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Architecting a missile system for navy theater ballistic missile defense

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 373-380页

作者： Patel, A Kjos, K Sasso, F Robinson, S Anant Patel:is senior project engineer for the Standard Missile LEAP Progrma (desgnated SM-X) in the Standard Missile/Vertical Launch System Program Office (PMS 422) of the Navy's Program Executive office for Theater Air Defense (PEO TAD). He is responsbile for the integration and test of the SM-X missile including the third stage rocket motor (TSRM) and the kinetic warhead (KW) assemblies. He received his bachelor of science in electrical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1985 Prior to joining PMS 422 he was the project engineer for the shipboard targeting system used during the Terrier LEAP technology demonstration program. he was also tht project manager for the installation and integration of the new threat upgrade (NTU) and cooperative engagement capabilities (CEC) aboard USS Kidd (DDG 993) the first ship to receive CEC during its development test phase. Mr. Patel's other assignments as NTU development lead engineer uncluded providing development and technical direction for modifications to the NTU engagement system for Standard Missile II and III/IIIA compability. kathrin Kjos:is the program development team leader for Hughes Missile Systems Company. She worked on the initial flight demonstraction phase of the program integrating the kill vehicle and advanced solid axial stage into the SM2 Block III ER missile and served as co-chair of the System Safety Working Group. She has thirteen years of experience in system engineering. Previous experience includes missile systems engineering for the Advanced Air-to-Air Missile (AAAM) as well as for laser and radar surveillance systems. She has a bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology a master of science degree in system engineering from the University of Southern California and is currently a doctoral candidate in systems architecting at the University of Southern California. Felix Sasso is a member of technical staff 11 at Hughes Missile System Company. He has three years of experience in op

While most of the theater ballistic missiles (TBM) in threat countries' inventories are of the shorter range SCUD varieties, mid- to long-range versions are currently in development in a number of third world countries. Threat potential exists in the following three battle spaces: endo-atmosphere (0-30 km), high endo-atmosphere (30-70 km) and exo-atmosphere (greater than 70 km). The inherent short range and low speed of endo-atmospheric threats match well with capabilities of SM-2 Block IVA, which equips the Navy with an area defense capability The exo-atmospheric TBMs are longer range and can threaten more targets which may be widely dispersed. Their higher velocities reduce response times dramatically Therefore, exo-atmospheric TBMs create the need for Standard Missile-3 (SM-3), which provides the Navy with theater wide defense capability. Defining its area and theater wide systems as clearly endo-atmospheric and exo-atmospheric systems allows the Navy to use derivatives of the Standard Missile Block IV to take full advantage of the conditions associated with each of these operating zones. Use of an existing missile and ship system baseline also allows use of the existing interface structure to minimize cost. To counter the endo-atmospheric TBMs, the SM-2 BLK TVA upgrades include an advanced imaging infrared (IIR) seeker, an improved fast-reaction auto pilot and a forward looking RE all in the same volume as the existing missile. The highly responsive SM-2 Block IVA missile, complemented with Aegis weapons systems modifications, provides capability against enemy aircraft and cruise missiles, as well as TBMs. Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) replaces the SM-2 Block TV warhead, radar and guidance section with a boosted third stage and an advanced kinetic warhead (KW). Operation in the exo-atmospheric region permits a KW design with autonomous guidance control and divert thrusters for high maneuverability and has the capability of achieving very high interceptor velocities.

关键词： Missiles

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Shipboard controls of the future

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Naval Engineers Journal 1997年第3期109卷 143-153页

作者： Amy Jr., J.V. Doerry, N.H. McCoy, T.J. Zivi, E.L. Udr. John V. Amy Jr.:USN graduated from the United States Naval Academy with a B.S.E.E. degree in 1983 and then served as antisubmarine warfare officer on USS Boone (FFG 28). He then reported to M.I.T where he earned an S. M. E. E. C.S. degree Naval Engineer degree and a Ph.D. in naval electric power systems. An engineering duty oficez he was assistant project officer for aircraft carrier overhaul at Supervisw of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repail: USN Newport Nms Virginia assigned to the refueling complex overhaul of USS Enterprise (CVN 65) and her subsequent post-shakedown avail-ability. Presently he is the deputy program manager for the Integrated Power System (IPS) Program at the Naval Sea systems command. Udr. Norbert H. Doerry USN:graduated from the United States Naval Academy with a B.S.E.E. degree in 1983 and then served as gunnery and fire control officer on USS Deyo (DD 989). He then reported to M.I.T where he earned a S.M.E.E.C.S. degree Naval Engineer degree and a Ph.D. in naval electrical power systems. An engineering duty officer he was assigned to the Advanced Surfme Machinery Programs for the development athe Integrated Power System from 1992 to 1995. Presently he is assistant project officer for aircrafi carrier construction at Supervisor of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repair: USN Newport News Virginia. LCdr. Timothy J. McCoy USN:graduated from the Univer-sity of Illinois with a B.S. degree in marine engineering in 1982. He was cmnmissirmed in 1985 and served as jrst lieuten-ant and communications officer on USS John Young (DD 973). He then was assigned to Supervisor of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repair USN San Diego California as repair ship superin-tendent repair project manager and new construction ship superintendent. Subsequently he attended M.I.T earning a S.M.E.E.C.S. degree Naval Engineer degree and a Ph.D. in naval engineering. Presently he is assigned to Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis Detachment where he works as the technical manager f

