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The effect of additives on particulate matter and gaseous emissions from combustion and oxy-fuel combustion of a biofuel blend composed of poultry manure and pine wood chips

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2025年第7期32卷 4090-4102页

作者： Kubay, Hasan Hüseyin Akyürek, Zuhal Department of Energy Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Burdur15030 Turkey

In this study, the effect of additives on particulate matter (PM) and flue gas emissions during the co-combustion of poultry waste and pine woodchips in air and oxy-fuel combustion conditions was examined. The appropriate additive for the fuel mixture to reduce PM emissions has been selected by a fast screening method based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in oxygen environment. Among the additives CaHPO4, MgCO3, MnCO3, MgPO4, kaolin, CaO, and Zn, the most suitable ones were determined as Zn and MgCO3. The thermal degradation performance of biofuels containing 2 wt% additives was examined by TGA method under pyrolysis, combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion conditions. Ashes obtained from the additivated biofuel mixture were examined by XRF, XRD, and SEM–EDS analyses, and the effect of additives on the ash structure was investigated. Flue gas emissions of co-firing biofuel were analyzed by TGA-FTIR. It has been observed that the highest emission is CO2, and the oxy-fuel combustion process and addivation have shown reducing effect on CO2 emissions. Under oxy-fuel combustion conditions, higher CO and lower NOx, SO2, and HCl emissions occurred at a lower rate compared to the air environment, and additives also showed a reducing effect. The composition and crystal structure of Zn-additivated biofuel ash support its reducing effect in PM emissions. It was concluded that Zn is a more suitable additive in terms of PM and flue gas emissions than MgCO3. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Flues

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The Optimization Design of the Nozzle Section for theWater Jet Propulsion System Applied in Jet Skis

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2277-2304页

作者： Cheng-Yeh Li Jui-Hsiang Kao Department of Systems Engineering and Naval Architecture Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelungTaiwanChina

The performance of a water jet propulsion system is related to the inlet duct,rotor,stator,and ***,the flow inlet design must fit the bottom line of the hull,and the design of the inlet duct is often limited by stern *** entire section,from the rotor to the nozzle through the stator,must be designed based on system integration in that the individual performance of these three components will influence each ***,the section from the rotor to the nozzle significantly impacts the performance of a water jet propulsion *** study focused on nozzle design and established referable analysis results to facilitate subsequent integrated studies on the design parameters regarding nozzle *** existing studies concentrate on discussions on rotor design and the tip leakage flow of rotors or have replaced the existing complex computational domain with a simple flow ***,research has yet to implement an integrated,optimal design of the section from the rotor to the *** the above,our program conducted preliminary research on this system integration design issue,discussed the optimal nozzle for this section in-depth,and proposed design suggestions based on the *** program used an existing model as the design *** study referred to the actual trial data as the design conditions for the proposed *** prior references’simple flow field form,this study added a jet ski geometry and free surface to the computational *** the linear hull shape was considered,the inflow in the inlet duct would be closer to the actual *** on the numerical calculation result,this study recommends that the optimal nozzle outlet area should be 37%of the inlet area and that the nozzle contour should be ***,for the pump head,static pressure had a more significant impact than dynamic pressure.

关键词： Water jet propulsion system rotor nozzle outlet area nozzle contour

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Structure-borne noise of steel and concrete box girders in an urban metro system: A hybrid evaluation and parametric study

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Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control 2023年第4期42卷 1560-1577页

作者： Hsu, W.L. Department of Systems Engineering and Naval Architecture National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan

