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THE ARCTIC SURFACE EFFECT VEHICLE program

Naval Engineers Journal 1976年第2期88卷 70-83页

作者： KORDENBROCK, JAMES U. HARRY, CHARLES W. Mr. James U. Kor'denbrock:graduated from the University of Cincinnati in 1942 with a BS degree in Aeronautical Engineering. Prior to his current employment his career was in private industry in the aerospace and the aircushion vehicle fields. With industry he was the Technical Director of the SKMR-1 Test Program and was later involved in the Army and Navy SK-5 Programs as well as the SES 100B test craft. With the Systems Development Department of DWTNSRDC he was the Technical Manager of the ARPA Arctic SEV Program but now he is in the Advanced Concepts Office. In addition to ASNE he is a member of SNAME and AIAA and is a registered professional engineer in the State of Ohio. Mr. Charles W. Harry:graduated from the University of Virginia in 1957 with an aeronautical option to his Mechanical Engineers degree. He has since been an employee of the David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DWTNSRDC). Following wind-tunnel research on several V/STOL aircraft he participated in aerodynamic research on surface effect phenomena for both aircushion and wing-in-ground-effect vehicles. He served as Project Engineer and Test Pilot for the XR-3 one of the first U.S. aircushion vehicles with non-flexible sidehulls. He participated in establishing and managing the research and development of the aero-hydro technology for the then Joint Surface Effect Ship Program Office. More recently he was the Manager Technology Development for the Arctic SEV Program and is presently a member of the Advanced Concepts Office of the System Development Department at the DWTNSRDC.

The potential of the Surface Effect Vehicle (SEV) for operating in the Arctic was investigated. Investigation and development of the technology, for vehicle systems was undertaken as well as definition of the unusual and severe environmental conditions encountered. Photographic and laser data were taken and summarized to establish the surface characteristics of the sea ice in the Arctic Ocean as well as topographic features of coastal and land areas. First‐hand experience was gained in the Arctic during a six‐month test program with an SK‐S SEV at Barrow, Alaska. Designs for SEV's up to 1,000‐tons gross weight with speed capabilities up to 120 knots were prepared. Numerous skirt designs were tested over simulated terrain to establish feasibility of skirts higher than those currently in use. The prediction of the dynamic response of SEV's operating at high speeds over ice and other rough terrain required analytical programs different from those used for operations over water. The detection of ice ridges and estimation of their height is required for high speed operation, and a system utilizing a 95GHz radar was designed and tested. Specific designs of 150‐ton and 500‐ton vehicles were developed to establish their feasibility for conducting long‐range Arctic missions. © 1976 American Society of Naval Engineers

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BANQUET ADDRESS - BUILT-IN COMBAT READINESS - APPROACH TO FUTURE SHIP DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1976年第3期88卷 40-43页

作者： MARCY, HT The Honorable H. Tyler (“Ty”) Marcy:was born in 1918 in Rochester New York but moved to Baltimore Maryland at an early age where he attended public schools. He is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from which he received both his BS and MS degrees in Electrical Engineering. Subsequent to receiving the latter degree in 1941 he designed and developed gun control systems in the MIT Servomechanism Laboratory until 1946 when he became Associate Director Special Projects Department M. W. Kellogg Company and worked on rocket engine development missile controls and analog air defense systems. In 1951 Mr. Marcy left Kellogg Company to join the IBM Corporation where he remained until 1972 and was employed in various engineering and managerial positions. At IBM his first assignment concerned the bomb/navigational system for the B-52 aircraft. He then moved into commercial development of data processing machines and peripheral devices subsequently being placed in a series of technical management positions which included Assistant Manager of Product Development Corporate Headquarters New York (1956) Manager Poughkeepsie N.Y. Laboratory (1957) Vice-President General Products Division (1962) Vice-President Systems Development Division (1965) and Director of Technology Corporate Headquarters Armonk N. Y. (1968). His last position was held until 1972 when he left IBM to do private consulting work in engineering management technology and program review. In October 1974 he was appointed by the President to his present office as Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Research and Development. Mr. Marcy has been a member of the Instrument Society of America since 1963 serving as its President from 1971 until 1974. In 1967 he became a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) for his leadership in feedback control and for his significant contribution to the management of technical enterprise. In addition to these professional organizations he is also a member of the