Recent advances in computer networking and control system technologies present an opportunity to improve the capability of naval shipboard control systems. Most existing digital machinery control systems merely replace one-for-one their analog predecessors. These recent advances motivate rethinking the basic role and architecture of shipboard controls. Traditional machinery system control has remained largely separate from combat systems and other ship information systems. Existing machinery control systems have concentrated on four functions: machinery status, control, system stability, and fault response. To implement these functions, custom systems have been designed, built and debugged for each class of ship. This lack of commonality has been expensive in terms of development costs, maintenance costs over the lifetime of the ship, and also the unrealized benefits stemming from prohibitive costs of adapting machinery controls to take advantage of emerging technologies. This paper proposes a new paradigm for developing a shipboard control system based upon a functional decomposition of ships' missions that leads to defining technology independent interface standards. Multiple vendors may be able to independently develop control system hardware and software elements adhering to such interface standards without a priori knowledge of a particular ship application, leading to the ability to develop a total ship control system with low risk by integrating proven hardware and software elements to meet specific ship design requirements. With this new concept, other functions not normally associated with machinery controls are feasible: spontaneous reconfiguration after a damage event, integrated training, condition based maintenance planning, data archiving, operator assistance, and configuration management. This new approach may also allow for the integration of machinery controls into a total ship control system with seamless support for combat systems. This new shipbo

关键词： Naval vessels

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Application of high temperature superconducting wire to magnetostrictive transducers for underwater sonar

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第1期109卷 31-39页

作者： Joshi, CH Lindberg, JF Clark, AE Dr. Chad H. Joshi:is president of Energen Incorporated an engineering and development firm specializing in cryogenic and electromechanical systems. The research presented here was conducted while he was employed at American Superconductor Coporation where he held both technical and program management positions. While there Dr. Joshi managed the development of several demonstration products including the sonar transducer presented here. He holds M.S. and Sc.D. degreesfrom the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a B.S. degree from the Worcester Polytechnic Institute. He has worked in several diverse fields including solar energy fluidized bed technology and superconductivity. His work on stochastic analysis of solar insolation was recognized by the ASME and his doctoral research was accorded international recognition for its unique contribution to understanding quenching in superconducting magnets. Dr. Joshi has numerous patents and more than thirty-five technical publications to his credit. He is a registered Professional Engineer in Massachusetts and an active member of ASME and IEEE. He is a co-founder and treasurer of the New England Chapter of the Cryogenics Society of America. He will be listed in Whos Who in the East in 1997. Jan Lindberg:is a physicist in the Transducers and Arrays Division of the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in New London Connecticut. He leads NUWC'S exploratory development efforts for transduction science and currently is spearheading an effort to introduce high-energy density active materials into tactical sonar systems. With the discovery of high temperature superconductivity he saw the potential benefit of integrating several emerging technologies and enticed American Superconductor Corp. to develop a high temperature superconducting transducer which resulted in the March 1993 demonstration of the world's first integrated high temperature superconducting device. Mr. Lindberg's current interests involve design of high power ultrasonic copolymer arrays characterization of

A low-frequency underwater acoustic transducer integrating high-temperature superconducting (HTS) coils and terbium-dysprosium (TbDy) magnetostrictive material was designed, fabricated and tested. This represents a novel application for high-temperature superconductivity and is a first example of an integrated system involving HTS coils cooled by a mechanical cryocooler. It also brings HTS technology together with a novel magnetic materials technology. The I-ITS coils were fabricated using react-and-wind BiSrCaCuO-2223 HTS wires. They produce a peak field of 0.1 Tesla at 50 K. A single-stage, Stirling-cycle cryocooler was used to cool the coils and the TbDy driver to cryogenic temperatures (50-65K). The coils provide an AC magnetic field superimposed on a DC bias field, which produces oscillatory strain within the magnetostrictive rod;this motion is transmitted through a cryostat to two head masses which project sound into the surrounding environment. High power acoustic output can be obtained by operating the transducer at its resonance frequencies of 520 Hz in air and 430 Hz underwater. This development demonstrates that, unlike low temperature superconductors, HTS wires can be considered for AC applications due to the low losses in these superconductors and the higher heat capacities of materials at temperatures above liquid helium.