Metro systems provide an efficient, convenient, and expeditious way to travel around crowded routes. Because these systems are established in cities, residential buildings close to metro viaducts are significantly affected by structure-borne noise (SBN). Although most previous studies developed SBN prediction with a focus on the accuracy and computational efficiency of a specific bridge type, only limited studies on parameters for the SBN on bridges were carried out. Thus, eliminating SBN is still a challenging task for both the design and operation phases of bridge design. Therefore, this study integrates simplified experiments with numerical analyses to evaluate the influential parameters on the structure-borne noise level (SBNL) for two types of bridge girders, that is, the double-box pre-stressed concrete girder and the double-box steel girder. The present study also proposes an optimization method for reducing the SBNL in the bridge design and operation phases and identifies the sources of SBN for these two types of bridges. In this paper, the solutions to mitigating SBN are first reviewed and briefly introduced. Theories associated with SBN are then derived and experimentally verified using a concrete or steel plate with a unit area. A hybrid evaluation method is developed to integrate transient finite-element simulation with experimental results, and the main sources (e.g., plate thickness, train speed, fastener stiffness, and track irregularity) that induce SBN are examined by this hybrid method. Consequently, the approach to resolving the SBN problem can be optimally determined. As demonstrated in the results from the hybrid evaluation method, the track condition dominates the SBNL for both types of bridges, and the relationship between train speed and plate eigenfrequency should be carefully investigated to avoid the effect of plate resonance. The pre-stressed concrete box girder is the recommended bridge type for use in urban areas from the viewpoint of m

关键词： Finite element method

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Simultaneous imposition of initial and boundary conditions via decoupled physics-informed neural networks for solving initialboundary value problems

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第4期46卷 763-780页

作者： K.A.LUONG M.A.WAHAB J.H.LEE Deep Learning Architecture Research Center Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Republic of Korea Soete Laboratory Department of Electrical EnergyMetalsMechanical Constructionsand SystemsFaculty of Engineering and ArchitectureGhent UniversityGent9000Belgium College of Engineering Yuan Ze UniversityTaoyuan32026TaiwanChina

Enforcing initial and boundary conditions(I/BCs)poses challenges in physics-informed neural networks(PINNs).Several PINN studies have gained significant achievements in developing techniques for imposing BCs in static problems;however,the simultaneous enforcement of I/BCs in dynamic problems remains *** overcome this limitation,a novel approach called decoupled physics-informed neural network(d PINN)is proposed in this *** d PINN operates based on the core idea of converting a partial differential equation(PDE)to a system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)via the space-time decoupled *** this end,the latent solution is expressed in the form of a linear combination of approximation functions and coefficients,where approximation functions are admissible and coefficients are unknowns of time that must be ***,the system of ODEs is obtained by implementing the weighted-residual form of the original PDE over the spatial domain.A multi-network structure is used to parameterize the set of coefficient functions,and the loss function of d PINN is established based on minimizing the residuals of the gained *** this scheme,the decoupled formulation leads to the independent handling of I/***,the BCs are automatically satisfied based on suitable selections of admissible ***,the original ICs are replaced by the Galerkin form of the ICs concerning unknown coefficients,and the neural network(NN)outputs are modified to satisfy the gained *** benchmark problems involving different types of PDEs and I/BCs are used to demonstrate the superior performance of d PINN compared with regular PINN in terms of solution accuracy and computational cost.

关键词： decoupled physics-informed neural network(dPINN) decoupled formulation Galerkin method initial-boundary value problem(IBVP) machine learning

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Impact Analysis of Microscopic Defect Types on the Macroscopic Crack Propagation in Sintered Silver Nanoparticles

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 441-458页

作者： Zhongqing Zhang Bo Wan Guicui Fu Yutai Su Zhaoxi Wu Xiangfen Wang Xu Long School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China School of Mechanics Civil Engineering and ArchitectureNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China China Aerospace Components Engineering Center Beijing100098China

Sintered silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)arewidely used in high-power electronics due to their exceptional ***,the material reliability is significantly affected by various microscopic *** this work,the three primary micro-defect types at potential stress concentrations in sintered AgNPs are identified,categorized,and *** dynamics(MD)simulations are employed to observe the failure evolution of different microscopic *** dominant mechanisms responsible for this evolution are dislocation nucleation and dislocation *** the same time,this paper clarifies the quantitative relationship between the tensile strain amount and the failure mechanism transitions of the three defect types by defining key strain *** impact of defect types on the failure process is also ***,traction-separation curves extracted from microscopic defect evolutions serve as a bridge to connect the macro-scale *** validity of the crack propagation model is confirmed through tensile ***,we thoroughly analyze how micro-defect types influence macro-crack propagation and attempt to find supporting evidence from the MD *** findings provide a multi-perspective reference for the reliability analysis of sintered AgNPs.

