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Lower limit on the achievable temperature in resonator-based sideband cooling

Physical Review B 2008年第3期78卷 035406-035406页

作者： M. Grajcar S. Ashhab J. R. Johansson Franco Nori Advanced Science Institute The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi 351-0198 Japan Department of Experimental Physics Comenius University SK-84248 Bratislava Slovakia Center for Theoretical Physics Physics Department Applied Physics Program Center for the Study of Complex Systems The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan

A resonator with eigenfrequency ωr can be effectively used as a cooler for another linear oscillator with a much smaller frequency ωm⪡ωr. A huge cooling effect, which could be used to cool a mechanical oscillator below the energy of quantum fluctuations, has been predicted by several authors. However, here we show that there is a lower limit T∗ on the achievable temperature, given by T∗=Tmωm/ωr, that was not considered in previous work and can be higher than the quantum limit in realistic experimental realizations. We also point out that the decay rate of the resonator, which previous studies stress should be small, must be larger than the decay rate of the cooled oscillator for effective cooling.

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Packet-loss dependent controller design for networked control systems via switched system approach

Packet-loss dependent controller design for networked contro...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Junyan Yu Long Wang Mei Yu Yingmin Jia Jie Chen Intelligent Control Laboratory Center for Systems and Control College of Engineering Peking University Beijing China Department of Automation North China Electric Power University Zhuxinzhuang Beijing China The Seventh Research Division Beihang University Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Complex System Intelligent Control and Decision Ministry of Education Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424431236

The stabilization problem of networked control systems with bounded packet loss is addressed. We model such networked control systems as a class of switched systems, and present sufficient conditions for the stabilization by using a packet-loss dependent Lyapunov function. Moreover, different from existing results, we propose the design for packet-loss dependent stabilizing controllers for two types of packet-loss processes: one is a arbitrary packet-loss process, and the other is a Markovian packet-loss process. Several numerical examples and simulations are worked out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design technique.

关键词： Control systems Networked control systems Switched systems Sufficient conditions Optimal control Delay effects Communication system control Communication system traffic control Feedback control Electrical equipment industry

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Introduction of electric vehicles in an island as a driver to increase renewable energy penetration

Introduction of electric vehicles in an island as a driver t...

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IEEE International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies, ICSET

作者： Andre Pina Christos S. Ioakimidis Paulo Ferrao Sustainable Energy Systems MIT Portugal Program and the Centre for Innovation Technical University of Lisbon Portugal Department of Mechanical Engineering Instituto Superior Técnico Techincal University of Lisbon and the Centre for Innovation Technology and Policy Research Lisboa Portugal Centre for Innovation Technology and Policy Research Department of Mechanical Engeneering Instituto Superior Técnico Technical University of Lisbon Portugal

The energy problem in autonomous systems, such as islands, promotes the use of renewable forms of energy. The transportation sector, which is a significant part of the energy equation, could allow major breakthroughs by using electric vehicles that can be used for energy storage and sustainable mobility. Current technologies can already be used in smaller islands, such as Flores, where mobility needs are small and a large penetration of renewable energy exists. This work analyzes electric vehicles as alternatives to regular vehicles, but also as a way of building base load demand that can support the increase of renewable energy penetration.

关键词： Electric vehicles Renewable energy resources Production Technological innovation Transportation Energy storage Wind energy Energy consumption Petroleum Analytical models

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Enhancing the conductance of a two-electron nanomechanical oscillator

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Physical Review B 2008年第3期77卷 035428-035428页

作者： J. R. Johansson L. G. Mourokh A. Yu. Smirnov Franco Nori Frontier Research System The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Department of Physics Queens College The City University of New York Flushing New York 11367 USA Department of Engineering Science and Physics College of Staten Island The City University of New York Staten Island New York 10314 USA CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan Center for Theoretical Physics Applied Physics Program Center for the Study of Complex Systems Physics Department The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA

We consider electron transport through a mobile island (i.e., a nanomechanical oscillator) which can accommodate one or two excess electrons and show that, in contrast to immobile islands, the Coulomb blockade peaks, associated with the first and second electrons entering the island, have different functional dependences on the nano-oscillator parameters when the island coupling to its leads is asymmetric. In particular, the conductance for the second electron (i.e., when the island is already charged) is greatly enhanced in comparison to the conductance of the first electron in the presence of an external electric field. We also analyze the temperature dependence of the two conduction peaks and show that these exhibit different functional behaviors.

