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Workshop on Legal and Negotiation Support systems 2009, LDSS 2009 - In Conjunction with the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, ICAIL 2009

作者： Gray, Pamela N. X., Gray J., Zeleznikow Centre for Research in Complex Systems Charles Sturt University Bathurst NSW 2795 4278 Australia Grays Knowledge Engineering Sydney Australia School of Management and Information Systems Victoria University Melbourne VIC 8000 Australia

There have been many decision support systems that provide advice for resolving disputes. However, little effort has been devoted to dispute avoidance. Through the use of the intelligent eGanges shell, this work expands on interest-based negotiation support systems, to develop dispute avoidance ontologies and software for negotiation planning systems. It is suggested that intelligent negotiation technology may add to alternate dispute resolution techniques and further diminish litigation. An example eGanges application that blends minimax contractual transaction strategy and forward planning of a cohabitation agreement, is used to explain the potential of negotiation planning to avoid commercial and domestic conflict.

关键词： Expert systems

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Load Distribution Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings During Construction with Structural Characteristic Parameter Approach

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2009年第6期14卷 746-755页

作者：方东平席海峰王晓明张传敏赵挺生 School of Civil Engineering Tsinghua University Urban Systems Program CSIRO Sustainable EcosystemsCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) Henan Development and Reform Commission School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and Technology

High-rise reinforced concrete buildings are in great demand in developing countries with rapid urbanization. Construction engineers are facing more and more safety control challenges. One major issue is the understanding of the load distributions, especially the maximum slab load, of structures under construction, which is time dependent. Previous methods were mainly targeted to specific examples, providing specific solutions without addressing the fundamental issues of finding general solutions for load distributions in reinforced concrete buildings with different geometrical and material characteristics during construction. The concept of a structural characteristic parameter is used here to parametedze the main geometrical and material characteristics of concrete structures for generalized assessments of load distributions during construction. The maximum slab load for 20 different construction shoring/reshoring schemes is presented. The results indicate that the traditional simplified method may underestimate or overestimate the maximum slab load, depending mainly on the shoring/reshoring schemes. The structural characteristic parameter approach was specifically developed to assist construction engineers to estimate load distributions to assure safe construction procedures.

关键词： reinforced concrete buildings construction load re-distdbution structural characteristic parameter： slab-shore interaction

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The theoretical research of basic function method in incompressible viscous flow and its simulations in three-dimensional aneurysms

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第6期52卷 909-918页

作者： SHEN Fang1 & WU WangYi2 1 State Key Laboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and complex systems & Department of Mechanics and engineering Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 1. State Key Laboratory for Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Turbulence and Complex Systems & Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Basic function method is developed to treat the incompressible viscous flow. Artificial compressibility coefficient, the technique of flux splitting method and the combination of central and upwind schemes are applied to construct the basic function scheme of trigonometric function type for solving three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations numerically. To prove the method, flows in finite-length-pipe are calculated, the velocity and pressure distribution of which solved by our method quite coincide with the exact solutions of Poiseuille flow except in the areas of entrance and exit. After the method is proved elementary, the hemodynamics in two-and three-dimensional aneurysms is researched numerically by using the basic function method of trigonometric function type and unstructured grids generation technique. The distributions of velocity, pressure and shear force in steady flow of aneurysms are calculated, and the influence of the shape of the aneurysms on the hemodynamics is studied.

关键词： basic function unstructured grid aneurysm viscous incompressible flow artificial compressibility flux splitting

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Robustness of idle-throttle continuous descent approach trajectories against modified timing requirements

Robustness of idle-throttle continuous descent approach traj...

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作者： Lindsay, Peter A. Ramsay, Colin Vilaplanaz, Miguel Leonés, Javier López Casado, Enrique Parks, Paul C. ARC Centre for Complex Systems University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia Advanced Trajectory Technologies Boeing Research and Technology Europe Madrid Spain Planning and Decision Aids Networked Systems Technology Boeing Company Seattle WA United States Department of Systems Engineering School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479809

This paper reports on a study of the robustness of Continuous Descent Approach (CDA) trajectories in the face of late changes to the Required Time of Arrival (RTA). We demon- strate a method for determining limits on how much the RTA can be modified, as a function of notification lead-time, without significantly impacting on optimality of the CDA. Our focus is on the period between Top Of Descent (TOD) from cruise level and arrival at a metering fix. The aim is to help determine how exible airspace constraints would need to be in order to accommodate robust CDA. The Aircraft Intent Description Language (AIDL) is used as the modelling language. Copyright © 2009 by The Boeing Company (Boeing research and Technology Europe).