关键词： Sintered silver nanoparticles defect types microscopic defect evolution macroscopic crack propagation molecular dynamics simulation cohesive zone model

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Collision Avoidance Method for USVs Based on the Artificial Potential Field and Elliptical Ship Domain

Collision Avoidance Method for USVs Based on the Artificial ...

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2025 IEEE Underwater Technology, UT 2025

作者： Chen, Youquan Huang, Shen-Wei Weng, Wei-Chu National Taiwan Ocean University Department of Systems Engineering and Naval Architecture Keelung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534189

With the rapid development of unmanned vehicle technology, the shipping industry is facing increasingly severe navigation safety challenges. The significant increase in the number of ships at sea has made ports and waterways more congested. To address this, the International Maritime Organization has formulated the COLREGs to promote coordination and consensus in collision avoidance processes. However, approximately 80% of maritime accidents are caused by human error, highlighting the importance of developing unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). USVs can not only assist tugboats and pilots with boarding operations but also reduce the risk of human error. The APF method has been widely applied in collision avoidance technology for unmanned vehicles. APF technology transforms navigation into a potential field model, allowing ships to autonomously avoid obstacles. However, the traditional artificial potential field method often results in longer collision avoidance paths in dynamic environments or high-density navigation areas, thereby increasing risk. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an improved method based on the artificial potential field to guide ship collision avoidance. This method creates an elliptical field at the collision point of two ships. As the distance between the own ship and the collision point decreases, the semi-minor axis of the elliptical field lengthens. An attractive point is set at the edge of the semi-minor axis. The attractive force generated by this point and the repulsive force generated by the collision point overlap, forming a resultant force to guide the ship in collision avoidance. Compared to the traditional artificial potential field method without an attractive point, the improved method proposed in this work can reduce the collision avoidance path length by 12-24%. Most importantly, this method complies with COLREGs regulations, enabling quick alignment with existing ship collision avoidance rules and ensuring consistency. Th

关键词： Unmanned surface vehicles

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Discussion of the Fluid Acceleration Quality of a Ducted Propulsion System on the Propulsive Performance

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2022年第3期130卷 1325-1348页

作者： Jui-Hsiang Kao Yi-Fan Liao Department of Systems Engineering and Naval Architecture Taiwan Ocean UniversityKeelung202301Taiwan

This paper focuses on the ducted propulsion with the accelerating nozzle,and discusses the influence of its fluid acceleration quality on its propulsive performances,including the hull efficiency,the relative rotative efficiency,the effective wake,and the thrust deduction *** actual ducted propulsion system is used as an example for computational *** computational conditions are divided into four combinations,which are provided with different propeller pitches,cambers,and duct *** applied in this study is the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)technology,and the contents of the calculation include the hull’s viscous resistance,the wave-making resistance,the propeller performance curve,and the self-propulsion simulation in order to obtain the ship’s effective wake,thrust deduction factor,hull efficiency,and relative rotative *** performance curve of the propeller and resistance estimation results are compared with the experimental values for determining the correctness of the self-propulsion *** to the computational analysis,it is known that increasing the propeller pitch cannot effectively increase the hull *** duct acceleration quality can be reduced by shortening the duct length;hence,when the effective wake fraction and thrust deduction factor decrease,the hull efficiency is *** addition,the pressure inside the duct is relatively low if the acceleration quality of the duct is too high,which is unfavorable for controlling the propeller ***,if the hull bottom in front of the propeller is tapered up from the front to the back at an overly steep angle,the thrust deduction factor will be too large and lead to a relatively low hull efficiency.