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Proceedings of the 2008 MidSouth Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Society (MCBIOS) Conference

Proceedings of the 2008 MidSouth Computational Biology and B...

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作者： Wren, Jonathan D. Wilkins, Dawn Fuscoe, James C. Bridges, Susan Winters-Hilt, Stephen Gusev, Yuriy Arthritis and Immunology Research Program Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation 825 N.E. 13th Street Oklahoma City OK 73104-5005 United States Computer and Information Science Department The University of Mississippi University MS 38677 United States Center for Functional Genomics Division of Systems Toxicology National Center for Toxicological Research Jefferson AR 72079 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mississippi State University Box 9637 Mississippi State MS 39762 United States Department of Computer Science University of New Orleans The Research Institute for Children 200 Henry Clay Ave. New Orleans LA 70118 United States Department of Surgery Health Sciences Center The University of Oklahoma Oklahoma City OK 73104 United States

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Quantum electrodynamics and photon-assisted tunneling in long Josephson junctions

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Physical Review B 2008年第13期78卷 134518-134518页

作者： A. O. Sboychakov Sergey Savel’ev Franco Nori Advanced Science Institute The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics Russian Academy of Sciences 125412 Moscow Russia Department of Physics Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU United Kingdom Department of Physics Center for Theoretical Physics Applied Physics Program Center for the Study of Complex Systems The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA

We describe the interaction between an electromagnetic field and a long Josephson junction driven by a dc current. We calculate the amplitudes of emission and absorption of light via the creation and annihilation of quantized Josephson plasma waves (JPWs). Both the energies of JPW quanta and the amplitudes of light absorption and emission strongly depend on the junction’s length and can be tuned by an applied dc current. Moreover, photon-assisted macroscopic quantum tunneling in long Josephson junctions shows resonances when the frequency of the outside radiation coincides with the current-driven eigenfrequencies of the quantized JPWs.

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ISPSD `07 Best Paper Award;Record-Low On-Resistance for 0.35 μm based Integrated XTREMOSTM Transistors

ISPSD `07 Best Paper Award;Record-Low On-Resistance for 0.35...

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International Symposium on Power Semiconductor Devices and Ics (ISPSD)

作者： Peter Moens Filip Bauwens Bart Desoete Joris Baele Konstantin Vershinin Hocine Ziad E.M. Sankara Narayanan Marnix Tack Member of the technical program committee of ISPSD IRW ESREF ESD/EOS Symposium chair of the HV reliability subcommittee of IRPS technical program chair of ISPSD2009. Device Development Team. AMIS Belgium ON semiconductor process modules and integration group Senior Research Fellow Emerging Technologies Research Centre De Montfort University. Professor Royal Academy of Engineering/Rolls Royce Professorship in Power Electronics Systems at Sheffield University Fellow of IET and IoP member of the IEEE Ad Com committee

Experimental data are shown for integrated smart power transistors breaking the silicon limit at 100V. The performance is close to the much lower super-junction limit for the given device pitch. The device uses standard trench technology and is implemented in a 0.35 μm smart power process. Key steps to improve device performance yielding a record performance of 30 mOhm*mm 2 for a V bd of 94V are highlighted in the paper.

