Sign language has importance rule to deal with communication process especially with impairments hearing people. Sign language detection also attract lot of researchers to join the challenge of research to detect and ...
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Universities can employ information technology as one means of achieving their goals and objectives. Universities can get advantages from information technology, such as effective resource management and information m...
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Clustering algorithms are crucial in uncovering hidden patterns and structures within datasets. Among the density-based clustering algorithms, DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) has g...
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Navigating the complex legal and regulatory landscape requires a sophisticated platform that is not only comprehensive but also user-friendly and enables seamless analysis and document comparison in the legal realm. T...
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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a wireless self-organizing network based on sensor nodes. Small batteries or power supply with weak computing power are usually used, so how to effectively control the energy consumpti...
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Cognitive Radio Networks(CRNs)have become a successful platform in recent years for a diverse range of future systems,in particularly,industrial internet of things(IIoT)*** order to provide an efficient connection amo...
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Cognitive Radio Networks(CRNs)have become a successful platform in recent years for a diverse range of future systems,in particularly,industrial internet of things(IIoT)*** order to provide an efficient connection among IIoT devices,CRNs enhance spectrum utilization by using licensed ***,the routing protocol in these networks is considered one of the main problems due to node mobility and time-variant channel ***,the channel selection for routing protocol is indispensable in CRNs to provide an adequate adaptation to the Primary User(PU)activity and create a robust routing *** study aims to construct a robust routing path by minimizing PU interference and routing delay to maximize throughput within the IIoT ***,a generic routing framework from a cross-layer perspective is investigated that intends to share the information resources by exploiting a recently proposed method,namely,Channel Availability ***,a novel cross-layer-oriented routing protocol is proposed by using a time-variant channel estimation *** protocol combines lower layer(Physical layer and Data Link layer)sensing that is derived from the channel estimation ***,it periodically updates and stores the routing table for optimal route ***,in order to achieve higher throughput and lower delay,a new routing metric is *** evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol,network simulations have been conducted and also compared to the widely used routing protocols,as a *** simulation results of different routing scenarios demonstrate that our proposed solution outperforms the existing protocols in terms of the standard network performance metrics involving packet delivery ratio(with an improved margin of around 5–20%approximately)under varying numbers of PUs and cognitive users in Mobile Cognitive Radio Networks(MCRNs).Moreover,the cross-layer routing protocol successfully achiev
Electronic government, or e-Government, is the use of information and communication technology by the public sector (ICT). Additionally, it can be viewed as a paradigm shift in terms of how governments operate. The go...
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The existence of fine-grained image classification supporting smart retail provides effectiveness in recognizing products with high similarity. However, the generic classification method performs poorly in identifying...
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In the world of education, learning management systems are currently widely used. The massively open online courses are accessible either via the web or mobile. The Learning Management System (LMS) is one of the learn...
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Domain data can be shifted in any direction so it will be shared in different distributions to its original domain. This could be a problem since the model was trained with different distributions. It is found that ad...
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