关键词： Underwater equipment

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Extension of hierarchically classifier system using self GA invocation

Extension of hierarchically classifier system using self GA ...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： S. Endoh H. Kawakami A. Ohuchi Department of Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Ryukyus Japan Laboratory of Harmonious Systems Engineering Research Group of Complex Systems Engineering Division of Systems and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Japan

In classifier system techniques, an effective mechanism for forming and maintaining rule-set association is proposed. The improvement of efficiency is discussed. The experiments showed the effectiveness of the multipl... 详细信息

关键词： Power engineering and energy Learning systems Timing Laboratories Genetic mutations Control systems Monitoring Message systems Genetic algorithms

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An Approximately Second-Order Algorithm for Solving General Optimal Control Problems 1

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1996年第1期29卷 1860-1865页

作者： Baoming Ma William S. Levine Control Systems Program GE Corporate Research and Development Schenectady NY 12301 Department of Electrical Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742.

A general optimal control algorithm, which is approximately second-order, is presented. It is essentially an infinite-dimensional version of the Han-Powell algorithm. It is shown that this algorithm generates a descent direction of an exact penalty function. Finally, it is shown that the algorithm is globally convergent in the sense that every accumulation point of the sequence generated by the algorithm,satisfies a "weak version" of Pontryagin's Minimum Principle. A numerical example is given.

关键词： Algorithms Optimal Control Optimization Constraints Convergence

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Maintenance in a dual-lifecycle software engineering process

Maintenance in a dual-lifecycle software engineering process

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International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM)

作者： Weisskopf Irving McKay Atkinson Eichmann Repository Based Software Engineering Program Research Institute for Computing and Information Systems University of Houston Clear Lake USA

Dual-lifecycle software processes have the potential to significantly improve the way in which suites of software applications are generated and sustained. However, several outstanding issues need to be more adequately addressed before the full potential of this philosophy can be realized. Detailed strategies for maintaining domain architectures in parallel with suites of fielded applications are at present particularly conspicuous by their absence. In this paper, we present a dual-lifecycle maintenance process that was developed for the ROSE (Reusable Object Software engineering) project, a major reengineering and repository-building effort in the domain of flight design and dynamics. We present the major features of the process, the rationale behind these features, and changes which we feel would be beneficial based on lessons learned from the application of the process. The process is presented using a variant of the Fusion object-oriented design method known as Profusion.

关键词： Software maintenance

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Development and application of an object-oriented graphical environment for the simulation of space-based sensing systems

Development and application of an object-oriented graphical ...

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IEEE Conference on Aerospace Applications

作者： B. Barnhart S. Rucker D. Bearden M. Barrera Nichols Research Corporation Colorado Springs CO USA USAF Space and Missile Systems Center Space Based Infrared Systems Program Office Los Angeles CA USA Systems Engineering Division Aerospace Corporation El Segundo CA USA

The simulation of developing complex systems requires flexibility to allow for changing system requirements and constraints. The object-oriented paradigm provides an environment suitable for establishing flexibility, rapid reconfiguration of new architectures, and integration of new models. This paper outlines the development and application of the Brilliant Eyes Simulator (BESim), sponsored by the United States Air Force Space and Missile systems Center (SMC). BESim simulates the Space and Missile Tracking System (SMTS), formerly known as Brilliant Eyes, which represents the Low Earth Orbiting component of the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS-LEO). BESim has powerful pre- and post-processing tools for simulation setup and analysis of results. The pre-processor enables the user to specify system characteristics, output data collection, external data interfaces, and modeling fidelity. The post-processor consists of a graphical user interface which allows easy access to all simulation output in graphical or tabular form. This includes two and three-dimensional graphical playback of high level performance results.

关键词： Object oriented modeling Missiles Eyes Low earth orbit satellites Surveillance Infrared sensors Infrared detectors Aerospace simulation System performance Libraries

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Measuring productivity of software projects: A data envelopment analysis approach

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DECISION SCIENCES 1996年第1期27卷 57-80页