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Automated evaluation of HER-2/neu immunohistochemical expression in breast cancer using digital microscopy

Automated evaluation of HER-2/neu immunohistochemical expres...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Marios A. Gavrielides Hela Masmoudi Nicholas Petrick Kyle J. Myers Stephen M. Hewitt Center for Devices and Radiological Health CDRH Laboratory for the Assessment of Medical Imaging Systems U.S Food and Drug Administration National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioEngineering Silver Spring MD USA U.S Food and Drug Administration Laboratory for the Assessment of Medical Imaging Systems Silver Spring MD U.S.A Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The George Washington University Washington DC U.S.A Tissue Array Research Program National Institutes of Health MD U.S.A

HER-2/neu (HER2) has been shown to be a valuable biomarker for breast cancer. However, inter-observer variability has been reported in the evaluation of HER2 with immunohistochemistry. It has been suggested that automated computer-based evaluation can provide a consistent and objective measure of HER2 expression. In this manuscript, we present an automated method for the quantitative assessment of HER2 using digital microscopy. The method employs imaging algorithms on whole slide images of tissue specimens for the extraction of two features describing HER2 membrane staining, namely membrane staining completeness and membrane staining intensity. A classifier was trained to merge the extracted features into an overall slide assessment score. Preliminary results showed good agreement with the provided truth. The developed automated method has the potential to be used as a computer aid for the immunohistochemical evaluation of HER2 expression with the objective of increasing observer reproducibility.

关键词： Breast cancer Microscopy Biomembranes Immune system Biomarkers Medical treatment Biomedical imaging Clustering algorithms Cells (biology) Feature extraction

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Quantum metamaterials: Electromagnetic waves in a Josephson qubit line

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Physical Review B 2008年第14期77卷 144507-144507页

作者： A. L. Rakhmanov A. M. Zagoskin Sergey Savel’ev Franco Nori Frontier Research System The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics Russian Academy of Sciences 125412 Moscow Russia Department of Physics Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1 Department of Physics Center for Theoretical Physics Applied Physics Program Center for the Study of Complex Systems The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA

We consider the propagation of a classical electromagnetic wave through a transmission line, formed by identical superconducting charge qubits inside a superconducting resonator. Since the qubits can be in a coherent superposition of quantum states, we show that such a system demonstrates interesting effects, such as a “breathing” photonic crystal with an oscillating band gap and a “quantum Archimedean screw” that transports, at an arbitrary controlled velocity, Josephson plasma waves through a transmission line. The key ingredient of these effects is that the optical properties of the Josephson transmission line are controlled by the quantum coherent state of the qubits.

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Nonlinear electrodynamics in layered superconductors

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Physical Review B 2008年第2期78卷 024511-024511页

作者： V. A. Yampol’skii Sergey Savel’ev A. L. Rakhmanov Franco Nori Advanced Science Institute The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan A. Ya. Usikov Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics Ukrainian Academy of Sciences 61085 Kharkov Ukraine Department of Physics Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU United Kingdom Institute for Theoretical and Applied Electrodynamics Russian Academy of Sciences 125412 Moscow Russia Department of Physics Center for Theoretical Physics Applied Physics Program Center for the Study of Complex Systems The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA

We analyze theoretically the effect of a weak nonlinearity on the propagation of Josephson plasma waves in layered superconductors. The nonlinearity originates from the Josephson relation between the current density across superconducting layers and gauge-invariant phase difference of the order parameter. We show that strong nonlinear effects can be observed for electromagnetic waves with frequency slightly above or slightly below the plasma frequency. We study the nonlinear plasma resonance accompanied by the hysteretic dependence of the wave amplitude on the frequency. This hysteresis transforms the continuous terahertz radiation into a series of short electromagnetic high-amplitude pulses. We also consider the propagation of a nonlinear terahertz beam localized in the direction across the superconducting layers. This phenomenon is an analog of the self-focusing effect in nonlinear optics. The nonlinear phenomena in layered superconductors considered here can be potentially useful for the design of a new generation of terahertz devices.

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