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THE UNITED STATES NAVY'S “DESIGN WORK STUDY” APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHIPBOARD CONTROL systems

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Naval Engineers Journal 1976年第6期88卷 62-74页

作者： PLATO, ARTIS I. GAMBREL, WILLIAM DAVID Artis I. Plato:is Head of the Design Work Study/ Shipboard Manning/Human Factors Engineering Section Systems Engineering and Analysis Branch Naval Ship Engineering Center (NAVSEC). He graduated from the City College of New York in 1956 receiving his Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering degree. Following this he started work at the New York Naval Shipyard in the Internal Combustion Engine and Cargo Elevator Section. During 1957 and 1958 he was called up for active duty with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and served in Europe with a Construction Engineer Battalion. After release from active duty he returned to the shipyard where he remained until 1961 when he transferred to the Naval Supply Research and Development Facility Bayonne New Jersey. Initially he was in charge of an Engineering Support Test Group and the drafting services for the whole Facility. Later he became a Project Engineer in the Food Services Facilities Branch with duties that included planning and designing new afloat and ashore messing facilities for the Navy. In 1966 he transferred to NAVSEC as a Project Engineer in the Design Work Study Section and in this capacity worked on selected projects and manning problems for new construction and also developed a computer program (Manpower Determination Model) that makes accurate crew predictions for feasibility studies. In 1969 he became Head of the Section. He has been active in the U.S. Army Reserve since his release from active duty and his duties have included command of an Engineer Company various Staff positions and his present assignment as Operations Officer for a Civil Affairs Group. He has completed the U. S. A rmy Corps of Engineers Career Course and the Civil Affairs Career Course and is presently enrolled in the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College non-resident course. Additionally he completed graduate studies at American University Washington D.C in 1972 receiving his MSTM degree in Technology of Management and is a member of ASE ASME CAA U. S. Naval Instit

The purpose of this paper is to discuss a system analysis technique called “Design Work Study”, that is used by the U.S. Navy for the development of improved ship control systems. The Design Work Study approach is one which brings about the most efficient and cost effective man‐machine combination for the ship control functions. Adherence to this process insures that the advantages of automation are balanced against incurred operational and maintenance expense. At present, U.S. Navy doctrine requires that certain ship operating stations, such as steering and propulsion control, be manned at specified ship conditions of readiness. Therefore, if personnel are needed to fulfill these combat environment obligations, excessive automation may only result in unnecessary additional acquisition costs and increased personnel skill requirements. The Design Work Study process can be applied to establish the required fine balance between the degree of built‐in automation and the shipboard manpower levels. In order to explain the techniques that are used for this process, the Authors will present a brief summary of the Design Work Study approach for optimizing shipboard control systems, including an explanation of the formal procedural tools that are applicable. In addition, a practical case study of ship control system design for one of the latest classes of Navy destroyers will be presented. This example will illustrate the resultant savings and benefits that can be realized by a judicious application of this technique. © 1976 American Society of Naval Engineers

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THE FT9 MARINE GAS TURBINE ENGINE DEVELOPMENT program

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Naval Engineers Journal 1975年第6期87卷 79-96页

