Every year, the production of rice straw and cow paunch content is abundant and 80 % of them has not been utilized. This study aimed to determine the potency of ensiling treatment on them in producing bioethanol. The ...
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Liquid crystals have proven to provide a versatile experimental and theoretical platform for studying topological objects such as vortices, skyrmions, and hopfions. In parallel, in hard condensed matter physics, the c...
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To address complex problems, scholars are increasingly faced with challenges of integrating diverse knowledge domains. We analyzed the evolution of this convergence paradigm in the broad ecosystem of brain science, wh...
We analyzed Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) from 21.6 million research articles indexed by PubMed to map this vast space of entities and their relations, providing insights into the origins and future of biomedical co...
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Quenching of oscillations, namely amplitude and oscillations death, is an emerging phenomenon exhibited by many real-world complexsystems. Here, we introduce a scheme that combines dissimilar couplings and repulsive ...
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engineering of the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of light due to interaction with photonic lattices reveals rich physics and motivates potential *** report the experimental creation of regularly distributed quantized v...
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engineering of the orbital angular momentum(OAM)of light due to interaction with photonic lattices reveals rich physics and motivates potential *** report the experimental creation of regularly distributed quantized vortex arrays in momentum space by probing the honeycomb and hexagonal photonic lattices with a single focused Gaussian *** the honeycomb lattice,the vortices are associated with Dirac ***,we show that the resulting spatial patterns of vortices are strongly defined by the symmetry of the wave packet evolving in the photonic lattices and not by their topological *** findings reveal the underlying physics by connecting the symmetry and OAM conversion and provide a simple and efficient method to create regularly distributed multiple vortices from unstructured light.
Recent investigations on electrokinetic (EK) flows have indicated turbulentlike flow can be realized by applying strong and high frequency ac electric field to flows with high-conductivity-gradient interface, even tho...
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Recent investigations on electrokinetic (EK) flows have indicated turbulentlike flow can be realized by applying strong and high frequency ac electric field to flows with high-conductivity-gradient interface, even though under low bulk flow Reynolds number. Relative to conventionally hydrodynamic turbulence in a high Reynolds number, the ac EK turbulent flow exhibits high randomness with stronger intermittency [Wang et al., Phys. Rev. E 93, 013106 (2016)]. The abnormally high intermittency could be attributed to the ascending probability density function of velocity gradients (dominated by small scale velocity structure function) far from the equilibrium state. By evaluating the intermittency of the ac EK turbulent flow with hierarchical structures, we astonishingly find the intermittency factor of hierarchical structures in SL94 law, i.e., β factor, which is commonly believed to be between 0 and 1, exhibits larger value than 1 in the ac EK turbulent flow. This result indicates the different hierarchical relations of flow structures in ac EK turbulence flow from that in the conventional hydrodynamic turbulence, as further illustrated by the probability density function of velocity structures among different spatial scales.
While various models and computational tools have been proposed for structure and property analysis of molecules, generating molecules that conform to all desired structures and properties remains a challenge. Here, w...
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We explore nonequilibrium quantum heat transport in nonlinear bosonic systems in the presence of a non-Kerr-type interaction governed by hyperparametric oscillation due to two-photon hopping between the two cavities. ...
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We explore nonequilibrium quantum heat transport in nonlinear bosonic systems in the presence of a non-Kerr-type interaction governed by hyperparametric oscillation due to two-photon hopping between the two cavities. We estimate the thermodynamic response analytically by constructing the su(2) algebra of the nonlinear Hamiltonian and predict that the system exhibits a negative excitation mode. Consequently, this specific form of interaction enables the cooling of the system by inducing a ground-state transition when the number of particles increases, even though the interaction strength is small. We demonstrate a transition of the heat current numerically in the presence of symmetric coupling between the system and the bath and show long relaxation times in the cooling phase. We compare with the Kerr-type Bose-Hubbard form of interaction induced via cross-phase modulation, which does not exhibit any such transition. We further compute the nonequilibrium heat current in the presence of two baths at different temperatures and observe that the cooling effect for the non-Kerr-type interaction persists. Our findings may help in the manipulation of quantum states using the system's interactions to induce cooling.
Exploring the mechanisms of maintaining microbial community structure is important to understand biofilm development or microbiota dysbiosis. In this paper, we propose a functional gene-based composition prediction(FC...
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Exploring the mechanisms of maintaining microbial community structure is important to understand biofilm development or microbiota dysbiosis. In this paper, we propose a functional gene-based composition prediction(FCP) model to predict the population structure composition within a microbial community. The model predicts the community composition well in both a low-complexity community as acid mine drainage(AMD) microbiota, and a complex community as human gut microbiota. Furthermore, we define community structure shaping(CSS) genes as functional genes crucial for shaping the microbial community. We have identified CSS genes in AMD and human gut microbiota samples with FCP model and find that CSS genes change with the conditions. Compared to essential genes for microbes, CSS genes are significantly enriched in the genes involved in mobile genetic elements, cell motility, and defense mechanisms, indicating that the functions of CSS genes are focused on communication and strategies in response to the environment factors. We further find that it is the minority, rather than the majority, which contributes to maintaining community structure. Compared to health control samples, we find that some functional genes associated with metabolism of amino acids, nucleotides, and lipopolysaccharide are more likely to be CSS genes in the disease group. CSS genes may help us to understand critical cellular processes and be useful in seeking addable gene circuitries to maintain artificial self-sustainable communities. Our study suggests that functional genes are important to the assembly of microbial communities.
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