关键词： Ducted propellers accelerating nozzle hull efficiency relative rotative efficiency effective wake thrust deduction factor

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Integer Linear Programming Based Design of Deadlock-Free Routing for Chiplet-Based systems 37

Integer Linear Programming Based Design of Deadlock-Free Rou...

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37th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference, SOCC 2024

作者： Liu, Shuang Radetzki, Martin University of Stuttgart Embedded Systems Institute of Computer Architecture and Computer Engineering Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377569

Chiplet-based systems have become prominent in large systems-on-Chips (SoCs) as a means to mitigate increasing design costs. However, the integration of multiple chiplets introduces new challenges in the interconnection network, potentially leading to deadlocks. In this paper, we propose an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) based design approach to address this issue. Our method considers various design factors for deadlock-free routing, such as topology, latency, load balancing, path diversity, and fault tolerance, applicable to both general-purpose chiplets and application-specific chiplets. It facilitates the determination of optimal turn restrictions for general-purpose chiplets or constructs optimal deadlock-free routing paths for application-specific chiplets if the communication patterns are known. The results demonstrate the capability of the method to find optimal solutions under various design considerations. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Integer linear programming

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Design of Shipboard Power System Grounding / Earthing

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2025年

作者： Norbert Doerry Mohammed M. Islam John Prousalidis

ISBN: (数字)9781119933106;9781119933090

ISBN: (纸本)9781119933083

This book delves into the diverse prerequisites for grounding and earthing in contemporary ship power systems, addressing the evolving landscape of ship design influenced by power electronics The introduction of transformative technologies such as variable frequency drives and electric propulsion systems has heightened the complexity of shipboard grounding systems. This complexity necessitates accommodation for robust electronic systems, extending the focus beyond traditional grounding aspects to include common mode grounding and its profound design implications. Engineers now require a comprehensive guide to navigate the intricacies of shipboard electric power systems. To meet this imperative, Design of Shipboard Power System Grounding/Earthing provides an in-depth exploration of the subject. It offers a step-by-step initiation into the grounding process, supported by numerous case studies for enhanced comprehension. Aligned with both US and international standards, this book serves as an essential resource for engineers engaged in the design and implementation of shipboard power systems. Key highlights for readers encompass meticulous comparisons between terrestrial power system grounding and shipboard power grounding, as well as comprehensive discussions on high resistance grounding, shipboard AC system grounding requirements, DC system grounding, and more, including common mode grounding and earthing. The inclusion of abundant engineering drawings supports significant case studies, enhancing the practical application of the material. Designed to cater to a broad audience, Design of Shipboard Power System Grounding/Earthing is invaluable for readers involved with shipboard electrical systems, including shipbuilders, ship designers, ship operators, and those in regulatory bodies such as the Navy, USCG, ABS, among others. This resource is also well-suited for academicians, particularly final-year undergraduate and graduate students in marine electrical engineering

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Detection of outliers with respect to a MUSIC geotechnical database

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Canadian Geotechnical Journal 2024年第7期61卷 1275-1293页

作者： Ching, Jianye Phoon, Kok-Kwang Huang, Pengsheng Department of Civil Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Information Systems Technology and Design/Architecture and Sustainable Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore

This study proposes a novel method that addresses a nontraditional class of outlier detection problems. The purpose of most outlier detection methods in the literature is to detect outliers within a dataset. A record can be considered an outlier if it is distinct from the regular records in the dataset. However, the purpose of the novel outlier detection method proposed in this study is to detect outlier data groups (a data group may denote a site or a project) with respect to a soil/rock property "MUSIC" database. A data group is an outlier group if its characteristics (mean, variance, correlation, or higher order dependency) are distinct from the regular data groups in the database. This study frames the outlier detection problem into a formal hypothesis testing problems with the null hypothesis that "the target data group is identically distributed as the regular groups in the database." With the hierarchical Bayesian model previously developed by the first two authors, the p-value for this hypothesis testing problem can be estimated rigorously. Numerical and real examples show that the p-value can effectively detect outlier data groups as well as outlier records with respect to a database. © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： Database systems

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