作者： Mahmood, MA Pettingell, KJ Shaskevich, AI Information and Decision Sciences University of Texas–El Paso El Paso TX 79968 E-mail: mmahmood@mail.utep.edu Information and Decision Sciences University of Texas–El Paso El Paso TX 79968 950 Camino Del Rex Las Cruces NM 88001 [?]1Mo Adam Mahmood is a professor of information systems and Ellis and Susan Mayfield Endowed Professor in Business Administration at the University of Texas at El Paso. He received his Ph.D. in management information system from Texas Tech University. His research interests include software engineering information technology in support of superior organizational shategic and ecxlIKlmic perfonnamethe strategic manager's perspectives on information technology and infamation technology for national and inkmatid competitiveness. Dr. Mahtnd has published in Decision SciencesMIS Quarterly Joumal of Management Information SystemsEuropean Joud of Information Systems INFOR-Canadian' Journal of Operation Research and Information Processing and Information and Management among others. He has also edited and published a book in the information technology investment and performance area. He is cmntly serving as editor of the Journal of End-User Computing. He is also serving as guest editor associate editor member of the editorial review board or referee for a number of information systems journals. In addition he has presented research papers served as both a reviewer and discussant chaired sessions and tracks and participated in program committees of several regional national and international conferences.

Current economic conditions are forcing information system departments to focus simultaneously on decreasing costs while increasing software productivity. Improving software productivity is becoming critical because software costs of large in-house software companies have been increasing rapidly. For many organizations, however, measuring software productivity has been a difficult task. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), this research study investigates the productivity of 78 commercial system projects. The results of this study have practical implications for software project managers undertaking software development. The results showed that the DEA technology can be successfully used to identify efficient and inefficient software projects. Furthermore, within the inefficient group, DEA can also identify factors that affect software productivity in a positive or negative manner, allowing managers to take corrective actions. Based on the findings of this study, the manuscript also provides some practical guidelines for managers to follow in software development.

关键词： Data Envelopment Analysis Information systems implementation systems development methodologies

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Affordability, logistics R&D and fleet systems

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1996年第3期108卷 199-213页

作者： Schulte, DP Skolnick, A He has supported the development and operation of several naval systems including advanced component selection for Trident II fire control and navigation systems. He served as branch manager of the Surface Ship ASW Combat System Branch which acted as the acquisition engineering agent for the AN/SQQ-89 Surface Ship Anti-Submarine Warfare Weapon System. He was then selected to manage the Module Engineering Department which provided engineering support to numerous naval systems including the AN/BSY-1 Submarine Combat System and the Trident II fire control and navigation system. He then served as the deputy program manager for NAVSEA Progressive Maintenance (2M/ATE). He holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University and currently is pursuing a Maste's degree in Public Environmental Affairs at Indiana University—Purdue University Indianapolis. He served at Applied Physics Laboratory/The Johns Hopkins University in missile development then aboard USS Boston (CAG-1) and played leading roles in several weapon system developments (Regulus Terrier Tartar Talos) inertial navigation (Polaris) deep submergence (DSRV) and advanced ship designs (SES). He later was director Combat System Integration Naval Sea Systems Command and head Combat Projects Naval Ship Engineering Center. He led the Navy's High Energy Lasers and Directed Energy Weapons development efforts. He was vice president advanced technology at Operations Research Inc. and vice president maritime engineering at Defense Group Inc. before starting SSC in 1991. Dr. Skolnick holds a B.S. degree in Mathematics and Economics Queens College an M.A. degree in Mathematics and Philosophy Columbia University an M.S. degree in Electrical/Aeronautical Engineering U.S. Naval Postgraduate School and a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics from Polytechnic University in New York. He is the author of many published papers on engineering design issues source selection procedures and large-scale complex technology problems

The Fleet continues to require high performance systems that can operate with dependability in the seas' unforgiving environments and under hostile action. Those demands are not new. What has changed is the urgent priority formerly assigned to national defense issues. The arguments for continued superpower military strength are now roiled in politics along with unsettled budgets and uncertain force level projections. Current expectations revolve about indefinite fiscal and operational issues (difficult funding constraints and broadband threats). In the actual event of ''doing more with less,'' a practical response is to apply the creative power available from sound engineering judgement and the crucible of experience to the immediate needs of the Fleet. The attempt to shorten the path between advanced development effort and Fleet use has been tried occasionally in the past, often, without exemplary results. The Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practices (SHARP) program, is a generic R&D effort under OpNav sponsorship that has been working steadily on sensible solutions to product engineering problems. Armed today with fast-time, large-scale computation abilities and modern tools for technical problem solving coupled with specialized engineering knowledge, it has been refreshed and is underway satisfying existing Fleet needs. The relationship between fully responsive engineering services and current operational needs is always demanding. The connection between advanced engineering development (6.3 category funds) and immediate Fleet usage brings added complexity and challenge, both technical and organizational. Illustrative examples of affordable engineering solutions to ''retain, revise, replace or retire'' questions are presented within the context of both Fleet realities and budgetary limitations. The discussion covers legacy system support, civil/military considerations and Fleet maintenance issues. It describes the substantial and critical payoffs i

关键词： Warships

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