作者： FAIRBANKS, JOHN W. The author is a graduate of the Maine Maritime Academy Stanford University and the University of Santa Clara. His undergraduate degrees were in Marine and Mechanical Engineering and his Masters Degree Specialization was in Heat-Mass-Momentum Transfer within the Mechanical Engineering Department He has taught Gas Dynamics Thermodynamics and Direct Energy Conversion at Texas A&M and the University of Maryland and has sailed as a licensed Marine Engineer for two and a half years with the American Export Lines currently holding active First Assistant Steam Unlimited and Third Assistant Diesel Unlimited licenses. From 1954 to 1957 he was on active duty in the U.S. Navy serving in the USS Montrose (APA-212) as both Main Propulsion Assistant and Chief Engineer. While employed at Hiller Aircraft Company he was in the Advanced Research Group and worked on the Detached Coanda Effect for VTOL and ground effect machines as well as designing high-speed bearings and high-speed shaft test stands for the SC-142A an experimental tilt wing aircraft program. In 1963 he went to Philco-Ford to design a Brayton Cycle Power System for a solar probe spacecraft and also worked on the Thermal and Power System Design of the IDCSP (DOD's Communication Satellite). At NASA's Goddard Space Center for six years his responsibilities included design fabrication integration test launch and flight operation of solar arrays on two spacecraft and also as Power Systems Engineer for the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory the largest unmanned spacecraft flown. In 1971 he joined NAVSEC where he is currently the Program Engineer on the FT9 Gas Turbine Development Program and Coordinator of the Navy's Materials Programs for advanced gas turbines. Having organized the first two Navy Gas Turbine Materials Conferences he is presently organizing U.S. participation in a joint U.S. Navy Royal Navy Gas Turbine Materials Conference to be held in ‘the United Kingdom in September 1976. Mr. Fairbanks has authored or coauthored 21 technical papers and i

The current Navy philosophy for marine gas turbine engine development is to marinize an existing aircraft turbo jet engine. The FT9 Marine Gas Turbine Engine is a 33,000 horsepower version of the Pratt and Whitney JT9D engine, which powers the 747 aircraft. Marinization of the JT9D basically involves removal of the fan section, addition of a power turbine, structural modification to several components, and material changes to provide corrosion‐resistance in the marine environment. Characteristics and ratings of the individual engine components are discussed as well as the assembled engine. The FT9 design incorporates the modular replacement concept. Modular replacement permits replacement of short‐life components such as the hot‐section without removing the engine from its mounts. The FT9 specification requires development of a condition monitoring system as an integral part of the engine development. Thus, provisions for sensor installations are incorporated in the design. Accelerometers are installed on the internal engine bearing housings to provide improved vibration signals. These accelerometers are mounted on rods such that they are removable without engine disassembly. Extensive borescope provisions are included to provide capability to inspect all hot‐section components without disassembling the engine. The engine life‐limiting component is the hot‐section because of the susceptibility of the blade and vane materials to sulphidation/oxidation at the temperatures encountered with the advanced engines. Sophisticated Made and vane cooling is used to allow high turbine inlet temperatures while keeping blade metal temperatures in a region where sulphidation/oxidation is only moderately active. Coatings are added to blades and vanes to extend engine life. Three FT9 engines will be delivered to the Navy. The target date for provisional Service Approval of FT9 is mid‐1978. FT9 will provide the U.S. Navy with the most advanced marine gas turbine with the highest powe

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LUNCHEON ADDRESS - EFFICIENT MANPOWER UTILIZATION THROUGH SHIPBOARD AUTOMATION, INTEGRATION AND GOOD SHIP DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1974年第1期86卷 61-64页

作者： PRICE, FH USN Vice Admiral Frank H. Price Jr. USN Director of the Ship Acquisition & Improvement Division Office of the Chief of Naval Operations was graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1941. Following this he had various duty assignments in theUSS Walke (DD416)andUSS O'Brien (DD415) instruction at the Naval Gun Factory Washington D.C. and a tour inUSS Shubrick (DD639)before taking the Ordnance Engineering (General) Course at the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in Annapolis Md. Completing this in 1946 he reported to theUSS Missouri (BB63)for gunnery duties remaining there until coming to the Bureau of Ordnance Research & Development Division in 1949. Subsequently he commanded theUSS Beale (DD471)returning to the Naval Gun Factory as Assistant Inspection Officer and Comptroller from 1954 to 1956 followed by instruction at the National War College. From it he was sent to Spain in 1957 to the Military Assistance Advisory Group as Asst. Chief of the Naval Section staying until he became Commander Destroyer Division 362 in 1959 and then one year later Chief of Staff Carrier Division 18. He was next the Head Underseas Warfare Division for the Commander Operational Test & Evaluation Force from 1961 until 1962. Completing instruction in Germantown Md. at the Atomic Energy Commission he commandedUSS Long Beach (CGN9) Navy's first nuclear powered surface ship from 1963 to 1966. Next came duty in the Naval Material and Naval Ordnance Systems Commands until 1968 at which time he became the Commander Cruiser Destroyer Flotilla Eight. He returned to Washington in 1969 to become the Vice Commander of the Naval Ordnance Systems Command but in 1970 was reassigned becoming Director Ships Characteristics Division & Chairman of the Ships Characteristics Board with additional duties as Program Coordinator New Construction Program. Later in that year his title was changed and he accepted his present Division duties in OPNAV in addition to those of Chairmanship of the Ship Acquisition and Improvement Council. His m

