA-II. Finally, through numerical instances and analysis of the super Pareto front, we derive managerial insights on the impact of strength requirements and machines’ number and features on the objectives. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Mixed-integer linear programming

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Application of Multi-Criteria Decision and Simulation Approaches to Selection of Additive Manufacturing Technology for Aerospace Application

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 1623-1648页

作者： Ilesanmi Afolabi Daniyan Rumbidzai Muvunzi Festus Fameso Julius Ndambuki Williams Kupolati Jacques Snyman Department of Mechatronics Engineering Bells University of TechnologyOtaP.M.B.1015Nigeria Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Cape Peninsula University of TechnologyCape Town7535South Africa Centre for Climate Change Water Security and Disaster ManagementDepartment of Civil EngineeringTshwane University of TechnologyPretoria0183South Africa

This study evaluates the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process(FAHP)as a multi-criteria decision(MCD)support tool for selecting appropriate additive manufacturing(AM)techniques that align with cleaner production and environmental *** FAHP model was validated using an example of the production of aircraft components(specifically fuselage)employing AM technologies such as Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing(WAAM),laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF),Binder Jetting(BJ),Selective Laser Sintering(SLS),and Laser Metal Deposition(LMD).The selection criteria prioritized eco-friendly manufacturing considerations,including the quality and properties of the final product(e.g.,surface finish,high strength,and corrosion resistance),service and functional requirements,weight reduction for improved energy efficiency(lightweight structures),and environmental *** metrics,such as cost-effectiveness,material efficiency,waste minimization,and environmental impact,are central to the evaluation process.A computer-aided modeling approach was also used to simulate the performance of aluminum(AA7075 T6),steel(304),and titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V)for fuselage *** results demonstrate that MCD approaches such as FAHP can effectively guide the selection of AM technologies that meet functional and technical requirements while minimizing environmental degradation ***,the aluminumalloy outperformed the other materials investigated in the simulation with the lowest stress concentration and least *** study contributes to advancing cleaner production practices by providing a decision-making framework for sustainable and eco-friendly manufacturing,enabling manufacturers to adopt AM technologies that promote environmental responsibility and sustainable development,while maintaining product quality and performance.

关键词： Additive manufacturing(AM) cleaner production computer-aided modelling and simulation environmental responsibility MCD sustainability

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