关键词： Modeling languages

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Partner selections in public goods games with constant group size

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Physical Review E 2009年第2期80卷 026121-026121页

作者： Te Wu Feng Fu Long Wang Center for Systems and Control State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Program for Evolutionary Dynamics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA

Most of previous studies concerning the public goods game assume either participation is unconditional or the number of actual participants in a competitive group changes over time. How the fixed group size, prescribed by social institutions, affects the evolution of cooperation is still unclear. We propose a model where individuals with heterogeneous social ties might well engage in differing numbers of public goods games, yet with each public goods game being constant size during the course of evolution. To do this, we assume that each focal individual unidirectionally selects a constant number of interaction partners from his immediate neighbors with probabilities proportional to the degrees or the reputations of these neighbors, corresponding to degree-based partner selection or reputation-based partner selection, respectively. Because of the stochasticity the group formation is dynamical. In both selection regimes, monotonical dependence of the stationary density of cooperators on the group size was found, the latter over the whole range but the former over a restricted range of the renormalized enhancement factor. Moreover, the reputation-based regime can substantially improve cooperation. To interpret these differences, the microscopic characteristics of individuals are probed. We later extend the degree-based partner selection to general cases where focal individuals have preferences toward their neighbors of varying social ties to form groups. As a comparison, we as well investigate the situation where individuals locating on the degree regular graphs choose their coplayers at random. Our results may give some insights into better understanding the widespread teamwork and cooperation in the real world.

关键词： Condensed matter physics

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Partner switching stabilizes cooperation in coevolutionary prisoner’s dilemma

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Physical Review E 2009年第3期79卷 036101-036101页

作者： Feng Fu Te Wu Long Wang Program for Evolutionary Dynamics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Center for Systems and Control State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Previous studies suggest that cooperation prevails when individuals can switch their interaction partners quickly. However, it is still unclear how quickly individuals should switch adverse partners to maximize cooperation. To address this issue, we propose a simple model of coevolutionary prisoner’s dilemma in which individuals are allowed to either adjust their strategies or switch their defective partners. Interestingly, we find that, depending on the game parameter, there is an optimal tendency of switching adverse partnerships that maximizes the fraction of cooperators in the population. We confirm that the stabilization of cooperation by partner switching remains effective under some situations, where either normalized or accumulated payoff is used in strategy updating, and where either only cooperators or all individuals are privileged to sever disadvantageous partners. We also provide an extended pair approximation to study the coevolutionary dynamics. Our results may be helpful in understanding the role of partner switching in the stabilization of cooperation in the real world.

关键词： Stabilization

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Emergence of social cooperation in threshold public goods games with collective risk

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Physical Review E 2009年第1期80卷 016101-016101页

作者： Jing Wang Feng Fu Te Wu Long Wang Center for Systems and Control State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Program for Evolutionary Dynamics Harvard University One Brattle Square Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA

In real situations, people are often faced with the option of voluntary contribution to achieve a collective goal, for example, building a dam or a fence, in order to avoid an unfavorable loss. Those who do not donate, however, can free ride on others’ sacrifices. As a result, cooperation is difficult to maintain, leading to an enduring collective-risk social dilemma. To address this issue, here we propose a simple yet effective theoretical model of threshold public goods game with collective risk and focus on the effect of risk on the emergence of social cooperation. To do this, we consider the population dynamics represented by replicator equation for two simplifying scenarios, respectively: one with fair sharers, who contribute the minimum average amount versus defectors and the other with altruists contributing more than average versus defectors. For both cases, we find that the dilemma is relieved in high-risk situations where cooperation is likely to persist and dominate defection in the population. Large initial endowment to individuals also encourages the risk-averse action, which means that, as compared to poor players (with small initial endowment), wealthy individuals (with large initial endowment) are more likely to cooperate in order to protect their private accounts. In addition, we show that small donation amount and small threshold (collective target) can encourage and sustain cooperation. Furthermore, for other parameters fixed, the impacts of group size act differently on the two scenarios because of distinct mechanisms: in the former case where the cost of cooperation depends on the group size, large size of group readily results in defection, while easily maintains cooperation in the latter case where the cost of cooperation is fixed irrespective of the group size. Our theoretical results of the replicator dynamics are in excellent agreement with the individual based simulation results.

关键词： cooperation mechanisms simulation results Dilemma Simulation results Endowments Group Size zero fare public goods Threshold Replication Origin Emergence group cooperation

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Detection of slow malicious worms using multi-sensor data fusion

Detection of slow malicious worms using multi-sensor data fu...