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THE ENERGY CRISIS AND NAVAL SHIP research AND DEVELOPMENT

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Naval Engineers Journal 1974年第3期86卷

作者： CDR. J. RICHARD GAUTHEY USN JOSEPH P. DeTOLLA CDR. J. RICHARD GAUTHEY USN & JOSEPH P. DeTOLLA Cdr. J. Richard Gauthey USN graduated from Cornell University in 1955 with a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering degree and entered the U.S. Navy through the NROTC program. Following three tours of sea duty he attended the University of California at Berkeley where he earned his Master of Science degree. From 1963 to 1965 he was Project Officer for Aircraft Carriers and Amphibious Ships in the Design Division BUSHIPS. The succeeding three years he was Assistant Repair Superintendent for Surface Ships at the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. After attending the Naval War College he was Maintenance Officer COMINELANT Staff prior to his present assignment as Director Ship Research and Technology Division NAVSHIPS where he has been since 1971. He is a member of both ASNE and SNAME. Joseph P. DeTolla a native of Philadelphia Pa. received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from Drexel University in 1969. He began his career with the U.S. Navy in 1965 as a Mechanical Engineering Trainee in the Philidelphia Naval Shipyard Design Division under the BUSHIPS Cooperative Education Training Program. In 1911 he joined NAVSEC as a Mechanical Engineer in the Fluid Systems Branch. For the past two years he has primarily been involved in conducting alternative auxiliary heating system “tradeoff” studies and in the design of total energy/waste heat recovery systems for the PF 109 Class Sea Control Ship DG/AEGIS and AO 177 Class. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the District of Columbia a member of ASE ASME and SNAME and a candidate for the Master of Engineering Administration degree at The George Washington University.

Energy used by U.S. Navy ships is viewed in the context of the national situation. Shipboard usage and the controlling variables are summarized. research and development being planned by the Navy is described. Efforts relate to conservation of energy as well as consideration of new fuels including hydrogen and liquid hydro-carbon fuels derived from coal, oil shale, and tar sands. A brief account is given of work sponsored by the Department of Interior to produce hydrocarbon fuels, and initial Navy efforts to characterize and evaluate one such fuel is reported. This fuel has been burned at sea in the USS Johnston (DD 821). Development of conservation measures encompasses the utilization of waste heat from gas turbine and diesel engine exhausts and diesel water jackets; more efficient machinery; and reduction of energy requirements. Specific developments discussed include a design methodology to optimize waste heat utilization and higher efficiency gas turbine systems.

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THE PATROL FRIGATE program‐A NEW APPROACH TO SHIP DIGIGN AND ACQUISTION

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Naval Engineers Journal 1973年第4期85卷 82-91页

作者： NEWCOMB, JOHN W. DITRAPANI, ANTHONY R. Mr. John W. Newcomb received his undergraduate education at Webb Institute of Naval Architecture graduating in 1966 and is currently completing requirements for a Master of Business Administration degree at the George Washington University. After gradwlting from Webb he was employed by Texaco Inc. Marine Department and later served three years active duty in the Navy as the DEG-7 Project Oficer at Supervisor of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repair Third Naval District. Subsequent thereto he was employed by the Naval Ship Research and Development Center prior to assuming his present position in the Ship System Design Division of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. Mr. Anthony R. Di'hapani received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin in 1958 and subsequently completed course requirements for a Master of Engineering Science while an evening student at the George Washington University. He began his engineering career in 1958 in the BuShips Steam Turbine and Gear Branch specializing in steam turbine systems for nuclear submarines. In 1962 after completing a Navy-sponsored Electronics Training Program he joined the SQS-26 Sonar Project and served as Head of the Special Projects Section and subsequently the Test and Analysis Section until selected in 1967 to head the ASW Branch for the newly-churtered DXIDXG Project now the DO963 Ship Acquisition Project in the Naval Ship System Command. In 1970 he was designated a8 Acting Director of the DD963 Technical Management Plans Division and when the PF Program emerged in 1971 was reassigned as Deputy Project Manager for the Patrol Frigate Project.

Late in 1970, Admiral E. R. Zumwdt, Chid of Naval Operations, directed that study begin towards development of a new class of ocean escort to be known BS Patrol Frigate (PF) to take over some of the duties of the Navy's World War II destroyers as these 25 year old ships are retired from the active Fleet. At the same time, the Department of Defense, was significantly revising its basic policies for the development and acquisition of major weapons systems, and PF became the Nay's first major ship claw acquisition under these new policies. This new requirement, as atmound in DOD Directive 5000.1, along with the program constraints imposed by the CNO, required the development of a philosophy and approach towards design, test and evaluation and acquisition which was significantly Merent from ship procurements of the recent past. This paper disc the overall acquisition proms for the Patrol Frigate Class BS it is being developed and implemented to meet these needs and constraints, and provides a commepfary regarding the effectiveness of the appraach as of January 1973. © 1973 by the American Society of Naval Engineers

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MATERIALS IN SEA

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1968年第1期80卷 35-&页

作者： GROVES, D THE AUTHOR:is a Naval Reserve Officer currently attached to a unit (5-8) of the Navy's Research Reserve Program (ONR). He has had a wide range of experience in the Navy both while on active duty during World War II and Korea as well as in the Reserve Program. His civilian experience has included electrical and mechanical design systems engineering and advanced engineering in Naval Warfare as well as Materials Science. Groves is a member of the ASNE The Marine Technology Society and a Fellow of The Washington Academy of Science plus several other scientific and engineering societies. “Iron seemeth a simple metal … but in its nature are many mysteries … and men who bend to them their minds shall in arriving days gather therefrom greater profit not to themselves alone but to all mankind.”

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SOME ART OF NAVAL engineering

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1970年第6期82卷 87-&页

作者： GROVES, D THE AUTHOR is a staff member of the National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council in Materials Science and Engineering. He has had a wide range of experience in the Navy both while on active duty during World War II and Korea as well as in the Reserve Program. His civilian experience has included electrical and mechanical design systems engineering and advance engineering in Naval Warfare as well as Materials Science. Groves is a member of ASNE the Marine Technology Society and a Fellow of the Washington Academy of Science plus several other scientific and engineering societies.

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FUNDAMENTAL OF RELIABILITY UNDERSTANDING FOR systems EFFECTIVENESS MANAGERS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1969年第2期81卷 59-&页

作者： AZIZ, A THE AUTHOR:is a mechanical engineer with the Engineering Services Division of the Naval Research Laboratory Washington D. C. Prior to this he was with the Naval Ship Research and Development Center Annapolis Division where he worked in the MESA (Machinery Effectiveness Systems Analysis) Program sponsored by the Navy Ship Systems Command. The present paper based on his works in the MESA Program is third in number in the general area of Systems Effectiveness. His first paper entitled “Systems Effectiveness in the United States Navy” and second paper entitled “Generalized Criteria Development of the Performance Parameter of Systems Effectiveness” were published in the December 1967 and in the February 1969 issues of this Journal respectively. He is a member of the ASME.

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