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IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Security and Defense Applications, CISDA

作者： Frank Akujobi Ioannis Lambadaris Evangelos Kranakis Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa ONT Canada Natural Science and Engineering Research Council NSERC Mathematics of Information Technology and Complex Systems MITACS Canada

Detection of slow worms is particularly challenging due to the stealthy nature of their propagation techniques and their ability to blend with normal traffic patterns. In this paper, we propose a distributed detection approach based on the generalized evidence processing (GEP) theory, a sensor integration and data fusion technique. With GEP theory, evidence collected by distributed detectors determine the probability associated with a detection decision under a hypothesis. The collected evidence is combined to arrive at an optimal fused detection decision by minimizing a cumulative decision risk function. Typically, malicious traffic flows of varying scanning rates can occur in the wild, and the difficulty in detecting slow scanning worms in particular can be exacerbated by interference from other traffic flows scanning at faster rates. Our proposed detection technique uses a window-based self adapting profiler to filter detected malicious traffic profiles with scanning rates greater than the low scanning rates we are interested in. Experiments on a live test-bed are used to demonstrate behavior of the technique.

关键词： Intrusion detection Computer worms Telecommunication traffic Detectors Bayesian methods Acquired immune deficiency syndrome Computational intelligence Data security Sensor fusion Interference

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Architectural design patterns for logic control of manufacturing systems: The generalized device

Architectural design patterns for logic control of manufactu...

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XXII International Symposium on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies, ICAT

作者： Eugenio Faldella Andrea Paoli Andrea Tilli Matteo Sartini Daniele Guidi DEIS-Department of Electronics Computer Engineering and Systems University of Bologna Bologna Italy CASY-Center for Research on Complex Automated Systems University of Bologna Bologna Italy

In all automated manufacturing systems the design of the control system plays a key role for the achievement of the targeted performance. A valuable support is provided by industrial technologies vendors in terms of computational platforms, smart I/O devices, networking infrastructures, integrated development and run-time environments. What is still lacking is a reference framework comprising a comprehensive set of highly reusable logic control components that, focusing on cross-cutting functionalities characterizing the automation domain, may help the designers in the process of modeling and structuring their applications according to the specific needs. As a first step in this direction, the paper introduces a set of new components that abstractly model the behavior of manifold field devices commonly used within automated manufacturing systems, regardless their nature, intrinsic features and specific functional purposes. These components, called generalized devices, are basic logic controllers/diagnosers, which play, in our architectural multilayer organization of the overall control logic, the fundamental role of keeping cleanly distinct higher-level control policies from low-level mechanisms dealing with actuators and sensors.

关键词： Logic devices Logic design Control systems Manufacturing systems Automatic control Computer industry Electrical equipment industry Manufacturing industries Computer networks Runtime

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Identification of torsional vibration features in electrical powered rotating equipment

Identification of torsional vibration features in electrical...

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27th Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2009, IMAC XXVII

作者： Trethewey, Martin W. Lebold, Mitchell S. Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Penn State University University Park PA 16802 United States Complex Systems Monitoring and Automation Department Applied Research Laboratory Penn State University University Park PA 16802 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605609614

A common torsional vibration sensing method in rotating equipment is the Time Interval Measurement System (TIMS). The method utilizes the time passage of discrete intervals on a rotating element from an incremental geometric encoder (i.e., gear, optical encoder). Ideal measurement conditions consist of a constant shaft running speed, an encoder with identical segments and no transverse motion between the sensor and shaft. In practice, these ideal conditions are rarely achieved resulting in measurement errors. Torsional vibration sensing in internal combustion engines benefits the large inherent responses which produces a high signal to noise ratio and tends to minimize the effects of some measurement issues. In electrical motor applications the torsional responses tend to be smaller and the measurement issues may become more pronounced. For health monitoring applications (i.e., shaft crack growth diagnostics) it is imperative to accurately identify and track the fault sensitive torsional features. Tracking torsional mechanical shaft line dynamics can become challenging because of the lower signal to noise ratio, high harmonic content induced from the motor speed controller and processing artifacts from the Time Interval Measurement System. This work will discuss a number of potential measurement and data processing issues in the application of TIMS for health monitoring applications. The work will focus on separating the desired shaft line health features from all apparent in the torsional response. Of particular interest will be practical items related to installation and analysis on large electrical driven equipment. Examples from laboratory and field tests will be used to describe the identification and compensatory methods that have been successfully used. © 2009 Society for Experimental Mechanics Inc.

关键词： Internal combustion engines

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